ἀναθεμᾰ-τίζω G0332
to bind under a curse; to invoke divine destruction on oneself if an oath is broken
This verb intensifies ordinary oath-taking by invoking anathema—a solemn self-curse calling down divine punishment if the vow is violated. In Mark 14:71, Peter's denial reaches its climax as he begins 'to curse and swear,' placing himself under the ban. The three Acts passages (23:12, 14, 21) describe a conspiracy of more than forty men who 'bound themselves under a curse' not to eat or drink until they had killed Paul—a dramatic narrative detail showing the lethal seriousness of such oaths in Second Temple Judaism.
Senses
1. sense 1 — To place oneself or others under a solemn curse (anathema), invoking divine punishment for oath-breaking. Spanish 'maldecir/maldijimos' (to curse) and French 'prononcer un anatheme' (to pronounce an anathema) highlight the self-imprecatory nature. Mark 14:71 describes Peter cursing himself during his denial; Acts 23:12-21 recounts conspirators who bound themselves under a curse—a religiously binding vow to assassinate Paul or face divine retribution. 4×
AR["حَرَّمُوا", "حَرَّمْنَا", "يَلْعَنُ"]·ben["অভিশাপ-দিতে", "শপথ-করিয়াছি", "শপথ-করিয়াছে", "শপথ-করিল"]·DE["ἀναθεματίζειν", "ἀνεθεμάτισαν", "ἀνεθεματίσαμεν"]·EN["bound-themselves-under-a-curse", "to-curse", "we-have-cursed"]·FR["maudire", "prononcer-un-anathème"]·heb["הֶחֱרִימוּ", "הֶחֱרַמְנוּ", "לְ-קַלֵּל"]·HI["शपथखाई", "शाप-देने", "हमनेशपथखाई"]·ID["mengutuk"]·IT["anathematizein", "maledire"]·jav["kula-sedaya-sampun-nyumpah", "nyupata", "sampun-nyumpah"]·KO["맹세하였다", "저주하기를"]·PT["a-amaldiçoar"]·RU["закляли", "клясться", "поклялись"]·ES["a-maldecir", "nos-maldijimos", "se-maldijeron", "se-maldijeron-a-sí-mismos"]·SW["kujilaani", "tumejifunga-kiapo", "walijifunga-kiapo", "wamejifunga-kiapo"]·TR["lanetledik", "lanetlediler", "lanetlemeye"]·urd["قسم-کھائی", "قسم-کھائی-ہے", "لعنت-کرنا", "ہم-نے-قسم-کھائی-ہے"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H7121 1. call, summon, name (575×)H6680 1. command, order, charge (483×)H6030b 1. answer, respond, reply (289×)G2980 1. speak, talk (277×)H5046 1. Hifil: to tell, report (237×)G0611 1. answer or respond verbally (232×)H1288 1. Piel: bless, invoke blessing (227×)H7650 1. swear, take an oath (Niphal) (154×)H3789 1. Qal passive participle: written, recorded (112×)H1984b 1. praise, laud (Piel) (111×)H7592 1. ask, inquire, question (96×)H3034 1. give thanks, praise (Hifil) (94×)G1321 1. teach, instruct actively (92×)H3789 2. Qal active: write, compose (89×)G1125 1. to write, compose (a letter or document) (84×)H5046 2. Hifil: to declare, proclaim (79×)H7892a 1. song, musical composition (78×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀναθεμᾰ-τίζω, devote to evil, LXX; but ἀναθέματι ἀ. ἑαυτούς bind themselves by a curse, with infinitive, NT:—passive, to be devoted to evil, LXX __II intransitive, curse and swear, NT