H8630 H8630
to overpower, prevail against, overcome by force
A late Hebrew verb, likely an Aramaism, appearing in wisdom literature. Ecclesiastes uses it twice: one person overpowering a solitary individual (4:12), and the impossibility of a mere mortal prevailing against one stronger than himself (6:10, a ketiv reading). Job employs it for God's overwhelming dominance: 'You prevail forever against him' (14:20, 15:24). The semantic field centers on superior force subduing weaker opposition.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Denotes the exercise of superior strength to dominate or overcome. Job's usage is theological—God's irresistible power over mortals. Ecclesiastes applies it to human conflict, where strength in numbers matters ('a threefold cord is not quickly broken' follows 4:12's mention of overpowering). The multilingual evidence shows force-related vocabulary: Spanish 'dominar' (to dominate), French 'prévaloir' (to prevail). The Aramaic linguistic influence reflects the exile period's impact on Biblical Hebrew. 4×
AR["الأَقْوَى", "تَغْلِبُهُ", "غَلَبَهُ", "يَتَغَلَّبُ-عَلَيْهِ"]·ben["[যে-শক্তিশালী]", "আপনি-তাকে-জয়-করেন", "পরাজয়-করে", "পরাস্ত-করে-তাকে"]·DE["[[שהתקיף]]", "[יתקפו]", "[תתקפהו]"]·EN["[ketiv]", "overpowers-him", "prevails", "you-overpower-him"]·FR["prévaloir", "prévaloir-lui"]·heb["יתקפו", "שׁ-תקיף", "תתקפהו"]·HI["उसे-हराएगा", "तू-उसे-हराता-है", "वह-हराए"]·ID["Engkau-mengalahkannya", "[Q]", "mengatasinya", "menyerang"]·IT["[ketiv]", "overpowers-him-suo", "prevails-suo", "you-overpower-him-suo"]·jav["Panjenengan-ngalahaken-piyambakipun", "ngalahaken", "ngalahaken-piyambakipun"]·KO["그-강한-자", "이기나니", "이기면", "이기시고"]·PT["O-prevaleces-contra-ele", "[aquele-que-é-forte]", "o-dominam", "prevalecer"]·RU["[ктив:тем-кто-силен]", "одолеваешь-его", "одолевают-его", "одолеет"]·ES["Lo-dominas", "[el-que-es-fuerte]", "lo-dominan", "lo-vence"]·SW["[aliye-na-nguvu]", "atamshinda", "inamshinda", "unamshambulia"]·TR["hakim-gelirse", "ki-guclu", "yener-onu", "yenersin-onu"]·urd["[قدیم]", "غالب-آئے", "غالب-آتا-ہے-اُس-پر", "غالب-آتی-ہے-اُس-پر"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [תָּקֵף] vb. prevail over, overpower (late; NH id.; Aramaism; Aramaic תְּקֵיף, ܬܩܶܦ be strong; Nab. תקף authority; cf.NöZMG xlvii (1893), 102; Sab. תקף overpower SabDenkmNo. 9, 1, 13; Arabic ثَقِفَ attain to, overtake, overpower);— Qal Impf.: 3 ms. sf. יִתְקְפוֹ Ec 4:12 (Ges§ 60 d) if one overpower him, so 3 fs. sf. תִּתְקְפֵ֫הוּ Jb 14:20; 3 fs. sf. id. 15:24. תְּקוּפָה v. sub קוף" dir="rtl" >קוף (p. 880).