H8138b H8138b
To repeat or do again; to perform an action a second time, whether a physical deed or spoken word.
A verb conveying the idea of doing something a second time or repeating an action. In narrative contexts, it often appears after a decisive blow — as when Abner struck a man and did not need to strike again (2 Sam 20:10), or when David's companion urged him to let him pin Saul to the ground and assured him he would not need to repeat the thrust (1 Sam 26:8). Elijah dramatically commands the servants to pour water a second time and then a third (1 Kgs 18:34). The Arabic cognate meaning 'bend, fold, double' illuminates the root's core notion of doubling or folding back upon an action already performed.
Senses
1. repeat, do again — To do a second time or repeat an action. The Qal forms consistently express active repetition — striking again in battle (1 Sam 26:8; 2 Sam 20:10), pouring water repeatedly on the altar (1 Kgs 18:34), returning to a transgression (Prov 26:11 — 'as a dog returns to its vomit, so a fool repeats his folly'), or harping on a matter (Prov 17:9). Spanish 'repetid' and English 'I-will-repeat' confirm this straightforward iterative meaning across all attestations. 8×
AR["أُثَنِّي", "عُدْتُمْ", "فَ-كَرَّروا", "كَرِّروا", "وَ-مُكَرِّرٌ", "يُكَرِّرونَ", "يُكَرِّرُ", "يُكَرِّرْ"]·ben["আবার-কর", "এবং-তারা-আবার-করল", "কিন্তু-যে-পুনরাবৃত্তি-করে", "পুনরাবৃত্তি-করব", "পুনরাবৃত্তি-করবে", "পুনরাবৃত্তি-করে", "পুনরায়-করল", "পুনরায়-বলত"]·DE["[ישנו]", "[שונה]", "[תשנו]", "ich-wird-wiederhole", "tue-ein-zweiter-Zeit", "und-Jahr", "und-sie-tat-ein-zweiter-Zeit", "wiederholte"]·EN["I-will-repeat", "and-they-did-a-second-time", "but-repeating", "do-a-second-time", "repeated", "repeating", "they-repeated", "you-do-again"]·FR["[תשנו]", "et-ils-fit-un-deuxième-temps", "et-ושנה", "fais-un-deuxième-temps", "je-fera-repeat", "repeated", "ישנו", "שונה"]·heb["אשנה", "ו-שונה", "ו-שנו", "ישנו", "שונה", "שנה", "שנו", "תשנו"]·HI["और-दोहरानेवाला", "और-दोहराया", "टपकती-थी", "तुम-फिर-करोगे", "दोहराओ", "दोहराता", "दोहराया", "मैं-दोहराऊँगा"]·ID["aku-akan-mengulangi", "dan-mereka-melakukan-dua-kali", "kamu-mengulangi", "lakukanlah-dua-kali", "mengulangi", "mereka ulangi", "tetapi-siapa-mengulang"]·IT["[תשנו]", "e-essi-fece-un-secondo-tempo", "e-ma-repeating", "fa-un-secondo-tempo", "io-vorrà-ripeti", "repeating", "ripeté", "they-repeated"]·jav["ambala", "kula-badhé-mbalèni", "lan-ngambal", "lan-tiyang-kang-ngambali", "ngambali", "panjenengan-mbalèni", "piyambak-ipun-mbaleni"]·KO["그러나-되풀이하는-자는", "그리고-되풀이했다", "다시-한다면", "다시할", "되풀이하는니라", "되풀이하라", "두-번-치지-않았다", "반복하지-않았는데"]·PT["e-o-que-repete", "e-repetiram", "que-repete", "repetiam", "repetide", "repetirdes", "repetirei", "repetiu"]·RU["а-повторяющий", "и-повторили", "повторил", "повторите", "повторю", "повторяли", "повторяющий"]·ES["Repetid", "que-repite", "repetiré", "repetís", "repitió", "respondían", "y-el-que-repite", "y-repitieron"]·SW["fanyeni-mara-ya-pili", "hakumrudia", "hawakurudia", "hurudia", "lakini-anayerudia", "mtarudia", "na-wakafanya-mara-ya-pili", "nitarudia"]·TR["fakat-tekrarlayan", "ikileyin", "tekrarladı", "tekrarlardılar", "tekrarlarsanız", "tekrarlayacağım", "tekrarlayan", "ve-ikilediler"]·urd["اور-دہرانے-والا", "اور-دہرایا", "دہراؤ", "دہراؤں-گا", "دہراتا-ہے", "دہراتے تھے", "دہرایا"]
2. be repeated — The Nifal passive form denoting something being repeated or doubled. In Gen 41:32, Joseph explains that Pharaoh's dream was 'repeated' (doubled) because the matter is firmly established by God. The passive construction shifts focus from the agent to the event itself — the dream's repetition signals divine certainty. Spanish 'repetirse' (to be repeated, reflexive) captures the passive nuance well. 1×
AR["تَكْرَارِ"]·ben["পুনরাবৃত্তির"]·DE["-"]·EN["the-repeating-of"]·FR["le-repeating-de"]·heb["השנות"]·HI["दोहराना-का"]·ID["diulanginya"]·IT["il-repeating-di"]·jav["dipun-ambali"]·KO["반복된것은"]·PT["repetir-se"]·RU["повторении"]·ES["repetirse"]·SW["kurudiwa"]·TR["tekrarlanmasının"]·urd["دہرائے-جانے-کے"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† III. שָׁנָה vb. repeat, do again (NH id.; Ecclus 42:1; Arabic ثَنَى bend, fold, double; Aramaic תְּנָא repeat, also teach, ܬܢܳܐ; Assyrian šanû, especially Pi. repeat, relate, cf. ScheilZA v (1890), 409 (Dl thinks denom.); on שׁ׳ as √ of שְׁנַיִם two, v. PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 77 Baib. xii (1887), 603);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 2 S 20:10; Impf. 1 s. אֶשְׁנֶה 1 S 26:8, etc.; Imv. mpl. שְׁנוּ 1 K…