Search / H7701
H7701 H7701
Prep-k | N-msc  |  26× in 3 senses
Destruction, devastation; violence, plunder; ruin wrought by hostile force
A noun expressing the terrible aftermath of violent force—whether the devastation of nations, the ruin of cities, or the oppressive violence of the wicked. Frequently paired with 'hamas' (violence) as in Amos 3:10 and Jeremiah 6:7, it paints a picture of social breakdown where might crushes right. Isaiah 13:6 famously plays on its sound: 'as shod from Shaddai it shall come,' linking devastation to the Almighty in a grim paronomasia. The word moves fluidly between describing the act of plunder and the resulting state of ruin.

Senses
1. destruction, devastation The predominant sense of destruction and devastation as a state or result—cities laid waste, peoples ruined, lands left desolate. The Isaiah 13:6 wordplay 'keshod mishaddai' ties devastation to divine judgment. Spanish 'destruccion' and German 'Verheerung' capture this desolation. Covers most prophetic and poetic uses (Job 5:21-22, Isaiah 16:4, 22:4, 51:19). 20×
VIOLENCE_CONFLICT Violence, Harm, Destroy, Kill Destruction and Decay
AR["الدَّمارَ","النَّهْبُ","الْخَرَابُ","خَرابٌ","خَرَابٌ","خَرَابِ","عَلى-الخَرابِ","كَخَرابِ","كَـ-هَلَاكٍ","مِنَ-الخَرابِ","وَ-اغْتِصَابًا","وَ-الدَّمارُ","وَ-سَلبٌ","وَ-سَلبُ","وَ-كَ-خَرابٍ","وَ-نَهْبٌ","وَخَرابًا"]·ben["-ধ্বংসের","এবং-ধ্বংস","এবং-ধ্বংস-","এবং-ধ্বংসের-মতো","ও-ধ্বংস","ধ্বংস","ধ্বংস-থেকে","ধ্বংসের-দিকে","ধ্বংসের-মতো","যেমন-ধ্বংস-হয়েছিল-"]·DE["Gewalt","Verheerung","und-Gewalt","und-Verheerung"]·EN["and-as-destruction","and-destruction","and-the-destruction-of","and-violence","as-destruction","as-destruction-of","at-destruction","destruction","destruction-of","devastation","from-destruction","the-devastation"]·FR["[ושד]","[כשד]","[משד]","[שד]","de-משד","et-comme-destruction","et-ravage","ravage","à-לשד"]·heb["ה-שוד","ו-כ-שוד","ו-שׁוֹד","ו-שוד","כ-שוד","ל-שוד","מ-שוד","שׁוֹד","שוד"]·HI["उजाड़े-जैसे","और-उजाड़","और-जैसे-विनाश","और-लूट","और-विनाश","जैसे-विनाश","तबाही","विनाश","विनाश-पर","विनाश-से"]·ID["Dan-perusakan","Kebinasaan","Kepada-kehancuran","dan-kehancuran","dan-perusakan","dan-seperti-kehancuran","dari-kebinasaan","dari-kehancuran","kebinasaan","kehancuran","pemusnahan","penghancuran","seperti-kehancuran"]·IT["da-da-destruction","devastazione","e-devastazione","per-a-destruction"]·jav["dhumateng-karisakan","ing-bètèng","kados-karusakan","kados-pangrisak","karisakan","lan-kados-karisakan","lan-karisakan","lan-karusakan","lan-karusakan!'","pangrisakan","saking-karisakan","sami-kathahaken"]·KO["같으니라-파괴에","그리고-같이-멸망","그리고-파괴가","그리고-파괴를","그리고-파멸이","그리고-파멸이라고","그리고-해침이니","멸망이라","부터-파멸의","에게-파멸","에서-파멸","파괴","파괴가","파괴와","파멸-같이","파멸을","파멸이","황폐와"]·PT["a-destruição","a-destruição-de","a-devastação","como-destruição","como-destruição-de","de-destruição","destruição","e-como-destruição","e-destruição","e-destruição!","e-destruição-de-"]·RU["грабёж","и-грабёж","и-истребление","и-как-разрушение","и-насилие","и-разорение","и-разрушение","как-опустошение","как-разорение","над-опустошением","опустошение","от-опустошения","от-разрушения","разрушение","разрушении"]·ES["De-destrucción","como-destrucción","como-la-destrucción-de","de-destrucción","de-la-destrucción","destrucción","destrucción-de","la-destrucción","y-como-destrucción","y-destrucción","y-la-destrucción-de-","y-violencia"]·SW["kama-uharibifu","kama-uharibifu-wa","kutoka-uharibifu","maangamizo","na-kama-uharibifu","na-uharibifu","na-uharibifu-wa","uharibifu"]·TR["ve-tahribat","ve-tahribatı","ve-yağma","ve-yıkım","ve-yıkım-gibi","ve-şiddet","yağma","yikim","yikim-gibi","yikimi","yıkım","yıkıma","yıkımdan","yıkımı","yıkımı-gibi"]·urd["اور-بربادی","اور-تباہی","اور-تباہی-کی-طرح","تباہی","تباہی-سے","تباہی-پر","تباہی-کی-طرح","جیسے-تباہی"]
2. violence, robbery, plunder The active sense of violence, robbery, and plunder—emphasizing the perpetration rather than the aftermath. Paired with hamas in Ezekiel 45:9 and Amos 3:10, it indicts the powerful for oppressing the vulnerable. Psalm 12:5 grounds this in God's response: He rises because of the 'shod' of the poor. French 'devastateur' and Spanish 'violencia' reflect the agent-oriented nuance.
VIOLENCE_CONFLICT Violence, Harm, Destroy, Kill Destruction and Decay
AR["عُنْفًا","عُنْفُ-","مِنْ-سَلْبِ","وَ-الْ-غَصْبَ","وَ-نَهْبًا"]·ben["এবং-লুটতরাজ","এবং-লুণ্ঠন","ধ্বংস","লুন্ঠনের-কারণে","সহিংসতা"]·DE["Gewalt","[ושד]","und-Gewalt","weil-von-der-plundering-von"]·EN["and-destruction","because-of-the-plundering-of","violence","violence-of"]·FR["[ושד]","de-dévastateur","שד"]·heb["ו-שׁוֹד","ו-שוד","מ-שוד","שוד","שוד-"]·HI["और-लूट","के-कारण-अत्याचार","लूट-","विनाश"]·ID["Dari-penindasan","Kekerasan","dan-perampasan","dan-perampokan","kekerasan"]·IT["[משד]","e-devastazione","violence","violence-di"]·jav["Saking-panyiksa","karisakan","karisakan-saking","lan-kerusakan","lan-rampasan"]·KO["그리고-약탈","그리고-파괴를","파괴-로부터","폭력을","폭력이-"]·PT["Por-causa-da-opressão","Violência-de-","e-destruição","violência"]·RU["и-грабёж","из-за-притеснения","насилие","насилие-"]·ES["La-violencia-de","Por-destrucción-de","violencia","y-despojo"]·SW["Kwa-sababu-ya-uharibifu-wa","na-uporaji","uharibifu","uharibifu-wa"]·TR["ve-yağmayı","yüzünden-","şiddeti","şiddeti-"]·urd["-لوٹ-سے","اور-تباہی","اور-لوٹ","تباہی","لوٹ-"]
3. to destroy (ketiv verbal form) A singular ketiv verbal reading at Proverbs 11:3 where the consonantal text preserves a Qal finite form meaning 'he destroys,' distinct from the nominal uses elsewhere. The qere tradition likely normalizes it, but the ketiv witnesses to a live verbal usage of the root in wisdom literature.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Textual Variants Mixed
AR["[ويهلكهم]"]·ben["তাদের-ধ্বংস-করে"]·DE["Gewalt"]·EN["[ketiv]"]·FR["et-[ושדם]-eux"]·heb["[ושדם]"]·HI["उजाड़ेगा"]·ID["[ketiv]"]·IT["e-[ketiv]-loro"]·KO["[크타브]"]·PT["[os-destruirá]"]·RU["[ктив:и-губит-их]"]·ES["(los-destruye)"]·SW["unawaangamiza"]·TR["[yıkar]"]

Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. שֹׁד, שׁוֹד (v. infr.) n.m. violence, havoc, devastation, ruin;—שׁ׳ abs. Ho 7:13 +; cstr. Is 22:4 +;— 1. violence, havoc, as social sin: חָמָס וָשֹׁד Am 3:10; Je 6:7; 20:8; Ez 45:9, שׁ׳ וְח׳ Hb 1:3, כָּזָב וָשׁ׳ Ho 12:2 (l. וָשָׁוְא, 𝔊 We Marti al.), שׁ׳ יָשֶׁבֶר Is 59:7; 60:18; Pr 24:2 (‖ עָמָל; שׁ׳ רְשָׁעִים Pr 21:7; c. genit. obj. שׁ׳ עֲנִיִּים ψ 12:6. 2. devastation, ruin, for nation Ho