H7488b H7488b
Luxuriant, green, leafy; of trees in full foliage, especially at idolatrous worship sites; figuratively, fresh and vigorous.
An adjective painting the picture of lush, green vitality — most often describing trees thick with leaves. It appears prominently in the Deuteronomistic formula 'under every green tree' (tahat kol-ets ra'anan), marking hilltop shrines where Israel practiced idolatrous worship (Deut 12:2; 1 Kgs 14:23; 2 Kgs 16:4; 17:10). The word thus carries a double resonance: natural beauty and spiritual danger. In its figurative extension (Ps 92:14), the righteous in old age remain 'fat and fresh' — Spanish 'fresco,' French 'verdoyant' — like well-watered trees that never lose their sap. Song of Songs 1:16 uses it for a leafy, verdant couch, blending botanical imagery with intimacy.
Senses
1. green, luxuriant (of trees) — Green, luxuriant, or leafy, describing trees in their full, thriving foliage. Dominates the formulaic phrase 'under every green/luxuriant tree' (kol-ets ra'anan), which recurs across Deuteronomy, Kings, Chronicles, Jeremiah, Isaiah, and Ezekiel as a stock marker for sites of Canaanite worship. Spanish 'frondoso' and 'verde,' French 'verdoyant,' and German 'grünend' all capture the lushness. Also applied to specific species — an olive tree (Ps 52:10), a cypress (Hos 14:9), and the mysterious 'native tree' of Ps 37:35. The word evokes not just color but abundance, a canopy thick enough to shelter illicit altars. 18×
AR["أَخضَرَ", "أَخْضَرَ", "خَضْراءَ", "خَضْرَاءَ", "خَضْرَاءُ", "رَعَنَنَه", "وَغَضَّينَ"]·ben["এবং-সবুজ", "সতেজ", "সবুজ", "সবুজ।", "সবুজের"]·DE["[רענן]", "[רעננה]", "flourishing", "flourishing-Baum", "gruen", "leafy", "luxuriant", "und-grünen"]·EN["and-green", "flourishing", "flourishing-tree", "green", "leafy", "luxuriant", "olive-tree"]·FR["[רענן]", "et-verdoyant", "leafy", "luxuriant", "verdoyant", "verdoyant.", "vert"]·heb["ו-רעננים", "רענן", "רעננה"]·HI["और-हरे", "हरा", "हरा-भरा", "हरे", "हरे-के"]·ID["-rindang", "dan-segar", "hijau", "hijau-subur", "rimbun", "rindang", "yang-rindang"]·IT["[רענן]", "e-verdeggiante", "leafy", "luxuriant", "verdeggiante"]·jav["ijem;", "ijo", "ijo-royo-royo", "ingkang-ijo-royo", "ingkang-ngrembuyung", "ingkang-ngrembuyung.", "lan-seger", "ngrembuyung", "tiyang-leres"]·KO["그리고-신선한", "무성한", "푸르다", "푸르른", "푸른"]·PT["e-verdejantes", "verde", "verdejante", "verdejante,", "verdejante;"]·RU["зеленая", "зеленеющая", "зеленеющее", "зеленеющим", "зеленого", "зеленой", "зеленым", "зелёное.", "зелёный", "зелёным", "и-свежими", "цветущее"]·ES["frondoso", "verde", "y-verdes"]·SW["kibichi", "mabichi", "mbichi", "na-ubichi", "uliostawi", "wenye-majani", "wenye-majani-mabichi"]·TR["ve-yeşil", "yesil", "yeşil"]·urd["اور-ہرے", "تازہ", "سرسبز", "سرسبز-کے", "ہرا", "ہرا-بھرا", "ہرا-بھرا-ہے", "ہرے", "ہرے-بھرے", "ہرے-کے"]
Deut 12:2, 1 Kgs 14:23, 2 Kgs 16:4, 2 Kgs 17:10, 2 Chr 28:4, Ps 37:35, Ps 52:8, Ps 92:14, Song 1:16, Isa 57:5, Jer 2:20, Jer 3:6 (+6 more)
2. fresh, full of sap (figurative of persons) — Fresh, full of sap, vigorous — used figuratively of persons who remain vitally alive, especially in old age. In Ps 92:14, the righteous 'still bear fruit in old age; they are fat and fresh (ra'anan).' Spanish 'fresco' and French 'verdoyant' preserve the botanical metaphor applied to human flourishing. This sense transfers the tree's unfading green to people who thrive under God's care, making a single powerful appearance that crowns the psalm's wisdom theology. 1×
AR["طَرِيٍّ"]·ben["তাজা"]·DE["fresh"]·EN["fresh"]·FR["verdoyant"]·heb["רענן"]·HI["ताजा"]·ID["segar"]·IT["verdeggiante"]·jav["ingkang-seger"]·KO["신선한"]·PT["fresco"]·RU["свежим"]·ES["fresco"]·SW["mabichi"]·TR["taze"]·urd["تازہ"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† רַעֲנָן adj. luxuriant, fresh;—m. ר׳ Dt 12:2 +; f. רַעֲנָנָה Ct 1:16; mpl. רַעֲנַנִּים ψ 92:15;—luxuriant, of trees: בְּרוֹשׁ Ho 14:9, זַיִת ψ 52:10 (both sim.), Je 11:16 (fig.); sim. also, כְּאֶזְרָה ר׳ ψ 37:35 (but read כְּאֶרֶז הַלְּבָנוֹן 𝔊 and most); especially in phrase תַּחַת כָּל־עֵץ ר׳ place of idolatrous rites, Dt 12:2; 1 K 14:23; 2 K 16:4 = 2 Ch 28:4; 2 K 17:10; Je 2:20; 3:6, 13; Is…