H7287a H7287a
To rule, exercise dominion; also to tread down or subjugate by force
Radah carries the weight of God's mandate in Genesis 1:26-28, where humanity is charged to 'rule' over fish, birds, and every living thing. Spanish 'dominar' and Arabic cognates preserve this sovereign authority sense. But radah also has a darker edge: Leviticus 25:43-53 repeatedly warns against ruling over fellow Israelites 'with harshness' (befarek). A second homographic root surfaces in Judges 5:13 and Lamentations 1:13, meaning to tread down — visible in French 'descendit' and Spanish 'bajó.' Isaiah 41:2 pushes further toward military subjugation, where God makes a ruler 'tread down' nations.
3. subdue, subjugate — To subdue or subjugate by coercive force — an intensification beyond normal governance. Isaiah 41:2 asks who raised up one from the east and 'makes him rule' (yirdennu) over kings, with Spanish 'sojuzga' (subjugate) and the Arabic sense of forceful trampling underscoring the violent, military character that distinguishes this from sense 1's orderly dominion. 1×
AR["يُخْضِعُ"]·ben["তিনি-পরাজিত-করেন"]·DE["ging-hinab"]·EN["makes-him-rule"]·FR["[ירד]"]·heb["ירד"]·HI["वश-में-करता-है"]·ID["ia-menaklukkan"]·IT["scese"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-ngwasani"]·KO["복종시키셨느뇨"]·PT["subjuga"]·RU["покоряет"]·ES["sojuzga"]·SW["kumtawala"]·TR["hakimi-olsun"]·urd["روندتا-ہے"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
1. rule, have dominion — To rule, exercise dominion or governance — the primary sense, governing over people, creatures, or territory. Genesis 1:26-28 establishes the creation mandate; Psalm 72:8 envisions the Messiah ruling from sea to sea; 1 Kings 5:4 (ET 4:24) describes Solomon's dominion. Leviticus 25:43,46,53 constrains this authority: Israel must not rule harshly over brothers. Spanish 'dominar' and 'señorear' consistently reflect this governing sense. 20×
AR["الـ-مُتَسَلِّطِينَ","المُتَسَلِّطونَ","الْمُتَسَلِّطِ","تَتَسَلَّطْ","تَسَلَّط","تَسَلَّطْتُمْ","فَ-تَسَلَّطُوا","قائِدُهُمْ","مُتَسَلِّطٌ","وَ-تَسَلَّطُوا","وَ-لِيَتَسَلَّطُوا","وَ-يَتَسَلَّط","وَ-يَتَسَلَّطُ","وَ-يَتَسَلَّطُونَ","يَتَسَلَّطُوا","يَتَسَلَّطْهُ"]·ben["-কর্তৃত্বকারী","আর-কর্তৃত্ব-করতেন","আর-শাসন-করুক","আর-শাসন-করো","এবং-কর্তৃত্ব-করবে","এবং-শাসন-করবে","ও-তারা-শাসন-করবে","ও-শাসন-করবে","ও-সে-কর্তৃত্ব-করবে","করছিল","ছিল-শাসন-করছিল","তাদের-শাসনকারী","তোমরা-শাসন-করেছ","শাসন","শাসন-কর","শাসন-করবে","শাসন-করবে-সে-তাকে","শাসন-করে","শাসনকারী"]·DE["[הרדים]","[וירדו]","[ורדו]","[רדה]","[רדות]","[רדיתם]","der-die-herrschend","der-herrschend","du-soll-herrschen","er-soll-herrschen-ihn","herrschen","ruling-ihnen","und-herrschet","und-möge-er-herrschen","und-rules","und-sie-sollen-herrschen","und-wird-herrschen","und-wird-herrschen-über","war-herrschend"]·EN["and-let-them-rule","and-may-he-rule","and-rule","and-rules","and-they-ruled","and-they-will-rule","and-will-rule","and-will-rule-over","he-shall-rule-him","rule","ruling","ruling-them","the-ones-ruling","the-ruling","to-rule","was-ruling","you-ruled","you-shall-rule"]·FR["[הרדים]","[וירדו]","[ורדו]","[רדה]","dominer","et-dominer","et-fera-rule","et-que-eux-régner","et-rules","et-régner","fut-régnant","il-devra-rule-lui","le-ceux-régnant","le-régnant","tu-devra-rule"]·heb["ה-רדה","ה-רודים","הָ-רֹדִים","ו-ירד","ו-ירדו","ו-רדה","ו-רדו","ירדנו","רדה","רדות","רדיתם","רודה","רודם","תרדה"]·HI["और-प्रभुता-करें","और-प्रभुता-करो","और-राज-करेंगे","और-वह-राज्य-करेगा","और-शासन करेंगे","और-शासन-करेंगे","और-शासन-करेगा","जो-कराते-थे","तू शासन करेगा","प्रभुता-कर","वह शासन करेगा उस-पर","शासन-करता-था","शासन-करने-वाला","शासन-करने-वाले","शासन-करें"]·ID["Dan-ia-akan-memerintah","berkuasalah","dan-akan-berkuasa","dan-berkuasa","dan-berkuasalah","dan-biarlah-mereka-berkuasa","dan-menguasai","dan-mereka-memerintah","ia-berkuasa","kamu-berkuasa","kamu-memerintah","memerintah","memerintah-mereka","yang-memerintah","yang-mengawasi","yang-menguasai"]·IT["[הרדים]","[וירדו]","[רדות]","[רדיתם]","dominare","domino'","e-dominare","e-domino'","e-fara-regnare","e-governare","e-let-loro-governare","e-rules","egli-dovra-regnare-lui","era-dominando","il-dominando","il-quelli-dominando","tu-dovra-regnare"]·jav["Lan-badhe-mrentah","Saha-piyambakipun-badhé-mrentah","ingkang-mimpin","ingkang-mrentah","ingkang-nguwasani","kang-mréntah","lajeng-sami-nguwaosi","lan","lan-kuwasanana","lan-mugi-piyambakipun-nguwasani","lan-ngerèhaken","lan-nguwasani","mrentahna","mréntah","ngereh","panjenengan-kuwaosi","sira-ngerèh","sira-ngerèh-piyambakipun"]·KO["그-감독하는자들","그-다스리는-자들","그리고-다스리게-하자","그리고-다스리라","그리고-다스리리라","그리고-다스리리이다","그리고-지배할것이다","그리하여-지배했다","너는-지배하라","너희가-다스렸다","다스렸다","다스리는","다스리는-자들이","다스리라","다스리리라","다스리시리이다","다스리지-","지배할지니라-그를"]·PT["E-dominará","E-domine","domina","dominando","dominar","dominarás","dominastes","e-dominai","e-dominarão","e-dominavam","e-dominem","governando-os","o-dominará","os-dominando","os-que-dominavam","os-que-governavam","que-dominava"]·RU["владычествовал","владычествовали","владычествуй","властвует-над-ним","властвуй","господствовали","и-будут-властвовать","и-владеть-будут","и-владеют","и-владычествовали","и-владычествуйте","и-властвовать-будет","и-да-владычествует","и-да-владычествуют","надзирающих","попиравший","правящий-ими","правящих"]·ES["Y-dominará","domina","dominaba","dominarás","dominen","el-que-gobernaba","gobernasteis","gobernándolos","lo-dominará","lo-dominarás","los-que-dirigían","los-que-gobernaban","los-que-mandaban","y-dominad","y-dominaron","y-dominarán","y-dominen"]·SW["Na-atatawala","akiwaongoza","alikuwa-akitawala","atamtawala","iliyotawala","kutawala","mmewatawala","na-atatawala","na-mtawale","na-wakawatawala","na-watatawala","na-watawale","na-watawatawala","na-wenye-haki","tawala","utamtawala","wakisimamia","waliosimamia","wanaofanya"]·TR["hükmedecek-onu","hükmedeceksin","hükmeden","hükmet","hükmetsinler","hükmettiniz","ve-egemen-olsun","ve-egemen-olsunlar","ve-egemen-olun","ve-hükmedecek","ve-hükmedecekler","ve-hükmettiler","ve-yonetecekler","yoneten","yönetenler","yönetiyordu"]·urd["اور-حکم-کریں-گے","اور-حکومت-کرو","اور-حکومت-کریں","اور-حکومت-کریں-گے","اور-حکومت-کرے-گا","اور-حکومت-کی","اُن-کا-حاکم","حاکم","حکم-چلا","حکم-چلائے-گا-اُس-پر","حکم-کرنے-والا","حکمران-تھا","حکمرانی-کرنے-والے","حکمرانی-کی-تم-نے","حکومت-کر","حکومت-کریں","نگرانی-کرنے-والے","وَ-حکومت-کریں-گے","وَ-وہ-حکومت-کرے-گا"]
Gen 1:26, Gen 1:28, Lev 25:43, Lev 25:46, Lev 25:53, Lev 26:17, Num 24:19, 1 Kgs 4:24, 1 Kgs 5:16, 1 Kgs 9:23, 2 Chr 8:10, Neh 9:28 (+8 more)
2. tread down, scrape out — To tread down, press, or scrape out — a distinct homographic root (radah II). Judges 5:13 uses it for the remnant 'treading down' the mighty, and Lamentations 1:13 describes fire sent into bones that 'overcame' them. French 'descendit' and Spanish 'bajó' (went down) reveal translators reading physical downward motion rather than political authority. Some lexicographers connect Judges 14:9's scraping honey from the lion to this root. 3×
AR["نَزَلَ","نَزَلَ-","وَسَيْطَرَتْهَا"]·ben["এবং-দমন-করল-তা","নামল","নামলেন-"]·DE["[וירדנה]","ging-hinab","ging-hinab-"]·EN["and-it-overcame-them","went-down","went-down-"]·FR["[וירדנה]","descendit","descendit-"]·heb["ו-ירדנה","ירד"]·HI["उतरा","उतारा","और-वह-उतरी-उनमें"]·ID["dan-Ia-menaklukannya","turunlah"]·IT["e-la-domino","scese","scese-"]·jav["lan-nguwaosi","mudhun"]·KO["그리고-그것-이-그것들-을-지배했네","내려갔다","내려갔다-"]·PT["desceu","desceu-","e-dominou-eles"]·RU["и-покорил-их","спустился","спустился-"]·ES["bajó","y-los-dominó"]·SW["alishuka-","na-unashuka","walishuka"]·TR["indi","indi-","ve-egemen-oldu-ona"]·urd["اور-اُس-نے-قابو-کیا-اُن-پر","اُترا","اُترے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [רָדָה] vb. have dominion, rule, dominate (NH רָדָה, 𝔗Jon רְדָא, chastise; Arabic رَدَى tread, trample; Syriac ܪܕܳܐ chastise, also (and so Assyrian radû) go, flow);— Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְרָדוּ Is 14:2; Lv 26:17; 2 mpl. רְדִיתֶם Ez 34:4; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִרְדֶּנּוּ Lv 25:53, וַיִּרְדֶּ֑נָּה La 1:13, juss. וְיֵרְדְּ Nu 24:19 ψ 72:8; 2 ms. תִּרְדֶּה Lv 25:43, 46, etc.; Imv. ms. רְדֵה ψ…