H7015 H7015
Lamentation, dirge, funeral song — a mournful poem composed to bewail the dead or a catastrophe
This feminine noun denotes a formal poetic lament, typically composed in the distinctive qinah meter (3+2 stress pattern) that became the hallmark of biblical dirge poetry. David's lament over Saul and Jonathan (2 Sam 1:17) is introduced with this word. Ezekiel receives special command to 'raise a qinah' over Tyre (27:2), Egypt (32:2), and Israel's princes (19:1). Jeremiah calls women to learn and teach the dirge (Jer 9:19). The term appears alongside words for mourning (evel) and wailing (nehi), situating it firmly within Israel's rich tradition of ritual grief.
Senses
1. lamentation, dirge, funeral song — A formal dirge or funeral song, characterized by the qinah rhythm of uneven half-lines (3+2 beats). Used for laments over the dead (2 Sam 1:17, David over Saul) and prophetic funeral songs over nations and cities. Ezekiel is repeatedly commanded to 'lift up a qinah' (Ezek 19:1; 26:17; 27:2; 28:12; 32:2). Jeremiah pairs it with weeping (Jer 9:10) and calls mourning women to teach it (9:19). Spanish 'lamentación/lamento' and French 'lamentation' preserve the formal tone. 18×
AR["إِلَى-مَرْثَاةٍ", "الْمَرَاثِي", "بِهٰذِهِ-الْمَرْثِيَةِ", "رِثَاءً", "فِي-مَرَاثِيهِمْ", "لِـ-مَرْثِيَةٍ", "مَراثٍ", "مَرْثاةً", "مَرْثَاةً", "مَرْثَاةٌ", "مَرْثِيَةً", "مَرْثِيَةٌ"]·ben["-বিলাপের", "এই-বিলাপ", "তাদের-বিলাপে", "বিলাপ", "বিলাপগীতি", "বিলাপগীতির-জন্য।", "বিলাপে", "শোকগাথা"]·DE["Klagegesang", "[לקינה]", "[קינה]", "der-lamentation"]·EN["a-dirge", "a-lamentation", "for-lamentation", "in-their-laments", "into-lamentation", "lamentation", "lamentations", "the-Laments", "the-lamentation"]·FR["[בקינותיהם]", "[הקינות]", "lamentation", "le-lamentation"]·heb["ב-קינותיהם-ם", "ה-קינה", "ה-קינות", "ל-קינה", "קינה", "קינות"]·HI["उनके-विलापों-में", "में-विलाप", "विलाप", "विलाप-के-लिए", "विलापगीत", "विलापों-की", "शोकगीत"]·ID["Ratapan", "dalam-ratapan-ratapan-mereka", "nyanyian-duka", "ratapan", "ratapan,", "ratapan-ratapan", "ratapan."]·IT["[בקינותיהם]", "[הקינות]", "canne", "il-lamentation", "lamento"]·jav["Israel", "Kidung-ratapan", "dados-kidung-ratap", "dados-ratapan", "ing-kidung-pangumbèng-ipun", "kidung-pangumbèng", "kidung-ratap", "kidung-ratapan", "kidung-ratapan.", "ratapan", "tangisan"]·KO["그-애가", "그-애가들", "애가라", "애가로", "애가를", "애가이다", "애곡들", "애곡을", "에-그들의-애가들", "으로-애가"]·PT["Lamentação", "a-lamentação", "as-Lamentações", "como-lamentação", "em-lamentação", "em-suas-lamentações", "endecha", "lamentação", "lamentações"]·RU["в-плач", "в-плачах-своих", "для-плача", "плач", "плачах", "плачи", "сетование", "сетованию"]·ES["Lamentación", "Lamento", "en-lamento", "en-sus-lamentaciones", "endecha", "la-lamentación", "lamentación", "lamento", "lamentos", "las-lamentaciones", "para-lamento"]·SW["Maombolezo", "bּkiynwoteyhem", "hakiּynwot", "kilio", "kuwa-maombolezo", "maombolezo"]·TR["ağıt", "ağıt-olarak", "ağıta", "ağıtlar", "ağıtların", "ağıtlarında"]·urd["اپنے-نوحوں-میں", "مرثیہ", "مرثیہ-کے-طور-پر", "نوحہ", "نوحہ-گیتوں", "نوحے", "نوحے-میں"]
2 Sam 1:17, 2 Chr 35:25, 2 Chr 35:25, Jer 7:29, Jer 9:10, Jer 9:20, Ezek 2:10, Ezek 19:1, Ezek 19:14, Ezek 19:14, Ezek 26:17, Ezek 27:2 (+6 more)
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)H6944 3. holy things, sacred offerings (plural) (86×)H3722a 1. make ritual atonement (Piel) (85×)H6912 1. bury (Qal active) (82×)H6419 1. pray (Hitpael) (80×)H6944 4. holiness (with possessive pronoun) (77×)H6942 1. sanctify, consecrate (Piel factitive) (76×)H2930a 1. Qal: be/become unclean (75×)H7819a 1. slaughter an animal (Qal active) (72×)H1486 1. lot (object cast for decisions) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. קִינָה n.f. elegy, dirge;—abs. ק׳ 2 S 1:17 +; pl. קִינִים Ez 2:10 (but read קינה Co—not Berthol Toy Krae), קִינוֹת 2 Ch 35:25; sf. קִינוֹתֵיהֶם v 25;—elegy, dirge 2 S 1:17; Ez 19:14(×2); 32:16, pl. 2 Ch 35:25; sg. ‖ אֵבֶל Am 8:10, ‖ הֶגֶה וָהִי Ez 2:10, נשׂא ק׳ Je 7:29, c. עַל for, Am 5:1; Je 9:9; Ez 26:17; 27:2; 28:12; 32:2; c. אֶל Ez 19:1; 27:32; למּד ק׳ Je 9:19 (‖ נֶהִי); pl. as…