H6937 H6937
To grow dark, mourn in gloom, or cause darkness; of skies blackening, persons grieving, or God darkening the heavens
Qadar moves between the literal darkening of skies and the emotional darkness of grief. When Elijah's servant saw the heavens grow black with clouds (1 Kgs 18:45), the same verb described the scene as when Jeremiah walked in gloom under the weight of prophetic sorrow (Jer 8:21). Spanish 'oscurecer' and 'enlutado,' French 'obscurcir' and 'être sombre,' and German 'trauern' all reflect this dual register. In Ezekiel, God himself becomes the agent who darkens sun and stars in judgment — a causative escalation from the basic intransitive sense.
1. to grow dark, be darkened — To become dark or blackened, said of the physical world — the sky clouding over (1 Kgs 18:45, Jer 4:28), heavenly bodies losing light (Joel 2:10, 4:15), skin turning dark (Job 30:28), or turbid waters (Job 6:16). The Qal and Hithpael forms describe an intransitive process. Multilingual glosses consistently use 'darken/oscurecer/obscurcir' for these natural phenomena. 8×
AR["أَظْلَما","اسْوَدَّتْ","المُعْتِمَةُ","اِسْوَدَّتْ","حالِكاً","وَ-تُظْلِمُ","وَ-يَظْلِمُ"]·ben["অন্ধকার-হয়েছে","অন্ধকার-হল","এবং-অন্ধকার-হবে","কালো-হয়ে","কালো-হয়েছে","যারা-অন্ধকার-হয়েছে"]·DE["[וקדרו]","[קדרו]","grew-dark","und-verdunkelt","verdunkelt"]·EN["and-shall-be-dark","and-will-be-dark","darkened","grew-dark","grow-dark","they-sit-in-gloom","which-are-dark"]·FR["[וקדרו]","[קדרו]","et-obscurcir","grandit-dark","le-être-sombre","obscurcir","être-sombre"]·heb["ה-קודרים","התקדרו","ו-קדר","ו-קדרו","קָדרוּ","קדרו","קדרוּ","קודר"]·HI["अंधेरे-होनेवाले","और-अंधेरा-होगा","काला","काले-पड़-गए","काले-हो-गए"]·ID["Muram","Yang-keruh","dan-akan-menjadi-gelap","dan-menjadi-gelap","gelap","menjadi-gelap","menjadi-gelap,"]·IT["crebbe-dark","darkened","e-oscurarsi","il-which-are-dark","oscurarsi","si-oscurano"]·jav["Cemeng","dadi-peteng","dados-peteng","ingkang-peteng","lan-peteng","peteng"]·KO["그들이-어두워졌다","그리고-어두울-것이다","그리고-어두워지리라","어두워졌다","어두워지고","어두워지는-것들-은","어둡게"]·PT["Escurecido","e-escurecerá","e-escurecerão","enegrecem","escureceram","os-turvos"]·RU["и-потемнеет","и-потемнеют","померкли","помрачены","потемнели","темнеющие","чёрный"]·ES["Los-que-se-oscurecen","Oscurecido","se-oscurecen","se-oscurecieron","y-se-oscurecerá","y-se-oscurecerán"]·SW["mweusi","na-litatiwa-giza","na-zitakuwa-giza","vimekuwa-giza","vyenye-giza","yameota-giza","zikaenea-giza"]·TR["Karararak","karanlaşanlar","karardı","karardılar","kararıdılar","ve-kararacak","ve-kararacaklar"]·urd["اور-سیاہ-ہو-گا","اور-سیاہ-ہوں-گے","جو-سیاہ-ہوتے-ہیں","سیاہ","سیاہ-ہو-جاتے-ہیں","سیاہ-ہو-گئے","سیاہ-ہو-گیا"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
2. to mourn, be gloomy — To mourn, go about in gloom, or assume the disheveled appearance of a mourner. The darkened face and neglected garments of grief underlie this metaphorical extension (cf. Ps 35:14, 38:6, 42:9, 43:2). Spanish 'enlutado,' French 'être sombre,' and German 'in Trauer' all capture the mourning register. Jeremiah 8:21 poignantly combines emotional and physical darkness. 6×
AR["اِكْتَأَبْتُ","حَزينًا","وَالحَزِينينَ"]·ben["অন্ধকার","আমি-অন্ধকার-পরেছি","এবং-শোকার্তদের","শোকাচ্ছন্ন","শোকার্ত"]·DE["[קדרתי]","in-gloom","in-mourning","und-verdunkelt"]·EN["I-mourn","and-the-mourners","in-gloom","in-mourning"]·FR["[קדרתי]","et-être-sombre","s'obscurcir"]·heb["ו-קודרים","קדרתי","קודר"]·HI["उदास","और-शोकित","मैं-शोक-में-हूँ","शोक","शोक-करता-हुआ"]·ID["aku-berkabung","dan-yang-berkabung"]·IT["e-e-il-mourners","oscurarsi","oscuro'"]·jav["Kula-sedhih","lan-ingkang-sedhih","sedhih"]·KO["그리고-애통하는-자들이","내가-슬퍼하였다","슬퍼하며","슬프게"]·PT["Enlutei-me","e-enlutados","enlutado","entenebrecido"]·RU["и-скорбящих","мрачный","омрачён-я"]·ES["enlutado","estoy-enlutado","y-a-los-enlutados"]·SW["mwenye-huzuni","na-wanaoomboleza","nimeomboleza"]·TR["karardım","kederle","ve-yaslı-olanlar","yas-tutarak"]·urd["افسردہ-ہوں","اور-غمگین","اُداس"]
3. to cause darkness, darken — To cause darkness, to darken something — the Hiphil causative form. Used exclusively of God's judgment in Ezekiel (31:15, 32:7-8), where the Lord actively darkens the heavens, sun, moon, and stars over Egypt. The shift from intransitive to causative underscores divine sovereignty over light itself. 3×
AR["أُظْلِمُهَا","وَأَظْلَمْتُ","وَأُظْلِمُ"]·ben["আমি-অন্ধকার-করব-তাদের","আর-আমি-অন্ধকার-করব","আর-আমি-অন্ধকার-করেছিলাম"]·DE["[אקדירם]","[ואקדר]","[והקדרתי]"]·EN["I-will-darken-them","and-I-made-dark","and-I-will-darken"]·FR["et-obscurcir","obscurcir"]·heb["אקדירם","ו-אקדיר","ו-הקדרתי"]·HI["आकाश","और-अंधेरा-किया-मैंने","मैं-अंधेरा-करूँगा"]·ID["Aku-menggelapkan","dan-Aku-menggelapkan"]·IT["e-oscurarsi","oscurarsi"]·jav["Kawula-badhe-damel-peteng","lan-Kawula-badhe-damel-peteng","lan-Kawula-damel-peteng"]·KO["그리고-어둡게-했다-내가","그리하여-내가-어둡게-하리라","내가-어둡게-하리라-그것들을"]·PT["e-enlutei","e-escurecerei","escurecerei"]·RU["и-омрачил","и-омрачу","омрачу"]·ES["e-hice-oscurecer","las-oscureceré","y-haré-oscurecer"]·SW["na-nilifanya-maombolezo","na-nitazifanya-kuwa-giza","nitavifanya-giza"]·TR["karartacağım","ve-karanlık-yaptım","ve-karartacağım"]·urd["اور-تاریک-کروں-گا","اور-تاریک-کیا-میں-نے","تاریک-کروں-گا-اُنہیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† קָדַר vb. be dark (dull-coloured, cf. Arabic قَذُرَ / قَذِرَ be dirty (on ذ = ד v. NöZMG xi (1886), 729); NH Hiph. (of face) shew gloom; 𝔗 J קְדַר be dark);— Qal Pf. consec. וְקָדַר Mi 3:6; 1 s. קָדַרְתִּי Je 8:21, etc.; Pt. קֹדֵר ψ 35:14 +; pl. קֹדְרִים Jb 5:11; 6:16;—be dark, of sky Je 4:28 (leaden-coloured, as with clouds, v. Hithp.), of sun and moon Jo 2:10; 4:15; fig. of lack of…