H6924b H6924b
eastward, toward the east — an adverbial directional form indicating orientation or movement toward the sunrise
Qidmah is the he-locale (directional) form of qedem ('east, ancient time'), functioning as an adverb meaning 'eastward' or 'toward the east.' Its 26 occurrences cluster heavily in boundary descriptions and ritual geography. In the Priestly legislation, the priest casts the crop of the sacrificial bird eastward beside the altar (Lev 1:16) and sprinkles blood seven times eastward before the mercy seat on the Day of Atonement (Lev 16:14). The tribal camp arrangement places Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun on the east side of the tabernacle (Num 2:3; 3:38). In boundary lists, the term orients border descriptions from the Dead Sea and Jordan valley (Num 34:3, 10-11; Josh 15:5; 18:20). Abraham sent his concubines' sons qidmah — 'eastward, to the land of the east' (Gen 25:6). Elijah fled eastward to the brook Cherith (1 Kgs 17:3). Ezekiel's visionary temple faces eastward (Ezek 8:16; 45:7).
Senses
1. eastward, toward the east — The directional adverb 'eastward' or 'toward the east,' formed with the he-locale suffix on qedem. Used predominantly in Priestly boundary and camp descriptions (Num 2:3; 3:38; 34:3, 10-11; Josh 15:5; 18:20), sacrificial rubrics requiring eastward orientation (Lev 1:16; 16:14), and narrative directional notices (Gen 25:6; 1 Kgs 17:3). In Ezekiel's temple vision, the east-facing gate carries special theological weight (Ezek 8:16; 45:7). Spanish 'al oriente' and French 'est' capture the straightforward directional sense. 26×
AR["الشَّرْقِ", "شَرْقاً", "شَرْقًا"]·ben["পূর্ব", "পূর্ব-দিকে", "পূর্বদিকে", "পূর্বে", "পূর্বে।", "পূর্বের"]·DE["Osten", "[קדמה]", "eastward"]·EN["east", "eastward"]·FR["[קדמה]", "eastward", "est", "vers-l'est"]·heb["קדמ-ה", "קדמה", "קדמה-ה"]·HI["पूरब-की-ओर", "पूरब-में", "पूरव", "पूरव-की-ओर", "पूर्व", "पूर्व-ओर", "पूर्व-की-ओर"]·ID["di-sebelah-timur", "ke-timur", "sebelah-timur", "timur"]·IT["[קדמה]", "est", "verso-est", "verso-oriente"]·jav["mangetan", "mangwétan", "mangétan", "sisih-wétan", "wetan", "wétan"]·KO["동쪽", "동쪽-에", "동쪽-으로", "동쪽으로", "동쪽의"]·PT["a-oriente", "ao-oriente", "leste", "o-oriente", "oriente", "para-leste", "para-o-oriente"]·RU["востока", "восточная", "восточной", "к-востоку", "на-восток", "на-востоке", "с-востока"]·ES["al-oriente", "al-oriente:", "este", "hacia-el-oriente", "hacia-oriente", "oriente"]·SW["mashariki", "upande-wa-mashariki"]·TR["doğu", "doğuda", "doğunun", "doğuya", "tapanlar", "ve-yüzleri"]·urd["مشرق", "مشرق کی طرف", "مشرق-میں", "مشرق-کی-طرف", "مشرق-کے", "مشرقی"]
Related Senses
H8033 1. There (locative adverb) (835×)H7760a 1. put, place, set physically (444×)H8064 1. heavens / sky (329×)H5439 1. around, all around (spatial) (319×)H4057b 1. wilderness, desert region (270×)H3220 1. sea, body of water (269×)H0520a 1. cubit (unit of length) (246×)H0127 1. ground, land (territory) (210×)H3383 1. Jordan River (proper noun) (183×)G1093 1. earth, the world (176×)H5800a 1. forsake, abandon (Qal active) (166×)H8121 1. sun (celestial body) (133×)H7126 1. offer, present sacrificially (122×)H6828 1. north, cardinal direction (120×)H2351 1. outside, exterior space (119×)H5104 1. river, stream (119×)H7341 1. width, breadth (101×)G1563 1. there (95×)H7126 2. draw near, approach (95×)G2281 1. sea, large body of water (91×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [קֵ֫דֶם] c. ה loc. i. קִ֫דְמָה adv. eastward to, toward the East;—Gn 25:6 (J), Lv 1:16; 16:14; Nu 34:3, 11, 15; Jos 19:12, 13 (all P), 1 K 7:39 = 2 Ch 4:10; 1 K 17:3; 2 K 13:17; Ez 8:16(×2); + N, S, W, Gn 13:14; 28:14 (both J), Nu 2:3; 3:28; 10:5 (N, W, in 𝔊), 34:10 (all P); also as n. after פְּאַח = E. side, Ex 27:13; 38:13 (both P), + W Ez 45:7 (del. Co; read קֶדֶם Berthol Toy Krae), + N, S, W, Nu 35:5 Jos 18:20 so גְּבוּל ק׳ 15:5 (all P).