East and Sunrise

† מִזְרָח n.[m.] place of sunrise, east—abs. מ׳ Jos 11:3 + 21 times; cstr. מִזְרַח Nu 21:10 + 19 times, c. ה loc. מִזְרָ֫חָה Ex 27:13 + 28 times, cstr. מִזְרְחָה Dt 4:41 Jos 12:1 Ju 21:19 (not in Gn Lv Sa Ez etc.);— 1. sunrise, always of quarter of the heavens = east מ׳ (ה)שׁמשׁ Nu 21:11 (P), Dt 4:41, 47 Jos 1:15; 12:1; 13:5 (all D), 19:12, 27, 34 (all P), Ju 20:43; 21:19 2 K 10:33 Is 41:25; 45:6; 59:19, cf. מ׳ שׁמשׁ לארץ Ju 11:18; מִמִּז׳ שׁמשׁ וְעַד־מְבוֹאוֹ ψ 50:1; 113:3 Mal 1:11; more often 2. without שֶׁמֶשׁ: a. the east בִּרְחֹק מ׳ מִמַּעֲרָ֑ב ψ 103:12. b. מִמּ׳ from the east Is 41:2; 43:5 (opp. מִמַּעֲרָב), 46:11 Dn 11:44 (+ מִצָּפוֹן); מִמּ׳ וּמִמַּעֲרָ֑ב מִצָּפוֹן וּמִיָּם ψ 107:3. c. to or toward the place of sunrise, to the east, eastward: (1) מִזְרָ֫חָה Nu 32:19 (P), Dt 3:17, 27 (יָ֫מָּה וְצָפ֫וֹנָה וְתֵימָ֫נָה וּמ׳), 4:49 Jos 11:8; 16:1 (JE), 12:1, 3(×2); 13:8 (all D), v 27, 32; 16:5; 18:7; 20:8 (all P), 1 Ch 9:18; 26:14; ‖ קֵ֫דְמָה Nu 3:38 Jos 19:13 (both P) Je 31:40; ‖ צָפ֫וֹנָה, יָ֫מָּה, נֶ֫גְבָּה 1 K 7:25, cf. Jos 16:6 (P) 1 Ch 26:17; + קֵ֫דְמָה Ex 27:13; 38:13 Nu 2:3; 34:15 (all P); מִקֶּדֶם Zc 14:4 (opp. יָ֫מָּה); (2) מִזְרָח (without ה loc.), מ׳ יָ֫מָּה צָפ֫וֹנָה וָנֶ֫גְבָּה 1 Ch 9:24, cf. Ne 12:37; מ׳ לַמִּזְבֵּחַ 2 Ch 5:12; (3) לַמִּז׳ 1 Ch 5:9; 7:28 (opp. לַמַּעֲרָב) 12:16 (so Baer; v 15 van d. H.; opp. id.), 26:17 (+ לַצָּפ֫וֹנָה, לַנֶּ֫גְבָּה), Ne 3:26; לַמִּזְרָ֫חָה 2 Ch 31:14; (4) אֶל־הַמּ׳ Dn 8:9 (+ אֶל־הַנֶּגֶב, אֶל־הַצֶּ֑בִי); (5) מִיָּם עָד־יָם וּמִצָּפוֹן עַד־מִזְרָח Am 8:12. d. (on) the east side of, cstr. קְצֵה מִזְרַח יְרִיחוֹ Jos 4:19 (P); also c. לְמִזְרַח הַגָּ֑יְא לְ 1 Ch 4:39, לְ��׳ הַיַּרְדֵּן 6:63; c. מִן, מִמִּז׳ Jos 11:3 (opp. מִיָּם) cf. 17:10 (+ מִצָּפוֹן; both JE), also 16:6 (P). e. after a cstr. עַל־כָּל־פְּנֵי מ׳ לגלעד 1 Ch 5:10; רְחוֹב הַמּ׳ 2 Ch 29:4; שַׁעַר הַמּ׳ Ne 3:29; אֶרֶץ מ׳ Zc 8:7 (opp. ארץ מְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ).

קָדִים69 n.m. Ho 13:15 East, east wind;—abs. ק׳ Gn 41:6 +; c. ה loc. קָדִ֫ימָה Ez 11:1 +, קָדִ֫מָה 48:4 +;— †1. (apart from Ez) East, especially רוּחַ (הַ)קּ׳ wind of the East, east wind, often as violent and scorching, from desert on SE., = Arabic sirocco (شرقية eastern), cf. Dr Am 4:9: Ex 10:13(×2) (JE), 14:21 (J), Je 18:17 (sim.), Jon 4:8 ψ 48:8; also ק׳ (רוּחַ om.) = east wind Gn 41:6, 23, 27 (E), Ho 12:2; 13:15; Is 27:8; Jb 15:2; 27:21; 38:24 ψ 78:26.—קָדִימָה Hb 1:9 is dub., usually eastward, i.e. forward, but text prob. corrupt, cf. We Now Da, GASm proposes מַקְדִּים (v. also [מְגַמָּה] p. 169 supr.). 2. in Ez (52 times): a. East רוּחַ הַקּ׳ east wind 17:10; 19:12; 27:26; east side 42:16 (+ N, S, W); שַׁעַר הַקּ׳ 40:44 (+ N, S); פְּאַת ק׳ 47:18, + W 48:6, 7, 8, cf. v 1 (פ׳ ק׳ הַיָּם; but read מִפּ׳ ק׳ וְעַד פ׳ יָמָּה 𝔊 Co Toy al.), + N, S, W, v 16; דֶּרֶךְ הַקּ׳ i.e. toward the E. 40:10 + 7 times, מִדּ׳ הַקּ׳ 43:2; לַקּ׳ 40:23 eastward (+ N) 41:14; מֵהַקּ׳ 42:9 on the East. b. קָדִ֫ימָה = East: דֶּרֶךְ הַקּ׳ 40:6; גְּבוּל קָדִימָה 45:7; 48:21 (+ W); פְּאַת קָדִימָה 47:18, + W 48:3 + 8 times, + N, S, W, v 32. c. as adv. קָדִ֫ימָה eastward 11:1; 44:1; 47:1; + W 45:7 (del. Berthol Krae), 48:18, + N, S, W, v 10, 17; also (הַ)קָּדִים eastward 40:19; 43:17; 46:1, 12; 47:1, 3, + N v 2.

† קֶ֫דֶם n.[m.] front, east, aforetime;—abs. ק׳ Dt 33:27 +, קֶ֑דֶם Ju 8:10 +, cstr. קֶדֶם Pr 8:22; once pl. cstr. קַדְמֵי v 23;— 1. loc. a. front, מִקּ׳ Is 9:11 from the front (i.e. East), in front (opp. מֵאָחוֹר), אָחוֹר וָק׳ ψ 139:5 behind and before; ק׳ אֶהֱלֹךְ Jb 23:8 I go forward (opp. אָחוֹר). b. East: הַר־הַקּ׳ Gn 10:30 (J) mount of the East; בְּנֵי־ק׳ = dwellers in the E., tribes E. or NE. of Canaan Gn 29:1 (E), Ju 6:3, 33; 7:12; 8:10; 1 K 5:10; Is 11:14; Je 49:28; Ez 25:4, 10; Jb 1:3; הַרְרֵי ק׳ Nu 23:7, v. Di SachauReise (1883), 159 ff. 165 ff. Dr in Hastpethor; אֶרֶץ ק׳ Gn 25:6 (J); מָֽלְאוּ מִקֶּדֶם Is 2:6 they are full from the E. (ins. prob. קֶסֶם, מִקְסָם, or קֹסְמִים before מִקּ׳, cf. Lo De Du CheHpt. Di-Kit); elsewhere מִקּ׳ = eastward: (1) in the E. Gn 2:8; (2) on the E. (side) 12:8 (J) Zc 14:4; מִקּ׳ לְ on the E. of Gn 3:24 (J), 12:8 (J), Nu 34:11 (P), Jos 7:2 (JE), Ju 8:11; Ez 11:23; Jon 4:5; (3) eastward, c. vb. of motion Gn 11:2; 13:11 (both J). 2. temp., ancient time, aforetime: a. הַרְרֵי ק׳ Dt 33:15 ancient mts., cf. אֱלֹהֵי ק׳ v 27, מַלְכֵי־ק׳ Is 19:11, בִּשְׁמֵי שְׁמֵי־ק׳ ψ 68:34. b. בִּימֵי ק׳ ψ 44:2 in ancient days; cf. מִימֵי ק׳ from of old Is 23:7; Mi 7:20; La 1:7; 2:17, Is 37:26 = לְמִימֵי ק׳ 2 K 19:25 (v. מִן 9 b (2)); כִּימֵי ק׳ Is 51:9; Je 46:26; יַרְחֵי קֹ Jb 29:2 months of old. c. מִקּ׳ from of old Mi 5:1; Is 45:21; 46:10; Hb 1:12; Ne 12:46 ψ 74:12; 77:12; מִנִּי־ק׳ 78:2 springing out of, derived from, ancient times (cf. Dr); יָמִים מִקּ׳ 77:6; 143:5 days from of old. d. ק׳ alone, as adv. anciently, of old ψ 74:2; 119:152; כְּק׳ Je 30:20; La 5:21; ישֵׁב ק׳ ψ 55:20 he that sitteth (enthroned from) of old. e. beginning, מִקַּדְמֵי־אָ֑רֶץ Pr 8:23 from the beginnings of the earth; ק׳ מִפְעָלָיו Pr 8:22 the beginning of his works (‖ רֵאשִׁית).

† I. מוֹצָא n.m. Ho 6:3 place or act of going forth, issue, export, source, spring;—abs. מ׳ Jb 28:1 ψ 75:7; cstr. מ׳ Nu 30:13 + 9 times; מֹצָא Jb 38:27; Dn 9:25; sf. מוֹצָאֲךָ 2 S 3:25; מֹצָאוֹ Ho 6:3; מוֹצָאוֹ ψ 19:7; pl. cstr. מוֹצָאֵי Is 41:18 + 5 times; sf. מוֹצָאָיו Ez 43:11; מוֹצָאֵיהֶם Nu 33:2(×2); מוֹצָאֵיהֶן Ez 42:11;— 1. a going forth: a. the act, of י׳ Ho 6:3; of the sun = rising ψ 19:7 (v. יצא 1 f); of a man 2 S 3:25 (opp. מָבוֹא Kt); מ׳ דָּבָר Dn 9:25 going forth of a command. b. concrete, מוֹצָאֵי גּוֹלָה Ez 12:4 goings forth of exile, i.e. those going forth into exile (in sim.). c. way out, exit: concrete, of chambers in temple Ez 42:11; 43:11 (opp. מוֹבָאָיו); מוֹצָאֵי הַמִּקְדָּשׁ Ez 44:5 (opp. מְבוֹא הַבַּיִת). 2. that which goes forth: a. utterance of mouth or lips (especially of solemn or formal speech), מוֹצָא פִי־י׳ Dt 8:3; מ׳ שְׂפָתַי Je 17:16 ψ 89:35; so Dt 23:24 Nu 30:13 (P). b. export of horses 1 K 10:28 = 2 Ch 1:16. 3. place of going forth: a. source or spring of water 2 K 2:21 Is 58:11 (in sim.), ψ 107:33 (‖ נְהָרוֹת) v 35 (‖ אֲגַם־מים) = Is 41:18 (‖ id.); מוֹצָא מֵימֵי גִיחוֹן הָעֶלְיוֹן 2 Ch 32:30. b. place of departure of Israel on march Nu 33:2(×2) (P). c. מוֹצָא = east (place of sun’s going forth) ψ 75:7 (opp. מַעֲרָב); zeugmatically, 65:9 מוֹצָאֵי בֹּקֶר וָעֶרֶב i.e. the east and the west (cf. the two Orients, Qor 43:37). d. place whence silver comes = mine Jb 28:1; וּלְהַצְמִיחַ מֹצָא דֶשֶׁא 38:27 and to cause the growing-place (others, the growth) of young grass to sprout.

† [קֵ֫דֶם] c. ה loc. i. קִ֫דְמָה adv. eastward to, toward the East;—Gn 25:6 (J), Lv 1:16; 16:14; Nu 34:3, 11, 15; Jos 19:12, 13 (all P), 1 K 7:39 = 2 Ch 4:10; 1 K 17:3; 2 K 13:17; Ez 8:16(×2); + N, S, W, Gn 13:14; 28:14 (both J), Nu 2:3; 3:28; 10:5 (N, W, in 𝔊), 34:10 (all P); also as n. after פְּאַח = E. side, Ex 27:13; 38:13 (both P), + W Ez 45:7 (del. Co; read קֶדֶם Berthol Toy Krae), + N, S, W, Nu 35:5 Jos 18:20 so גְּבוּל ק׳ 15:5 (all P).

ἀνατολή, poetry ἀντ-, (ἀνατέλλω) rising above the horizon, of any heavenly body, e.g. the sun, frequently in plural, ἀντολαὶ ἠελίοιοRefs 8th c.BC+; distinct from ἐπιτολή (which see), Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 ={ἐπιτολή}, Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 the quarter of sunrise, east, opposed to δύσις, frequently in plural, ἀπὸ ἡλίου ἀνατολέωνNT+5th c.BC+ __3.b the ascendant, i.e. the point where the eastern horizon cuts the zodiac, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __3.c phase of new moon when Refs 4th c.AD+ __4 in plural, sources of a river, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II growing, of the teeth, Refs 4th c.BC+; of the white at the root of the nails, LXX+1st c.AD+

† I. קַדְמֹנִי adj. former, eastern (on format. v. LagBN 195 BaNB, § 227 d);—abs. ק׳ 1 S 24:14 (Gi v 13), Jo 2:20; -מוֹנִי Ez 10:19 +; mpl. קַדְמֹנִים Jb 18:20, -מוֹנִים Ez 38:17; fpl. קַדְמֹנִיּוֹת Is 43:18; Mal 3:4;— 1. former, ancient, יָמִים ק׳ Ez 38:17 former days; שָׁנִים ק׳ Mal 3:4 (‖ יְמֵי עוֹלָם): fpl. as n., former things Is 43:18 (‖ רִאשֹׁנוֹת); ms. as n. coll. מְשַׁל הַקַּדְמֹנִי 1 S 24:14 a proverb of the ancients. 2. eastern: of שַׁעַר Ez 10:19; 11:1, יָם (i.e. Dead Sea) 47:18 and (opp. הַיָּם הָאַחֲרוֹן) Zc 14:8; Jo 2:20; mpl. as n. Easterns, those of the E. (opp. W) Jb 18:20 (so Ew De Hi Di Bae Du; Vrss earlier and later, so Da al. [both future], Bu former generations [now in Sheʾôl], and future).

† אֻרִים n.[m.]pl. region of light, East Is 24:15 (so Ges MV Ew De Di RV; Lo Hi Kn Che read איים = coasts, so Cdd. 𝔊;—𝔊 mostly om. 𝔙 in doctrina, thinking of Urim, vid. BrMP 297).

† [קַדְמוֹן] adj. eastern;—fs. הַגְּלִילָה הַקַּדְמוֹנָה Ez 47:8 the eastern circuit.