2. break down, destroy — To break down or demolish, used metaphorically of destroying altars. In Hos 10:2 God will 'break down' (יַעֲרֹף) their altars, extending the concrete neck-breaking image to destruction of cultic objects. Arabic يَهدِمُ (demolish), Korean 부수리라 (will smash), Spanish romperá (will break), Hindi तोड़ेगा (will break). This represents a distinct metaphorical extension from the literal neck-breaking sense to general destructive action against inanimate objects, warranting separation as a distinct sense. 1×
AR["يَهدِمُ"]·ben["গলা-ভেঙে-দেবেন"]·DE["[יערף]"]·EN["will-break-down"]·FR["briser"]·heb["יערוף"]·HI["तोड़ेगा"]·IT["[יערף]"]·jav["nyuwil"]·KO["부수리라"]·PT["quebrará"]·RU["разрушит"]·ES["romperá"]·SW["atavunja"]·TR["kıracak"]·urd["توڑ-دے-گا"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. break the neck — To break the neck of an animal, a denominative verb from עֹרֶף (neck/nape). Used in the Qal stem for the ritual breaking of a donkey firstling's neck if not redeemed (Exod 13:13, 34:20), breaking the neck of a heifer in the unsolved murder ceremony (Deut 21:4), and the Qal passive participle 'neck-broken' for the heifer after the rite (Deut 21:6). Also used as a participial simile in Isa 66:3, where one who breaks a dog's neck is compared to one offering an abomination. Arabic consistently uses كسر (break), Spanish desnucar/quebrar cerviz (break the neck), Korean 목을 꺾다(snap the neck), Hindi गर्दन तोड़ना (break the neck). All clusters represent the same Qal sense of neck-breaking in various conjugations (perfect, imperfect, imperative, participle, passive participle). 5×
AR["الْمَكْسُورَةِ","فَ-اكسِر-عُنُقَهُ","كَاسِرُ","وَ-تَكْسِرُهُ","وَيَكْسِرُونَ-"]·ben["এবং-ঘাড়-ভাঙবে-তার","এবং-তার-ঘাড়-ভাঙবে","এবং-তারা-ঘাড়-ভাঙ্গবে-","ঘাড়-ভাঙাকারী","সেই-ঘাড়-ভাঙা"]·DE["Nacken","der-neck-gebrochen","und-du-soll-brechen-sein-neck","und-sie-soll-Umbruch-neck-"]·EN["and-they-shall-break-neck-","and-you-shall-break-its-neck","breaking-neck-of","the-neck-broken"]·FR["et-ils-devra-briser-cou-","et-tu---briser-son-cou","le-cou-brisé","nuque"]·heb["ה-ערופה","ו-ערפו-","ו-ערפתו","עורף"]·HI["और-तोड़ेंगे-","और-तोड़ोगे-गर्दन-उसकी","गर्दन-तोड़ने-वाला-की-तरह","तो-गर्दन-तोड़ेगा","तोड़ी-गई"]·ID["dan-patahkan-lehernya","dan-patahkanlah-leher-","maka-engkau-akan-mematahkan-lehernya","yang-dipatahkan-lehernya","yang-mematahkan-leher"]·IT["[ערף]","e-essi-dovra-rompere-neck-","e-tu-shall-rompere-suo-neck","il-neck-rotto"]·jav["ingkang-dipunnyukil-gulu","ingkang-mecah-gulu","lan-nyukil-gulu-","lan-panjenengan-badhé-nugel-gulunipun;","lan-panjenengan-medhot-gulunipun"]·KO["그리고-그의-목을-꿈어라","그리고-까리라-","그리고-목을-꺾을-것이다","깃이-께인","부러뜨리는-자이다"]·PT["de-pescoço-quebrado","e-quebrar-lhe-ás-o-pescoço;","e-quebrarás-pescoço-dele","e-quebrarão-o-pescoço-de-","quebra-pescoço-de"]·RU["-зарезанной","и-свернут-","и-свернёшь-шею-ему","и-сломаешь-шею-ему","ломающий-шею-"]·ES["como-si-desnucara","la-desnucada","y-desnucarás-lo","y-le-quebrarás-la-cerviz","y-quebrarán-el-cuello-"]·SW["aliyevunjwa-shingo","na-utamvunja-shingo","na-watamvunja-shingo-","ni-kama-anayevunja-shingo-ya"]·TR["boynu-kırılan","boyun-kıran","ve-boynunu-kır","ve-boynunu-kıracaksın","ve-kıracaklar-"]·urd["اور-گردن-توڑنا-اس-کی","اور-گردن-توڑیں-","تو-اُس-کی-گردن-توڑ-دے","گردن-توڑنے-والا","گردن-توڑی-ہوئی"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [עָרַף] vb. denom. break the neck of an animal;— Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. וַעֲרַפְתּוֹ consec. Ex 13:13; 34:20 (JE), 3 pl. וְעָֽרְפוּ־שָׁם אֶת־הָעֶגְלָה consec. Dt 21:4; Pt. act. עוֹרֵף כֶּלֶב Is 66:3; pass. הָעֲרוּפָה הָעֶגְלָה Dt 21:6; Impf. 3 ms. יַעֲרֹף Ho 10:2 fig. of breaking down altars.