H5526b H5526b
To cover, screen, or shelter (as the cherubim over the ark); in a distinct Piel stem, to incite or stir up conflict.
This verb carries two sharply different meanings rooted in what are likely separate homographic roots. In its dominant usage, it describes the act of covering or screening -- most memorably the cherubim spreading their wings over the ark of the covenant (Exod 25:20; 37:9), and God covering his people with protective shelter (Ps 140:7). Spanish Has cubierto and English 'You covered' capture this shielding action. A second, much rarer usage appears in Isaiah 9:11 and 19:2, where a Pilpel/reduplicated stem means 'to stir up' or 'to incite,' as when God sets Egyptians against Egyptians. The two senses share no semantic overlap.
Senses
1. to cover, screen, shelter — To cover, screen, or provide sheltering protection. The cherubim are said to cover the mercy seat with outstretched wings (Exod 25:20; 37:9), Moses screens the ark with a curtain (Exod 40:3, 21), and God covers the head of his servant in battle (Ps 140:7). Lamentations uses the same verb for God covering himself with a cloud so that prayer cannot pass through (Lam 3:44). Spanish cubierto and German Decke consistently reflect the 'covering' sense, whether protective or obstructive. 16×
AR["الْمُظِلِّلُ","تُظِلُّهُ","سَتَرْتَ","لِيُغَطِّيَ","مُظَلِّلَينِ","وَ-تَسْتُرُ","وَ-تُظِلُّ","وَ-سَتَرَ","وَ-غَطَّى","وَالْمُظَلِّلِينَ","يُظَلَِلُكَ","يُغَطِّي"]·ben["আচ্ছাদন-করা","আচ্ছাদন-করেছ","আচ্ছাদনকারী","আবৃত-করেছেন","আর-আচ্ছাদনকারীদের","এবং-আচ্ছাদন-করছিল","এবং-আবরণ-করলেন","এবং-তুমি-ঢাকবে","এবং-তুমি-ঢেকে-দাও","ঢাকছে","ঢাকতে","তাকে-আবৃত-করে","তিনি-আবৃত-করবেন"]·DE["Decke","[הסוכך]","[הסכך]","[וסככים]","[יסכהו]","[סכותה]","[סכתה]","covering","du-sheltered","er-wird-bedecken","und-du-ausgebreitet-protection","und-du-soll-bedecken","und-er-screened","und-sie-bedeckte","zu-bedecke"]·EN["You-covered","and-covering","and-he-screened","and-they-covered","and-you-shall-cover","and-you-spread-protection","cover-it","covering","he-will-cover","the-covering","to-cover","you-sheltered"]·FR["[וסככים]","[סכותה]","[סכתה]","couverture","couvrir","covering","et-couvrir","et-il-screened","et-ils-couvrit","et-tu---couvrir","à-couvre","יסכהו-lui"]·heb["ה-סוכך","ו-יסך","ו-סכות","ו-סככו","ו-סככים","ו-תסך","יסוכוהו","יסך","ל-הסך","מסיך","סוככים","סיכותה","סכותה"]·HI["उसे-ढकते-हैं","और-ढका","और-ढकेगा","और-ढाँपते-थे","और-ढांकते","और-तू-उनकी-रक्षा-करता-है","छाया-करने-वाला","छाया-करने-वाले","ढकने-वाले","ढाँप-रहा-है","ढाँपनेवाले","ढांकने-के-लिए","तूने-ढक-लिया","तूने-ढाका-है","वह-ढांकेगा"]·ID["Engkau-menaungi","Engkau-menyelimuti","Ia-akan-menutupi","Menutupinya","dan-Engkau-melindungi","dan-engkau-akan-menutup","dan-menaungi","dan-menutupi","menaungi","menudungi","menutupi","untuk-menutupi","yang-mengembangkan,","yang-mengembangkan;"]·IT["[הסוכך]","[הסכך]","[וסככים]","[סכותה]","[סכתה]","a-copri","copertura","copri'","cover-esso-suo","covering","e-copri'","e-egli-screened","e-essi-coprì","e-tu-shall-coprire"]·jav["Nutupi-piyambakipun","Panjenengan-ngatopi","Panjenengan-nutupi","Panjenenganipun-badhé-ngayomi","ingkang-nayubi","ingkang-nutupi","kangge-nutupi","lan-mayungi","lan-ngayomi","lan-nutupi","lan-tutupana","ngayomi","nutup","saha-Panjenengan-ngayomi"]·KO["가리고있다","가리셨나이다","가리우려고","그-덮는","그리고-가렸다","그리고-가리라","그리고-덮는-자들","그리고-덮었다","그리고-보호하소서","당신-이-덮으셨네","덮는-자들","덮는다-그것을","덮으시리라"]·PT["Cobrem-no","Cobriste-Te","cobrindo","cobriste","e-cobriam","e-cobrindo","e-cobrirás","e-cobriu","e-protege-os","para-cobrir","que-cobre","te-cobrirá"]·RU["Ты-покрыл","и-Ты-покроешь","и-закроешь","и-закрыл","и-покрывали","и-покрывающих","осеняющий","покроет","покрывает","покрывают-его","покрывающие","покрыл","покрыть"]·ES["Has-cubierto","Lo-cubren","Te-has-cubierto","a-cubrirse","cubriendo","cubriste","que-cubre","te-cubrirá","y-cubren","y-cubrieron","y-cubrirás","y-cubrió"]·SW["Umejifunika","anajisaidia","anayefunika","atakufunika","inamsitiri","kujisitiri","na-akafunika","na-kufunika","na-utafunika","na-uwalindie","na-wakafunika","umefunika","wakifunika"]·TR["-örtünmek-için","Kapladın","ve-koru","ve-örteceksin","ve-örtenler","ve-örttü","ve-örtüyorlardı","Örterler-onu","örtecek","örten","örtenler","örttün","örtüyor"]·urd["اور-تُو-چھا-جائے","اور-ڈھانپا","اور-ڈھانپنے-والیوں","اور-ڈھانپے-تھے","اور-ڈھانپےگا","تجھے-ڈھانپے-گا","تو-نے-چھتری-کیا","چھائے-ہوئے","ڈھانپ-دیا-تُو-نے","ڈھانپ-رہا-ہے","ڈھانپ-لیا-تُو-نے","ڈھانپتے-ہوئے","ڈھانپتے-ہیں-اُسے","ڈھانپنے-والا","ڈھانپنے-والے","ڑھانپنے-کو"]
Exod 25:20, Exod 37:9, Exod 40:3, Exod 40:21, Judg 3:24, 1 Sam 24:3, 1 Kgs 8:7, 1 Chr 28:18, Job 40:22, Ps 5:11, Ps 91:4, Ps 140:7 (+4 more)
2. to incite, stir up — To incite, stir up, or set at odds -- a semantically unrelated meaning from what appears to be a distinct homographic root (often classified as סכך II in a Pilpel or reduplicated form). In Isaiah 19:2, God declares 'I will stir up Egyptians against Egyptians,' and Isaiah 9:11 uses it of the LORD inciting adversaries. Spanish enfrentaré ('I will set against') captures the confrontational force well. This sense has no connection to covering or sheltering. 2×
AR["وَأُهَيِّجُ","يُحَرِّضُ"]·ben["ও-উসকিয়ে-দেব","তিনি-মিশাবেন"]·DE["[וסכסכתי]","[יסכסך]"]·EN["and-I-will-stir-up","he-incites"]·FR["[וסכסכתי]","[יסכסך]"]·heb["ו-סיכסכתי","יסכסך"]·HI["उकसाएगा","और-भड़काऊँगा"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-mengadukan","Dia-menghasut"]·IT["[וסכסכתי]","[יסכסך]"]·jav["Panjenenganipun-badhé-ngosok-aken","lan-kawula-ngojok-ojoki"]·KO["그리고-선동하리니","선동하시리라"]·PT["E-incitarei","incitará"]·RU["возбудит","и-стравлю"]·ES["Y-enfrentaré","incitará"]·SW["Na-nitawachochea","atawachochea"]·TR["Ve-kiskirttim","kusturdu"]·urd["اور-بھڑکاؤں-گا","بھڑکایا"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [סָכַךְ] vb. overshadow, screen, cover (‖ √ to I. שׂכך (which is prob. orig., cf. Arabic شَكَّ, and Frä90); NH הֵסֵיךְ cover, and perhaps סִכֵּךְ roof over);— Qal Pf. only 2 ms. סַכֹּ֫תָ Ex 40:3, סַכֹּ֫תָה La 3:43, 44, סַכּ֫וֹתָה ψ 140:8; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיָּסֹ֫כּוּ 1 K 8:7, sf. יְסֻכֻּ֫הוּ Jb 40:22; Pt. act. סוֹכֵךְ Ez 28:14, 16, pl. סֹכֲכִים Ex 25:20 + 2 times;— 1. screen, cover, usually c.…