H5509 H5509
Dross or slag; the impure residue removed from metal during smelting, used figuratively of moral impurity and unfaithfulness.
Refers to the waste material separated from precious metals during the refining process. The prophets employed this metallurgical image powerfully: Isaiah declares that Jerusalem's silver has become dross (Isa 1:22), and Ezekiel pictures the whole house of Israel as dross in God's furnace (Ezek 22:18-19). Proverbs uses it both literally, describing the removal of dross to purify silver (Prov 25:4), and figuratively, comparing insincere words to a potsherd glazed with silver dross (Prov 26:23). Spanish 'escoria' and French 'scorie' preserve the same smelting imagery found across ancient and modern languages.
Senses
1. dross, impurity of metals — The impure residue or slag left over when metal, especially silver, is refined by fire. All nine occurrences carry this core metallurgical meaning, though most are deployed figuratively. In Proverbs 25:4 dross is literally separated from silver, while in Isaiah 1:22, 25 and Ezekiel 22:18-19 dross becomes a devastating image for God's wayward people who will be gathered into a furnace of judgment. The Psalms passage (Ps 119:119) likens the wicked to dross that God discards from the land. 9×
AR["[قرأ]", "الزَّبَدَ", "خَبَثُ", "زَبَدًا", "زَبَدٌ", "زَبَدَكِ", "كَالزُّبَالَةِ"]·ben["-খাদে", "[ketiv]", "খাদ", "খাদ-রূপে", "খাদের", "তোমার-খাদ", "মল", "মৈল"]·DE["[לסגים]", "[לסוג]", "[לסיג]", "[לסיגים]", "[סגים]", "[סיגיך]", "[סיגים]", "dross"]·EN["dross", "dross-of", "for-dross", "your-dross"]·FR["[לסיגים]", "[סיגיך]", "scorie"]·heb["ל-סיג", "ל-סיגים", "סיגייך", "סיגים"]·HI["(मैल-के-लिए)", "[मैल-के-लिए]", "तेरा-मैल", "मैल", "मैल-की", "मैल-के-लिए"]·ID["Seperti-sanga", "[sanga]", "kotoran", "sanga", "sangamu"]·IT["[לסגים]", "[לסוג]", "[לסיג]", "[לסיגים]", "[סגים]", "[סיגיך]", "dross"]·jav["Kados-tahi-logam", "[kotoran]", "endut", "kotoran", "tain-logam", "tain-logam-panjenengan"]·KO["기지가로", "네-찌꺼기를", "찌기-의", "찌기들이다", "찌기로", "찌기를", "찌꺼기-같이", "찌꺼기가"]·PT["Como-escória", "em-escória", "escória", "escória-de", "escórias", "escórias-tuas", "para-escória"]·RU["Шлаком", "все", "вы", "шлак", "шлак-твой", "шлака", "шлаком"]·ES["(escoria)", "Escoria", "en-escoria", "escoria", "escoria-de", "tu-escoria"]·SW["kama-takataka", "takataka", "takataka-yako", "ya-takataka"]·TR["[k]", "curuf", "curufu", "curufunu", "cüruf-gibi", "posası", "posayı"]·urd["(میل)", "[میل]", "تیرا-میل", "میل", "میل-میں", "میل-کی-طرح"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† סִיג, שִׂיג n.[m.] 1. a moving back or away; 2. dross (what is removed from metal);—abs. סִיג Ez 22:18 Qr (סוג Kt), שִׂיג 1 K 18:27 (שׂ for ס, but v. infr.); pl. סִיגִים (van d. H. סִגִּים) Is 1:22 + 3 times; סִגִֿים Ez 22:18 + 2 times; sf. סִינָ֑יִךָ Is 1:25;— 1. a moving back, away: שִׂיג לוֹ 1 K 18:27 om. 𝔊L, dittogr. for שִׂיחַ Klo Bur. there is a moving back to him = he has moved back,…