H5481 H5481
bagpipe, double pipe; a wind instrument in Nebuchadnezzar's orchestra
This is another musical instrument in the royal orchestra of Daniel 3, likely a wind instrument such as a bagpipe, double pipe, or Pan's pipe. The term is a loanword from late Greek συμφωνία, which gives us modern words like "symphony." The word appears with textual variants: ketiv has סִימְפּוֹן or סִיפְנְיָה in some verses, while qere reads סוּפֹּנְיָה or סוּמְפֹּנְיָה. The instrument reflects Hellenistic cultural influence in the Neo-Babylonian period.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A wind instrument, likely a bagpipe or double pipe, part of the royal musical ensemble in Daniel 3. The term appears four times (Dan 3:5, 10, 10, 15) with textual variants between ketiv and qere: [וסיפניה] (ketiv), [וסופניה] (qere), [וסומפניה]. Transliterations are consistent: "bagpipe" (English), "gaita" (Spanish), with many translations bracketing the variants to show the ketiv/qere distinction. The Greek loanword συμφωνία suggests cultural interchange between Hellenistic and Near Eastern musical traditions. The instrument adds to the cosmopolitan atmosphere of Nebuchadnezzar's court. 4×
AR["(وَ-السُّمْفُونِيَّةِ)", "[وَ-السُّمْفُونِيَّةِ]", "السُّمْفُونِيَّةِ", "وَ-السُّمْفُونِيَّةِ"]·ben["(এবং-কর্তালের)", "[এবং-কর্তালের]", "এবং-কর্তালের", "কর্তালের"]·DE["[וסומפניה]", "[וסופניה]", "[וסיפניה]", "[סומפניה]"]·EN["(qere:and-bagpipe)", "[ketiv:and-bagpipe]", "and-bagpipe", "bagpipe"]·FR["[וסומפניה]", "[וסופניה]", "[וסיפניה]", "[סומפניה]"]·heb["ו-סומפוניה", "ו-סופוניה", "סומפוניה"]·HI["और-सुम्पोन्याह", "सुम्पोन्याह"]·ID["[dan-serdam]", "dan-serdam", "serdam"]·IT["[וסומפניה]", "[וסופניה]", "[וסיפניה]", "[סומפניה]"]·jav["(lan-simfoni)", "[lan-simfoni]", "lan-simfoni", "simfoni"]·KO["그리고-풍금의", "풍금의"]·PT["[e-gaita-de-foles]", "e-gaita-de-foles", "gaita-de-foles"]·RU["(и-симфонии)", "[и-симфонии]", "и-симфонии", "симфонии"]·ES["(y-la-gaita)", "[y-la-gaita]", "la-gaita", "y-la-gaita"]·SW["(na-zeze)", "[na-zeze]", "na-zeze", "zeze"]·TR["(ve-tulum-zurnasının)", "[ve-tulum-zurnasının]", "tulum-zurnasının", "ve-tulum-zurnasının"]·urd["اور-طبلہ", "طبلہ"]
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H3658 1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) (42×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† סוּמְפֹּנְיָה n.f. bag-pipe, or double pipe or Pan’s pipe (v. GFMJBL, 1905, 166 ff.) (NH LevyNHWB iii. 492; NH Aramaic סִימְפּוֹן is tube, especially vein, artery Idib. 513; loan-word from (late) Gk. συμφωνία, Krauss ii. 376, 390 Bev 41 Dr Dn 3:5 NesMM 37 (hence also later Lat. symphonia, Ital. zampogna), PrinceEB 3230);—abs. ס׳ Dn 3:5, 15, = סיפניה Kt, סוּפֹּנְיָה Qr v 10 (Syriac ܨܦܽܘܢܝܳܐ id.; cf. Palm. ספון = σύμφωνος, in agreement, Lzb 330 GACookeInscr. 338).