H5480 H5480
To anoint or smear with oil, whether for personal grooming, ceremonial preparation, or as a sign of mourning's end.
Unlike the more solemn mashach (used for consecrating kings and priests), this verb describes the everyday and personal act of rubbing oil on the body. Naomi tells Ruth to wash and anoint herself before approaching Boaz (Ruth 3:3). David rises from mourning, washes, and anoints himself (2 Sam 12:20). The woman of Tekoa is told to act like a mourner who has not anointed herself (2 Sam 14:2). Deuteronomy 28:40 warns of a curse so severe that one will grow olives but never anoint. Daniel abstains from anointing during his three-week fast (Dan 10:3). In Ezekiel 16:9, God tenderly recounts anointing Jerusalem as an act of care. Spanish 'ungir' and French 'oindre' both preserve the distinction from royal anointing.
Senses
1. anoint, smear with oil — To anoint or smear oneself (or another) with oil, typically as part of personal grooming or as a cultural marker of well-being versus mourning. The action is reflexive in most occurrences: Ruth anoints herself for her encounter with Boaz (Ruth 3:3), David anoints himself after ending mourning (2 Sam 12:20), and Daniel abstains from anointing during his fast (Dan 10:3). Deuteronomy 28:40 and Micah 6:15 use the inability to anoint as a covenant curse. Ezekiel 16:9 uniquely presents God as the one who anoints, portraying divine care for Jerusalem. Spanish 'ungir/untar' and French 'oindre' reflect the ordinary, non-sacral register that distinguishes this verb from mashach. 9×
AR["ادَّهَنْتُ", "تَدهَني", "تَدَّهِنُ", "تَدْهُنُ", "وَ-تَدَهَّنِي", "وَ-دَهَنُوهُمْ", "وَ-دَهْنًا", "وَادَّهَنَ", "وَمَسَحْتُكِ"]·ben["আর-অভিষেক-করলাম-তোমাকে", "এবং-তুমি-তেল-মাখবে", "এবং-তেল", "এবং-তেল-মাখলেন", "ও-তেল-মাখাল-তাদের", "তুমি-মাখবে", "মাখো", "মেখেছিলাম"]·DE["[ואסכך]", "[ויסכום]", "[וסוך]", "[וסכת]", "[סכתי]", "[תסוך]", "du-salben", "salbe-dich-selbst", "und-er-salbte-sich-selbst"]·EN["I-anointed-myself", "and-I-anointed-you", "and-anoint-yourself", "and-anointing", "and-he-anointed-himself", "and-they-anointed-them", "anoint", "anoint-yourself", "you-anoint"]·FR["[ויסכום]", "et-il-oignit-lui-même", "et-oindre", "et-oindre-toi-même", "oindre", "oins-toi-même", "tu-oindre"]·heb["ו-אסוכך", "ו-יסך", "ו-יסכום-ם", "ו-סיכה", "ו-סכת", "סכתי", "תסוך", "תסוכי"]·HI["और-तेल", "और-तेल-मला-उनको", "और-तेल-लगाना", "और-तेल-लगाया", "और-मला-तुझे-मैंने", "तू-चुपड़ेगा", "मल", "लगाया-मैंने", "लेपेगा"]·ID["akan-meminyaki", "aku-lakukan", "dan-Aku-mengurapi-engkau", "dan-berminyaklah", "dan-meminyaki-diri", "dan-mengurapi", "dan-mengurapi-mereka", "engkau-mengoles", "mengurapi"]·IT["[ואסכך]", "[ויסכום]", "[וסוך]", "[סכתי]", "[תסוך]", "e-egli-unse-sé-stesso", "e-ungere-te-stesso", "tu-ungere", "ungi-te-stesso"]·jav["badhé-ngosok", "jejakahana", "kula-ngangge", "lan-Aku-njebadi-panjenengan", "lan-jebadan", "lan-minyak-wangi", "lan-njebadi", "lan-sami-jebadi-piyambakipun", "panjenengan-ngangge"]·KO["그리고-기름-바르게-했다-그들을", "그리고-기름-바르고", "그리고-기름을-바름이", "그리고-내가-바른다-너를", "바르지", "바르지-못하리라", "바를지-않으리라", "발랐노라"]·PT["e-ungi-te", "e-ungir-me", "e-ungir-te-ás", "e-ungiram-os", "e-ungiu-se", "me-ungi", "te-ungirás", "te-unjas", "ungirás"]·RU["и-помазал-Я-тебя", "и-помазали-их", "и-помазался", "и-помазанием", "и-умасти", "помажешься", "помажься", "помазывался-я"]·ES["me-ungí", "te-ungirás", "te-unjas", "y-los-ungieron", "y-se-ungió", "y-te-ungirás", "y-te-ungí", "y-ungir"]·SW["akajipaka-mafuta", "jipaka", "kujipaka", "na-mafuta", "na-nikakupaka", "na-ujipake-mafuta", "na-wakawapaka-mafuta", "nilijipaka", "utajipaka"]·TR["süreceksin", "sürün", "ve-meshediler", "ve-yağlamak", "ve-yağlanacaksın", "ve-yağlandı", "yağlanacaksın", "yağlandım", "üzerinden"]·urd["اور-تیل", "اور-تیل-لگا", "اور-تیل-ملا-اُنہیں", "اور-مسح-کیا", "اور-مَیں-نے-تیل-ملا-تجھے", "لگا", "ملا-میں-نے", "ملے-گا", "ملےگا"]
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)H6944 3. holy things, sacred offerings (plural) (86×)H3722a 1. make ritual atonement (Piel) (85×)H6912 1. bury (Qal active) (82×)H6419 1. pray (Hitpael) (80×)H6944 4. holiness (with possessive pronoun) (77×)H6942 1. sanctify, consecrate (Piel factitive) (76×)H2930a 1. Qal: be/become unclean (75×)H7819a 1. slaughter an animal (Qal active) (72×)H1486 1. lot (object cast for decisions) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [סוּךְ, סִיךְ] vb. pour in anointing, anoint (NH Aramaic סוּךְ anoint);— Qal Pf. 2 fs. וָסַכְתְּ consec. Ru 3:3; 1 s. סָ֑כְתִּי Dn 10:3; Impf. 2 ms. תָּסוּךְ Dt 28:40 Mi 6:15; 2 fs. תָּסוּכִי 2 S 14:2; 1 s. sf. וָאֲסֻכֵֿךְ Ez 16:9; 3 mpl. sf. וַיְסֻכוּם 2 Ch 28:15; also (prob.) 3 ms. וַיָּ֫סֶךְ 2 S 12:20 (Ges§ 73 f.); Inf. abs. סוֹךְ Dn 10:3; appar. Impf. pass. is יִיסָ֔ךְ read יוסך Sam.…