H5405 H5405
to be dry, parched; dried up through lack of moisture or vitality
This verb describes being thoroughly dried up or parched. Isaiah 41:17 portrays the desperate poor whose 'tongue is parched with thirst'—extreme dehydration as metaphor for spiritual need. Isaiah 19:5 warns that 'water shall be dried up from the sea'—the Nile failing, Egypt's lifeline evaporating. Jeremiah 51:30 uses it metaphorically: Babylon's warriors find 'their might has dried up'—courage and strength evaporating before the enemy. The Niphal stem emphasizes the passive state of being dried out, whether physically (water, tongue) or figuratively (strength failing like moisture departing).
Senses
1. sense 1 — Two Isaiah passages employ literal drying: tongues parched from thirst (41:17) and the Nile's waters drying up (19:5)—both depicting devastating shortage. Jeremiah's usage turns physical to metaphorical: warrior strength 'drying up' like water sources failing, courage evaporating in crisis. Multilingual glosses distinguish contexts: 'ha-fallado' (has failed), 'desfallece' (faints/fails), 'se-agotará' (will be exhausted). The common image is vital fluid or force diminishing to nothing—whether literal dehydration or metaphorical loss of vitality, the result is helpless depletion. 3×
AR["جَفَّ", "نَضَبَتْ", "وَيَيْبَسُ"]·ben["ও-শুকিয়ে-যাবে", "শুকিয়ে-গেছে", "শেষ-হয়েছে"]·DE["[ויבש]", "[נשתה]"]·EN["and-dry", "has-dried-up", "is-parched"]·FR["[ויבש]", "[נשתה]"]·heb["ו-ייבש", "נשתה"]·HI["और-सूख-जाएगी", "छिन-गया-है", "सूख-गई"]·ID["dan-kering", "habis", "kering"]·IT["[ויבש]", "[נשתה]"]·jav["garing", "lan-asat", "sampun-ical"]·KO["그리고-바싹되리라", "마르다", "말랐느니라"]·PT["e-ficará-seco", "ressecou", "secou-se"]·RU["и-высохнет", "иссох", "иссякла"]·ES["desfallece", "ha-fallado", "y-se-agotará"]·SW["imekauka", "na-kukauka", "umekauka"]·TR["kurudu", "kuruyor", "ve-kupkuru-olacak"]·urd["اور-خشک-ہو-جائے-گا", "خشک-ہو-گئی", "سوکھ-گئی"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נָשַׁת vb. be dry, parched;— Qal Pf. 3 fs. לְשׁוֹנָם בַּצָּמָא נָשָׁ֑תָּה Is 41:17 (on D f. affect. v. Ges§ 20 i); also fig. נָֽשְׁתָה גְבוּרָתָם Je 51:30, their might is dry, i.e. fails. Niph. Pf. 3 pl. consec. וְנִשְּׁתוּ־מַיִם מֵהַיָּ֑ם Is 19:5 and water shall be dried up from the sea; cf. Impf. יִנָּֽתְשׁוּ מַיִּם Je 18:14, where read prob. יִנָּֽשְׁתוּ (Gf Gie al.).