H5068 H5068
To volunteer, offer willingly (Hitpael); to stir, impel, or incite the heart to act (Qal).
A verb of inner motivation and generous initiative. In the Hitpael, it describes the remarkable phenomenon of people volunteering — offering themselves or their resources without compulsion. Deborah's song celebrates those who 'offered themselves willingly' for battle (Judg 5:2, 9), and David's temple campaign overflows with leaders who 'volunteered' their gold and silver (1 Chr 29:5-9). In the Qal, the focus shifts to the initial inner stirring: God's spirit or one's own heart 'impels' a person to give (Exod 25:2, 35:21, 29). The Arabic cognate naduba ('to be noble, generous') illuminates the root's connection between willingness and nobility.
Senses
1. offer willingly, volunteer (Hitpael) — To offer oneself or one's possessions freely and voluntarily, without external compulsion (Hitpael reflexive). Deborah's victory song praises the people who volunteered for war (Judg 5:2, 9). David's temple preparations become a festival of willing generosity as leaders, officers, and the people 'offered willingly' (1 Chr 29:5-9, 17). Ezra 2:68 records returning exiles who volunteered for the rebuilding. Spanish 'ofrecerse voluntariamente' and French 'offrir volontairement' capture the reflexive, self-motivated quality. The Hitpael stem underscores that the action originates from within the giver. 14×
AR["ال-مُتَطَوِّعِينَ", "المُتَطَوِّعُ", "الْمُتَبَرِّعِينَ", "الْمُتَطَوِّعينَ", "بِ-تَطَوُّعِ", "تَبَرَّعُوا", "تَبَرَّعْتُ", "تَبَرُّعِهِمْ", "فَتَبَرَّعُوا", "لِنَتَبَرَّعَ", "مُتَبَرِّعٍ", "يَتَبَرَّعُ", "يَتَبَرَّعُونَ-"]·ben["-যাহারা স্বেচ্ছায়-দিলেন", "আর-স্বেচ্ছাদান-করলেন", "তাদের-স্বেচ্ছাদানের", "স্বেচ্ছাদান-করতে", "স্বেচ্ছাদান-করতে-", "স্বেচ্ছাদান-করলাম", "স্বেচ্ছাদান-করলেন", "স্বেচ্ছাদান-করে", "স্বেচ্ছাদানকারী", "স্বেচ্ছায়-দেওয়া", "স্বেচ্ছায়-নিবেদিত-হওয়াতে-", "স্বেচ্ছায়-নিবেদিতদের-", "স্বেচ্ছাসেবক"]·DE["[המתנדב]", "[המתנדבים]", "[התנדב]", "[התנדבו]", "[התנדבם]", "[התנדבתי]", "[ויתנדבו]", "[להתנדב]", "[מתנדב]", "als-volunteered", "der-die-volunteering"]·EN["And-offered-willingly", "freely-offering", "have-offered-willingly", "is-willing", "offered-freely", "offering-willingly", "the-freewill-offerings", "the-one-who-offered-willingly", "the-ones-volunteering", "the-volunteering", "their-offering-willingly", "they-offered-willingly", "to-offer-willingly", "when-volunteered"]·FR["et-offrir-volontairement", "le-les-volunteering", "offrir-volontairement", "quand-volunteered"]·heb["ב-התנדב", "ה-מתנדב", "ה-מתנדבים", "התנדב", "התנדבו", "התנדבם-ם", "התנדבתי", "ו-יתנדבו", "ל-התנדב", "מתנדב"]·HI["-के-उदार-देने", "उदार-थे", "उदार-दिया", "उदार-देते-", "उदार-है", "उनकी-उदारता", "और-उदार-थे", "का-स्वेच्छासेवक", "जब-स्वेच्छा-से-आए", "जिसने-स्वेच्छा-से-चढ़ाया", "जो-स्वेच्छा-से-आगे-आए", "स्वेच्छा-से-आनेवालों", "स्वेच्छा-से-दिया"]·ID["-persembahan-sukarela-mereka", "dan-menyumbang", "ketika-menyerahkan-diri", "mempersembahkan-sukarela", "menyumbang", "mereka-menyumbang", "persembahan-sukarela", "untuk-menyumbang", "yang-mempersembahkan-sukarela", "yang-menyerahkan-diri", "yang-menyerahkan-diri-dengan-sukarela"]·IT["e-offrire-volontariamente", "il-ones-volunteering", "offrire-volontariamente", "quando-volunteered"]·jav["Lan-lilà", "badhé-lilà", "badhé-lilà-", "ingkang-sukarela", "kang-sukarela", "lilà", "lilà-kula", "lilànipun", "nalika-sukarela", "nyumbang-sukarela"]·KO["그-자원한-자", "그들이-자원함", "그리고-자원했다", "에-자원하다", "에-자원하다-", "자원하는", "자원하는-자", "자원하는-자들", "자원하는자", "자원하다-", "자원하였다", "자원한", "자원했다-그들이", "자원했다-나는"]·PT["E-ofereceram-voluntariamente", "a-YHWH", "a-oferta-voluntária", "o-que-oferecia-voluntariamente", "ofereceram-voluntariamente", "ofereci-voluntariamente", "os-que-se-oferecem-voluntariamente", "os-que-se-ofereceram-voluntariamente", "para-oferecer-voluntariamente", "quando-se-oferecer-voluntariamente", "se-oferece-voluntariamente", "seu-oferecer-voluntariamente"]·RU["а-посвящающий-себя", "добровольно-пожертвованного", "добровольно-пришедшим", "добровольцев", "жертвовали", "жертвованию-их", "жертвовать", "жертвующего-добровольно", "жертвующий", "жертвующих-", "и-пожертвовали", "когда-вызвался", "пожертвовал", "пожертвовали-добровольно"]·ES["Y-se-ofrecieron-voluntariamente", "cuando-se-ofreció-voluntariamente", "el-que-ofrece-voluntariamente", "el-voluntario", "lo-ofrecido-voluntariamente.", "los-que-se-ofrecieron-voluntariamente", "me-ofrecí-voluntariamente", "ofrecerse-voluntariamente-", "ofrecerse-voluntariamente-ellos", "ofrecieron-voluntariamente", "para-ofrecer-voluntariamente", "se-ofrecieron-voluntariamente", "voluntario"]·SW["Na-wakajitolea", "aliyejitolea", "anajitolea", "anayetoa-hiari", "kujitolea", "kujitolea-kwao", "nimejitolea", "wakijitolea", "walijitolea", "waliojitolea", "walipojitolea", "walitoa-kwa-hiari", "yaliyotolewa-kwa-hiari"]·TR["Ve-gönüllü-oldular", "de-gönüllü-olanlar", "de-gönüllü-olma", "gonullu-verdiler", "gonullu-verenin", "gonullu-verenlere", "gönüllü", "gönüllü-olan", "gönüllü-olduklarının", "gönüllü-oldular", "gönüllü-oldum", "gönüllü-olmak", "gönüllü-olmak-"]·urd["آپ-سے-پیش-کرنے-والوں", "ال-نذرانہ", "اور-رضاکارانہ-دیا", "اُن-کے-رضاکارانہ", "جب-آپ-سے-پیش-کی", "خود-سے-دینے-والا", "رضاکار", "رضاکارانہ-دیا-اُنہوں-نے", "رضاکارانہ-دیا-میں-نے", "رضاکارانہ-دیتے", "رضاکارانہ-دینے", "رضاکاروں-کو", "نذرانہ-دینے-والے", "نذرانے-دیے"]
Judg 5:2, Judg 5:9, 1 Chr 29:5, 1 Chr 29:6, 1 Chr 29:9, 1 Chr 29:9, 1 Chr 29:14, 1 Chr 29:17, 1 Chr 29:17, 2 Chr 17:16, Ezra 1:6, Ezra 2:68 (+2 more)
2. impel, stir, incite (Qal) — To stir up, impel, or incite a person's heart or spirit to action (Qal active). Exodus 25:2 instructs Moses to receive contributions from 'everyone whose heart urges him' (יִדְּבֶנּוּ לִבּוֹ), and 35:21 describes those 'whose heart stirred them' and 'whose spirit impelled them' to bring tabernacle offerings (Exod 35:29). While sense 1 emphasizes the resulting voluntary action, this sense captures the prior inner movement — the heart being prompted or roused. The distinction is between the impulse (Qal) and the response (Hitpael). 3×
AR["نَدَبَ", "نَدَبَت", "يَحُثُّهُ"]·ben["তাকে-অনুপ্রাণিত-করে", "দান-করেছিল"]·DE["stirred", "urges-ihn"]·EN["stirred", "urges-him"]·FR["agita", "urges-lui"]·heb["ידבנו", "נדב", "נדבה"]·HI["उदार-थी", "प्रेरित-करे", "प्रेरित-किया"]·ID["rela", "terdorong"]·IT["stirred", "urges-lui"]·jav["manahipun-nggègèg", "mardika"]·KO["그의-마음이-감동시키는", "자원했다"]·PT["impeliu", "mover-ele"]·RU["побудил", "побудило", "побудит-его"]·ES["le-movió", "les-movió", "lo-impulse"]·SW["alimhimiza", "atahamasishwa", "uliwachochea"]·TR["harekete-geçirdi", "harekete-geçirirse-onu"]·urd["ترغیب-دے-اُسے", "رضامندی-سے-مائل-کیا", "مائل-کیا"]
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† נָדַב vb. incite, impel (NH id.; Arabic نَدَبَ call, impel, incite (نَدُبَ be noble, willing, generous, is denom. from [نَدْبٌ cf.] נָדִיב according to BaNB § 125 e); viii. ندب ready, willing; Assyrian nidbu, freewill-offering DlHWB 448; Aramaic נְדַב be willing Pa. Ithpa.; Zinj. נדב inciting, instigation DHMSendsch. 60);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. נָדַב Ex 35:29; 3 fs. נָֽדְבָה v 21; Impf. 3 ms. sf.…