H4713 H4713
Egyptian; a gentilic adjective/noun for persons from Egypt (masculine or feminine) and for the land of Egypt itself.
Hebrew mitsri is the gentilic form derived from Mitsrayim (Egypt), serving triple duty as a geographic reference, a masculine demonym, and a feminine demonym. The land sense dominates, appearing in narratives from Joseph's sojourn (Gen 41-46) through the Exodus and beyond. When used of persons, it marks ethnic identity with social implications — Hagar is 'the Egyptian' (ha-mitsrit, Gen 16:1), and an unnamed Egyptian man rescued by David's troops (1 Sam 30:11) is identified primarily by nationality. Spanish distinguishes 'egipcio' from 'egipcia,' and German 'Ägypter' from 'Ägypterin,' preserving the gender distinction that English obscures.
Senses
1. Egypt (country/land) — The land and nation of Egypt (Mitsrayim) used as a geographic and political proper noun. In Gen 41:55-56, 'all the land of Egypt' (kol-erets mitsrayim) suffers famine; in Gen 45:2, Joseph's weeping is heard in 'the house of Pharaoh' in Egypt. Spanish 'Mitsráyim' sometimes preserves the Hebrew name directly, while French 'Égypte' and German 'Ägypten' use the Greco-Latin derivation. This geographic sense accounts for the majority of occurrences and frames Egypt as both setting and symbol throughout the biblical narrative. 46×
AR["الْمِصْرِيُّونَ", "مِصْرَ", "مِصْرُ"]·ben["মিশর", "মিশরকে", "মিশরীয়দের", "মিশরে", "মিশরের", "মিসর"]·DE["Aegypten", "die-Ägypter", "Ägypten", "Ägyptens-ist", "Ägypter"]·EN["Egypt"]·FR["Égypte"]·heb["מצרים"]·HI["मिषर", "मिषरियõ", "मिषरियõ-की", "मिषरियõ-के", "मिषरियõ-ने", "मिषरी", "मिस्र", "मिस्र-की", "मिस्र-के", "मिस्र-के-लिए", "मिस्र-ने", "मिस्रियों-ने", "मिस्री", "मिस्री-ने"]·ID["Mesir", "orang-Mesir"]·IT["Egitto"]·jav["Mesir"]·KO["애굽을", "애굽의", "애굽이", "이집트에게", "이집트의"]·PT["Mitsrayim"]·RU["Египет", "Египта", "Египту", "Египтян", "Египтяне", "египтяне"]·ES["Mitsrayim", "Mitsráyim"]·SW["Misri", "Wamisri", "alijuza", "la-Misri", "wa-Misri", "ya-Misri", "za-Misri"]·TR["Mısır", "Mısır'a", "Mısır'ı", "Mısır'ın", "Mısırlılar"]·urd["مصر", "مصر-نے", "مصر-کی", "مصر-کے", "مصر-کے-لیے", "مصری", "مصریوں", "مصریوں-نے", "مصریوں-کی", "مصریوں-کے"]
2. Egyptian (masculine gentilic) — A masculine gentilic adjective or noun referring to an Egyptian man or group of Egyptian men. Potiphar is 'an Egyptian man' (ish mitsri, Gen 39:1); the Egyptian whom Moses killed (Exod 2:11-12) is identified by this same term. The plural hammitsrim refers to the Egyptians collectively as a people group (Gen 12:12, 14). German 'Ägypter' and Spanish 'egipcio' both function as noun and adjective, mirroring the Hebrew flexibility. The social marking is important — being 'Egyptian' carries narrative weight regarding power, otherness, and eventual inclusion (Deut 23:8). 25×
AR["الـ-مِصْرِيِّينَ", "المِصْرِي", "المِصْرِيّ", "الْ-مِصْرِيُّونَ", "الْمِصْرِيَّ", "الْمِصْرِيُّونَ", "الْمِصْرِيِّ", "مِصريٌّ", "مِصريّاً", "مِصْرِيًّا", "مِصْرِيٌّ", "مِصْرِيٍّ"]·ben["এবং-তিনি-নিয়ে-এলেন", "মিশরীয়", "মিশরীয়কে", "মিশরীয়দের", "মিশরীয়ের", "মিসরীয়", "মিসরীয়রা"]·DE["Aegypter", "Egyptian", "[המצרי]", "[מצרי]", "der-Aegypter", "der-Egyptian", "die-Ägypter", "ein-Ägypter"]·EN["Egyptian", "Mitsri", "the-Egyptian", "the-Egyptians", "the-Mitsri", "the-Mitsrite"]·FR["Egyptian", "[המצרי]", "[מצרי]", "le-Egyptian", "le-Egyptians", "le-Égyptien", "le-Égyptiens", "les-Égyptiens", "Égyptien"]·heb["ה-מצרי", "ה-מצרים", "מצרי"]·HI["मिषरी", "मिषरी-एक", "मिस्रि", "मिस्रियो-ने", "मिस्रियों-के", "मिस्रियों-ने", "मिस्री", "मिस्री-की", "मिस्री-के"]·ID["-orang-Mesir", "Mesir", "orang-Mesir", "orang-Mesir-itu", "orang-orang-Mesir"]·IT["Egiziano", "Egyptian", "[המצרי]", "[מצרי]", "il-Egiziani", "il-Egiziano", "il-Egyptian"]·jav["Mesir", "tiyang-Mesir"]·KO["그-애굴-사람의", "그-애굽-사람들이", "그-애극사람", "그-애깅-사람", "그-애깅-사람-의", "그-이집트사람들", "그를", "애굩인들이", "애굴-의", "애굽의", "애굽인들이", "애급인", "이집트-의", "이집트의", "이집트인", "이집트인이", "처럼"]·PT["do-egípcio", "egípcio", "o-egípcio", "os-egípcios"]·RU["-Египтяне", "-египтяне", "Египтяне", "Египтянин", "Египтянина", "Мицрим", "Ярха", "египетского", "египтян", "египтянин", "египтянина"]·ES["egipcio", "el-egipcio", "el-mitsri", "los-egipcios", "mitsri", "mitsrita"]·SW["Misri", "Mmisri", "Wamisri", "yuweza"]·TR["-Mısırlılar", "Misirlilar", "Mısırlı", "Mısırlı'nın", "Mısırlılar", "Mısırlıların", "Mısırlının", "Mısırlıyı"]·urd["مصری", "مصری-کے", "مصریوں-نے", "مصریوں-کے", "مِصری"]
3. Egyptian (feminine gentilic) — A feminine gentilic adjective or noun for an Egyptian woman or women. Hagar is consistently called 'the Egyptian' (hammitsrit) in Gen 16:1, 3 and 21:9, and Ishmael's mother is identified this way in Gen 25:12. The Egyptian midwives are contrasted with 'the Hebrew women' in Exod 1:19 using the feminine plural mitsriyyot. German distinguishes 'die Ägypterin' clearly, and Spanish uses 'egipcia/la egipcia.' This feminine form carries its own narrative significance, especially in the Hagar cycle where ethnic identity intersects with themes of marginalization and divine care. 5×
AR["الْمِصْرِيَّاتِ", "الْمِصْرِيَّةَ", "الْمِصْرِيَّةُ", "الْمِصْرِيَّةِ", "مِصْرِيَّةٌ"]·ben["-মিশরীয়া", "-মিসরীয়", "মিশরীয়", "মিশরীয়া", "মিসরীয়"]·DE["der-Aegypter", "der-Ägypterin", "die-Ägypterin", "eine-ägyptische"]·EN["Egyptian", "the-Egyptian"]·FR["le-Égyptien", "Égyptien"]·heb["ה-מצריות", "ה-מצרית", "מצרית"]·HI["मिषरी", "मिस्रि", "मिस्री"]·ID["Mesir", "orang-Mesir", "orang-Mesir-itu"]·IT["Egiziano", "il-Egiziano"]·jav["Mesir", "tiyang-Mesir"]·KO["그-이집트-여인", "그-이집트-여인의", "애굉의", "애굩의", "애굽-여인들"]·PT["a-egípcia", "as-egípcias", "egípcia"]·RU["Египтянка", "Египтянки", "египетские", "египтянка", "египтянку"]·ES["egipcia", "la-egipcia", "la-mitzrit", "las-mitsrias"]·SW["Mmisri", "ambaye", "wa-Misri"]·TR["-Mısırlı", "Mısırlı", "cariyesi"]·urd["-مصرین", "مصری"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H5971a 1. people, nation (1836×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)H5973a 1. accompaniment, together with (956×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מִצְרִי adj.gent. Egyptian;—ms. מ׳ Gn 39:1 + 16 times; fs. מִצְרִית 16:1 + 3 times; mpl. מִצְרִים 12:12 + 5 times; fpl. מִצְרִיֹּת Ex 1:19;— 1. adj. אִישׁ מ׳=an Egyptian Gn 39:1 Ex 2:11, 19 Lv 24:10 1 S 30:11 2 S 23:30; הָאִישׁ הַמּ׳ 1 Ch 11:23; נַעַר מ׳ 1 S 30:13, עֶבֶד מ׳ 1 Ch 2:34; שִׁפְחָה מִצְרִית Gn 16:1, כַּנָּשִׁים הַמִּצְרִיֹּת Ex 1:19. 2. c. art.=subst. the Egyptian Gn 39:2, 5 Ex…