H3725 H3725
kippurim -- atonement(s); the abstract noun for ritual expiation, used exclusively in Priestly legislation
The plural abstract noun kippurim ('atonements') is the nominal form behind the most solemn day in the Israelite calendar: yom hakkippurim, the Day of Atonement (Lev 23:27-28; 25:9). Appearing only seven times and exclusively within Priestly legislation, it denotes the ritual process by which guilt is covered and relationship between God and his people restored. It qualifies the sin offering (hattat hakkippurim, Exod 30:10; Num 29:11), the ram of ordination (eil hakkippurim, Num 5:8), and the ransom money (kesef hakkippurim, Exod 30:16). Spanish expiacion and French expiation capture the root idea of covering or wiping away offense, while the German Suehne points toward reconciliation.
Senses
1. the atonements — Ritual atonement or expiation -- the abstract plural noun designating the priestly process of covering sin and restoring right relationship with God. Used exclusively in P (Priestly source) contexts: the Day of Atonement (yom hakkippurim, Lev 23:27-28; 25:9), the sin offering of atonement (Exod 30:10; Num 29:11), the ram of atonement (Num 5:8), the atonement money (Exod 30:16), and the altar consecration (Exod 29:36). Spanish expiacion and French expiation emphasize the removal of guilt, while German Suehne highlights the reconciliation dimension. The restriction to cultic-legal contexts confirms this as a technical term of Israelite worship, not a general vocabulary item. 7×
AR["الكَفّاراتِ", "الْـ-كَفَّارَاتِ", "الْـكَفَّارَاتِ", "الْكَفَّارَاتِ", "كَفَّارَاتٍ"]·ben["এবং-ওলাত", "প্রায়শ্চিত্তের", "প্রায়শ্চিত্তের,", "সেই-প্রায়শ্চিত্তগুলি"]·DE["atonements", "der-Suehne", "der-atonements"]·EN["atonements", "the-atonement", "the-atonements"]·FR["atonements", "le-atonements", "le-expiation"]·heb["ה-כיפורים", "ה-כפרים", "כפרים"]·HI["प्रायश्चित-का", "प्रायश्चित्त", "प्रायश्चित्त-का", "प्रायश्चित्त-की", "प्रायश्चित्त-के"]·ID["Pendamaian", "pendamaian", "pendamaian-itu"]·IT["atonements", "il-atonements", "il-espiazione"]·jav["leluwaran", "pangruwatan"]·KO["그-속죄", "그-속죄들", "속죄", "속죄의", "속죄의-날의"]·PT["Kippurim", "as-expiações", "os-Kippurim", "os-expiações"]·RU["искуплений", "искупления", "очищений", "очищения"]·ES["expiación", "las-expiaciones"]·SW["Hkprim", "upatanisho", "ya-upatanisho"]·TR["-kefaretin", "kefaret", "kefaretin", "kefaretin-", "kefaretlerin"]·urd["-کفاروں", "-کفاروں-کے", "کفارہ", "کفارے-کا", "کفارے-کی"]
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)H6944 3. holy things, sacred offerings (plural) (86×)H3722a 1. make ritual atonement (Piel) (85×)H6912 1. bury (Qal active) (82×)H6419 1. pray (Hitpael) (80×)H6944 4. holiness (with possessive pronoun) (77×)H6942 1. sanctify, consecrate (Piel factitive) (76×)H2930a 1. Qal: be/become unclean (75×)H7819a 1. slaughter an animal (Qal active) (72×)H1486 1. lot (object cast for decisions) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† כִּפֻּרִים n.pl.abstr. atonement, only in P: הַטַּאת הַכּ׳ sin-offering of the atonement Ex 30:10; Nu 29:11; יוֹם (ה)כ׳ day of (the) atonement Lv 23:27, 28; 25:9; אֵיל הַכּ׳ Nu 5:8; עַל־הַכּ׳ Ex 29:36; כֶּסֶף הכ׳ Ex 30:16 money of atonement.