כַּף192 H3709
Palma de la mano, planta del pie; también: cucharilla/recipiente cultual, cavidad de la cadera, pata, manija, rama de palmera.
El sustantivo כַּף abarca todo lo cóncavo, ahuecado o plano, partiendo de la palma abierta de la mano. Desde la palma que Moisés extiende en oración (Éx 9:29) hasta la planta del pie que no halla reposo (Gn 8:9), כַּף cartografía las concavidades naturales del cuerpo. Se extiende por metáfora a los utensilios cúlticos con forma de palma abierta (las cucharillas del tabernáculo, Nm 7:84), a la cavidad de la articulación de Jacob (Gn 32:25) e incluso a las manijas de un cerrojo (Cnt 5:5). Su genio reside en una lógica basada en la forma: donde hay una superficie hueca o plana, כַּף puede aplicarse.
Sentidos
1. palma de la mano — La palma abierta o mano, con diferencia el sentido dominante. Cubre acciones de agarrar, sostener, golpear, aplaudir, extender en oración y colocar objetos sobre la palma. Gn 40:11 presenta al copero exprimiendo uvas en la כַּף del faraón; Lv 8:27 coloca ofrendas sobre las כַּפַּיִם de Aarón. El árabe kaff y el alemán Handfläche confirman el significado anatómico primario. 155×
AR["كَفٌّ", "كَفَّيَّ", "مِن كَفِّ-", "مِنْ-كَفِّ", "مِنْ-يَدِ"]·ben["আমার-হাত", "চামচ", "হাত-থেকে"]·DE["ladle-von", "mein-Handfläche", "von-Hand-von", "von-Handflaehe-von", "von-palm-von"]·EN["from-hand-of", "from-palm-of", "ladle-of", "my-hands"]·FR["comme-ma-bouche", "de-main-de", "de-paume-de", "ladle-de"]·heb["כף", "כפי-י", "מ-כף"]·HI["कटोरी", "से-हाथ", "हथेली-से", "हाथ-से", "हाथों-मेरे"]·ID["dari-tangan", "dari-telapak-tangan", "satu-cawan"]·IT["cucchiaio-di", "da-mano-di", "da-palm-di", "da-palma-di", "le-mie-palme"]·jav["Sendhok", "saking-asta", "saking-epek-epek", "saking-tanganipun", "tangan-kula"]·KO["-에서-손바닥", "~의-손-에서", "로부터-손", "손-에서", "손들-을", "손에서", "손에서-", "숟가락"]·PT["colher", "da-mão-de", "da-palma-de", "minhas-mãos"]·RU["из-ладони", "из-руки", "ложка", "от-руки", "руки-мои"]·ES["Cuchara", "de-la-mano-de", "de-mano-de", "de-palma-de", "mis-manos"]·SW["kijiko", "kutoka-mkono", "kutoka-mkono-wa", "kutoka-mkononi-mwa", "mikono-yangu"]·TR["-elinden", "avucundan", "den-avucundan", "elinden", "ellerimi", "kaşık"]·urd["سے-ہاتھ", "میرے-ہاتھ", "چمچہ", "ہاتھ-سے", "ہتھیلی-سے"]
2. planta del pie — La planta o superficie inferior del pie, distinguida de la palma por el contexto (a menudo con רֶגֶל, 'pie'). Gn 8:9 registra a la paloma sin hallar lugar de reposo para 'la planta de su pie,' y la fórmula territorial de Deuteronomio promete 'todo lugar que pise la planta de vuestro pie' (Dt 11:24). El coreano balbadak (planta del pie) frente a sonbadak (palma) ilustra cómo las lenguas receptoras separan ambos referentes. 20×
AR["أَخْمَصِ", "أَسْفَلَ-", "بَاطِنَيْ", "بَاطِنُ-", "بَاطِنِ", "بَاطِنِ-", "بَطْنُ", "بُطونُ", "بُطونِ", "بِـ-كَفِّ", "بِكَفِّ-", "كَـ-أَخْمَصِ", "لِ-أَسْفَلِ-", "لِ-بَاطِنِ", "مِن كَفِّ-", "مِن-بَاطِنِ-", "مِنْ-أَسْفَلِ", "وَ-أَخْمَصُ"]·ben["-তলের-মতো", "-পা-থেকে", "আর-তল", "তলা", "তলা-", "তলা-থেকে", "তলাগুলির", "তলার-জন্য", "তাঁর-পায়ের", "তালুতে-", "পা-তলিতে-", "পাতা-", "পাতাগুলি-", "পাদতলের", "পায়ের-জন্য", "পায়ের-তলা", "পায়ের-তলা-থেকে"]·DE["Handflaeche", "Handflaechee", "der-soles-von", "fuer-sole-von-", "für-die-Sohle-", "mit-sole-von", "sole-von", "sole-von-", "soles-von", "und-Handflaeche", "von-sole-von"]·EN["and-sole-of", "for-sole-of-", "from-sole-of", "from-the-sole-of", "like-sole-of", "sole-of", "sole-of-", "soles-of", "the-soles-of", "with-sole-of", "with-the-sole"]·FR["avec-sole-de", "de-paume", "de-sole-de", "et-paume", "le-soles-de", "paume", "plante-de", "pour-plante-de-", "pour-sole-de-", "sole-de-", "soles-de"]·heb["ב-כף", "ו-כף", "כ-כף", "כף", "כף-", "כפות", "ל-כף", "ל-כף-", "מ-כף", "מ-כף-"]·HI["और-तलवा", "जैसा-तलवा", "तलवा", "तलवा-", "तलवे", "तलवे-के-लिए-", "तलवे-के-लिये-", "तलवे-से", "तलवों", "तलवों-का", "तली", "तलोंपर", "पैर", "पैर-के-तलवे-से-", "में-तले-", "से-तलवे", "हथेली-के-तलवे-"]·ID["Dari-telapak-", "bagi-telapak", "bagi-telapak-", "dan-telapak", "dari-telapak", "dengan-telapak", "dengan-telapak-", "seperti-telapak", "telapak", "telapak-", "telapak-telapak"]·IT["con-sole-di", "da-palmo", "da-sole-di", "e-palma", "il-soles-di", "palma", "palmo", "per-sole-di-", "sole-di", "sole-di-", "soles-di"]·jav["Saking-telapak-", "dlamakan", "dlamakan-", "kados-telapak", "kaliyan-telapak", "kangge-tlapak", "kanggé-tlapak-", "kanthi-epek-epek-", "lan-telapak", "saking-telapak", "saking-tlapak", "tapak", "telapak", "tlapak", "tlapak-"]·KO["(전)-발바닥-에게", "(전)-발바닥-에서", "(접)-발바닥을-", "같이-발바닥", "그리고-발바닥", "발", "발바닥-부터", "발바닥들", "발바닥들을", "발바닥들의", "발바닥들이", "발바닥에", "발바닥으로-", "발바닥이", "발바닥이-", "에-발바닥", "에-발바닥으로-", "에서-발바닥"]·PT["Da-planta-de", "as-solas-de", "com-planta-de", "como-planta-de", "da-planta-de", "de-planta-de", "e-planta-de", "palma-de-", "para-a-planta-de-", "para-planta-de-", "planta-de", "planta-de-", "plantas-de", "solas-de"]·RU["для-стопы-", "и-стопа", "как-стопа", "от-подошвы", "от-подошвы-", "от-стопы", "от-ступни", "подошве-", "подошвой-", "стопа", "стопа-", "стопой-", "стопы", "ступней", "ступни", "ступни-", "ступнями", "ступнёй"]·ES["Desde-planta-de", "como-planta-de", "con-la-planta", "con-planta-de", "desde-planta-de", "la-planta-de", "las-plantas-de", "para-planta-de-", "planta-de", "planta-de-", "plantas-de", "y-planta-de"]·SW["kama-unyayo", "kutoka-nyayo", "kutoka-wayo", "kutoka-wayo-wa", "kwa-nyayo", "kwa-wayo-", "kwa-wayo-wa", "kwa-wayo-za-", "na-unyayo", "nyayo", "nyayo-za", "unyayo-wa", "wayo-", "wayo-wa"]·TR["-ayağımla", "gibi", "tabanlarinin-", "tabanlarla-", "tabanları", "tabanlarının", "tabanı-", "tabanı-için-", "tabanına-", "tabanından", "tabanından-", "ve-tabanı"]·urd["اور-تلوا", "تلوا", "تلووں", "تلوں-کے", "تلوے", "تلوے-", "تلوے-سے", "تلوے-کو", "سے-طلب-", "لیے-تلوے", "مانند", "پاؤں-کے-تلوے-سے"]
Gen 8:9, Deut 2:5, Deut 11:24, Deut 28:35, Deut 28:56, Deut 28:65, Josh 1:3, Josh 3:13, Josh 4:18, 2 Sam 14:25, 1 Kgs 5:3, 2 Kgs 19:24 (+8 más)
3. cucharilla o recipiente — Un utensilio cúltico con forma de palma: cucharilla, plato o cuchara usada para incienso y ofrendas en el tabernáculo y el templo. Nm 7:84-86 contabiliza doce כַּפּוֹת de oro llenas de incienso. La forma hueca y abierta del recipiente motiva la extensión metafórica de la parte del cuerpo al objeto ritual. 13×
AR["الكُؤُوسَ", "الْـكَفُّ", "الْـكُفُوفِ", "الْكُؤُوسَ", "كُؤوسَها", "كُفُوفٌ", "وَ-الـ-صُّحُونُ", "وَ-الْصُحُونُ", "وَ-كُؤوسَها", "وَصُحُونٍ"]·ben["আর-কড়াইগুলো", "আর-চামচ", "এবং-তার-পেয়ালাগুলি", "এবং-থালাগুলি", "কড়াইগুলি", "কাপগুলি-তার", "চামচ", "চামচগুলি", "চামচগুলোর"]·DE["Handflaeche", "der-dishes", "der-ladle", "der-ladles", "der-spoons", "ladles-von", "sein-spoons", "und-Handflaeche", "und-der-dishes", "und-seine-Schalen"]·EN["and-its-dishes", "and-ladles", "and-the-dishes", "and-the-spoons", "its-spoons", "ladles-of", "the-dishes", "the-ladle", "the-ladles", "the-spoons"]·FR["et-le-dishes", "et-paume", "et-son-dishes", "ladles-de", "le-dishes", "le-ladle", "le-ladles", "le-spoons", "paume", "son-spoons"]·heb["ה-כף", "ה-כפות", "ה-כפת", "ו-ה-כף", "ו-ה-כפות", "ו-כף", "ו-כפותיו", "כפות", "כפותיו"]·HI["उसके-कटोरे", "और-उसके-कटोरे", "और-कटोरियाँ", "और-कटोरे", "और-चम्मच", "कटोरियाँ", "कटोरियों-का", "कटोरी", "कटोरे", "चम्मच", "चम्मचों", "ह-प्यालों"]·ID["cawan", "cawan-cawan", "cawan-cawannya", "dan-cawan-cawan", "dan-cawan-cawannya", "dan-mangkuk-mangkuk", "dan-mangkuk-siraman", "piring-piring"]·IT["e-il-dishes", "e-palmo", "e-suoi-piatti", "il-dishes", "il-ladle", "il-ladles", "il-spoons", "ladles-di", "palmo", "suo-spoons"]·jav["Sendhok-sendhok", "bokor", "cawan-cawan", "lan-cawan-cawan", "lan-cawanan", "lan-piring", "lan-sendhok-sendhok-ipun", "sendhok", "sendhok-sendhok", "sendhok-sendhokipun"]·KO["그-대접들을", "그-숟가락", "그-숟가락들-의", "그-술간들", "그것의-숟가락들을", "그리고-그-굿자들과", "그리고-그-접시들", "그리고-접시들과", "숟가락들", "접시들을"]·PT["a-colher", "as-colheres", "as-taças", "colheres-de", "e-as-colheres", "e-colheres-dela", "e-taças", "suas-colheres"]·RU["и-ложки", "и-чаши", "и-чаши-его", "кадильницы", "ложек", "ложка", "ложки-его", "чаши"]·ES["Cucharas-de", "cucharas-de", "la-cuchara", "las-cucharas", "sus-cucharas", "y-cucharas", "y-las-cucharas", "y-sus-cucharas"]·SW["bakuli", "kijiko", "na-vijiko", "na-vikombe-vyake", "vijiko", "vijiko-vya", "vijiko-vyake", "vikombe"]·TR["-kepcelerin", "kapları", "kaşıklar", "kaşıkları-", "kaşıkların", "kaşığı", "kepceleri", "ve-kaplar", "ve-kaşıklar", "ve-kaşıkları", "ve-kaşıklarını"]·urd["اور-اُس-کے-پیالے", "اور-پیالیاں-", "اور-پیالے", "اُس-کے-چمچوں", "پیالوں", "پیالیوں", "چمچوں", "چمچوں-کا", "چمچہ", "چمچے"]
Exod 25:29, Exod 37:16, Num 4:7, Num 7:84, Num 7:86, Num 7:86, Num 7:86, 1 Kgs 7:50, 2 Kgs 25:14, 2 Chr 4:22, 2 Chr 24:14, Jer 52:18 (+1 más)
4. cavidad de la cadera — El hueco de la articulación del muslo o la cavidad de la cadera, exclusivamente en la narración de la lucha de Jacob (Gn 32:25, 32). El ángel golpea la כַּף del muslo de Jacob, dislocándolo. La lógica formal persiste: כַּף es la cavidad cóncava en la que encaja la cabeza del fémur. 4×
AR["حُقَّ", "حُقُّ", "حُقِّ"]·ben["উপর", "উরু-সন্ধি", "উরু-সন্ধিতে"]·DE["der-Hüftpfanne", "die-Hüftpfanne-"]·EN["in-socket-of-", "socket-of", "socket-of-"]·FR["base-de", "base-de-", "dans-base-de-"]·heb["ב-כף", "כף"]·HI["को-खोखले", "खोखला", "खोखले"]·ID["lekuk"]·IT["in-piedistallo-di-", "piedistallo-di", "piedistallo-di-"]·jav["ing-sendi-", "sendi", "sendi-"]·KO["~의-허벅지"]·PT["concha-de", "concha-de-", "em-concha-de-"]·RU["впадина", "впадине", "к-впадине"]·ES["articulación-de", "en-articulación-de"]·SW["bakora-ya"]·TR["oynak-yeri", "oynak-yerine", "oynak-yerinin"]·urd["جوڑ", "جوڑ-کو"]
5. pata de animal — La pata de un animal: en Lv 11:27, las criaturas que 'andan sobre sus patas' (כַּפַּיִם). La superficie plana y acolchada de la pata del animal refleja la palma humana, lo que hace natural la transferencia semántica del cuerpo humano al zoológico. 1×
AR["كَفَّيْهِ"]·ben["তার-থাবার"]·DE["sein-paws"]·EN["its-paws"]·FR["son-paws"]·heb["כפיו"]·HI["अपने पंजों"]·ID["telapak-kakinya"]·IT["suo-paws"]·jav["telapak-sukunipun"]·KO["그-의-발바닥들"]·PT["palmas-suas"]·RU["лапах-своих"]·ES["sus-palmas"]·SW["viganja-vyake"]·TR["patiüzerine"]·urd["پنجوں-اپنے"]
6. manija o asidero — La manija o empuñadura de un cerrojo, como en Cnt 5:5, donde las manos de la amada destilan mirra 'sobre las manijas del cerrojo.' La superficie cóncava del asidero lo conecta con el prototipo de la palma ahuecada. 1×
AR["كَفُّوت"]·ben["হাতলের"]·DE["Handflaechee"]·EN["handles-of"]·FR["les-poignées"]·heb["כפות"]·HI["कुंडी"]·ID["pegangan-pegangan"]·IT["palmo"]·jav["tangan"]·KO["손잡이들-의"]·PT["as-alças-de"]·RU["ручки"]·ES["las-manijas-de"]·SW["mpini"]·TR["tutmaclari"]·urd["کنڈیوں"]
7. ramas de palmera — Ramas o frondes de palmera datilera, como en Lv 23:40, donde se ordena a Israel tomar 'ramas de palmeras' (כַּפּוֹת תְּמָרִים) para la Fiesta de los Tabernáculos. La forma ancha y plana de la hoja de palmera motiva que reciba el nombre de la mano abierta, una vívida metáfora formal conservada en las lenguas semíticas. 1×
AR["سَعَفَ"]·ben["শাখা"]·DE["Aeste-von"]·EN["branches-of"]·FR["branches-de"]·heb["כפת"]·HI["डालियां"]·ID["daun-daun-pelepah"]·IT["rami-di"]·jav["pang"]·KO["가지들-의"]·PT["ramos-de"]·RU["ветви"]·ES["ramas-de"]·SW["matawi-ya-"]·TR["dalları-"]·urd["شاخیں"]
Sentidos Relacionados
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H7200 1. Qal: to see, perceive (1257×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G4771 2. you (singular address) (1077×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)H8085 1. Qal: hear, perceive aurally (921×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0859a 1. you (2nd person masculine singular pronoun) (743×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
כַּף192 n.f. 1 K 8:54 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan (NH id.; Aramaic id., ܟܰܦܳܐ; Assyrian kappu, hand, pan, kippatu, hollow; Arabic كَفٌّ palm, hand)—abs. כ׳ Jb 29:9 +, so read prob. also Ez 29:7b for MT כָּתֵף (𝔊 𝔖 Sm Co, cf. v a); כָּ֑ף 2 K 11:12 +; more often cstr. כַּף Gn 40:11 +; sf. כַּפִּי Ju 12:3, כַּפְּךָ Jb 13:21, etc.; in Ez 29:7 read כַּף Qr for כפך Kt (so Ew…