H2720b H2720b
Waste, desolate, ruined; describing cities or places that have been destroyed and left uninhabited.
The adjective charev (II) describes places -- especially cities and buildings -- that lie in a state of ruin and desolation, devoid of inhabitants. It differs from the related verb charav ('to be dry, desolate') by functioning as a fixed descriptor of post-destruction states. Nehemiah uses it twice of Jerusalem's burned gates and broken walls (Neh 2:3, 17). Ezekiel employs it in restoration oracles where the formerly desolate cities will be rebuilt and inhabited (Ezek 36:35, 38). Haggai applies it pointedly to the temple lying in ruins while the people live in paneled houses (Hag 1:4, 9).
Senses
1. ruined, desolate, waste — In a state of ruin, waste, or desolation, used of cities, buildings, and inhabited places that have been destroyed or left without people. Spanish consistently renders 'desolada/desolado,' while English gives 'desolate' and 'ruined.' The prophetic texts use this adjective to create powerful contrasts: Jeremiah's 'desolate, without man or beast' (Jer 33:10, 12), Ezekiel's vision of ruined cities becoming like the garden of Eden (Ezek 36:35), and Haggai's rebuke that God's house lies charev while the people's own houses are finished (Hag 1:4, 9). 6×
AR["الْخَرِبِ", "خَرَابٌ", "خَرِبٌ", "ٱلْخَرِبَةُ"]·ben["-ধ্বংসপ্রাপ্ত", "ধ্বংস", "ধ্বংসস্তূপ"]·DE["Schwert", "[החרב]", "[החרבות]"]·EN["desolate", "ruined", "the-desolate", "the-ruined"]·FR["le-ruines", "l’épée", "sécheresse", "épée"]·heb["ה-חורבות", "ה-חרב", "ה-חרבות", "חרב"]·HI["उजाड़", "उजाड़-है", "उजाड़े", "उजाड़।", "खंडहर"]·ID["hancur", "terbengkalai", "yang-hancur"]·IT["[החרבות]", "la-spada", "spada"]·jav["ingkang-risak", "reruntuhan", "risak", "sepi"]·KO["그-황폐한", "황폐한"]·PT["arruinada", "as-arruinadas", "desolado", "o-desolado"]·RU["Пусто", "пустом", "разрушен", "разрушенные"]·ES["desolada", "desolada?", "desolado", "el-desolado", "las-arruinadas"]·SW["iliyoharibiwa", "magofu", "ni-magofu", "palipoachwa-ukiwa", "ukiwa"]·TR["harabe", "harabe?", "harap", "harap-o"]·urd["ویران", "کھنڈر"]
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H3658 1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) (42×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. חָרֵב adj. waste, desolate;—ms. abs. ח׳ Je 33:10 + 5 times; fs. חֲרֵבָה Ne 2:3 + 2 times; fpl. הֶחֳרֵבוֹת Ez 36:35, 38 (v. Köi. 241);—of a city, defined מֵאֵין אָדָם וּמֵאֵין בְּהֵמָה Je 33:10, cf. v 12; also Ne 2:3, 17; הֶעָרִים הֶחֳרֵבוֹת Ez 36:35 (+ הַנְשַׁמּוֹת, הַנֶּהֱרָסוֹת; opp. בְּצוּרוֹת יָשָׁ֑בוּ), Hg 1:4, 9 (בַּיִת).