H2455 H2455
Profane, common, or ordinary — that which is not consecrated; the opposite of holy (qodesh).
A noun marking the boundary between the sacred and the ordinary. In priestly law, distinguishing between the holy (qodesh) and the common (chol) is a fundamental duty of the priests (Lev 10:10; Ezek 44:23). Ezekiel condemns Jerusalem's priests for failing to teach this distinction (22:26) and uses it architecturally when the temple precinct separates holy space from common ground (42:20; 48:15). David's request for 'common bread' at Nob (1 Sam 21:5–6) — ordinary loaves as opposed to consecrated showbread — provides a memorable narrative illustration of this sacred-secular divide.
Senses
1. profane, common (non-sacred) — That which is profane, common, or unconsecrated — the conceptual opposite of qodesh (holy). This term defines one pole of the fundamental priestly distinction between sacred and ordinary, a distinction priests were charged to teach the people (Lev 10:10; Ezek 44:23). Spanish profano and común, along with French profane, all capture this sense of the non-sacred or secular. Ezekiel's temple vision uses it architecturally: the wall separates the holy from the common (42:20), and the city land outside the sacred precinct is designated common (48:15). David's request for 'common bread' (lechem chol, 1 Sam 21:5) — as opposed to the holy showbread — provides one of the most vivid narrative applications, later cited by Jesus in the Gospels. 7×
AR["-الدَّنَسِ", "عَادِيٌ", "عَادِيَةٌ", "وَ-الْ-عَادِيِّ", "وَالْعَادِيِّ"]·ben["-সাধারণের", "অপবিত্রের-প্রতি", "সাধারণ", "সাধারণ-"]·DE["[חל]", "[לחל]", "common", "der-allgemein"]·EN["and-common", "and-the-common", "common", "common-", "the-common", "to-profane"]·FR["common", "le-common", "profane"]·heb["ה-חל", "חול", "ל-חול"]·HI["और-सामान्य", "सअधअरन", "साधारण-", "साधारण-के", "से-साधारण", "से-सामान्य"]·ID["biasa", "dan-yang-biasa", "dengan-biasa", "dengan-yang-biasa", "umum-", "yang-biasa"]·IT["[חל]", "[לחל]", "common", "il-common"]·jav["dhateng-ingkang-boten-suci", "dhateng-limrah", "ingkang-lumrah", "limrah", "limrah-"]·KO["-속된-것을", "그-속된-것", "보통의", "세속의인", "에-속된-것에"]·PT["comum", "comum-", "e-comum", "e-o-comum", "e-profano", "o-profano"]·RU["Мои", "и-несвятым", "общее-", "обычного", "обычный", "обычным"]·ES["común", "lo-profano", "profano", "y-lo-profano", "y-profano"]·SW["imeanza", "imekuwa-takatifu", "kilicho-cha-kawaida", "na-kawaida", "ya-kawaida-"]·TR["adi", "bayağı", "bayağının", "profana", "ve-bayagı", "ve-bayağı"]·urd["اور-عام", "اور-عام-سے", "اور-عام-کے", "عام", "عام-", "غیر-مقدس-کے"]
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)H6944 3. holy things, sacred offerings (plural) (86×)H3722a 1. make ritual atonement (Piel) (85×)H6912 1. bury (Qal active) (82×)H6419 1. pray (Hitpael) (80×)H6944 4. holiness (with possessive pronoun) (77×)H6942 1. sanctify, consecrate (Piel factitive) (76×)H2930a 1. Qal: be/become unclean (75×)H7819a 1. slaughter an animal (Qal active) (72×)H1486 1. lot (object cast for decisions) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חֹל n.[m.] profaneness, commonness;—לֶחֶם חֹל 1 S 21:5, דֶּרֶךְ חֹל v 6; in concrete sense, opp. קֹדֶשׁ Lv 10:10 (P), Ez 22:26; 42:20; 44:23; 48:15.