H2318 H2318
Renew, repair, restore — to make new again, whether physically (buildings) or spiritually (inner life)
The verb חָדַשׁ (chadash), used exclusively in the Piel and Hithpael stems, means to renew, repair, or restore something to a fresh state. Its semantic range spans the physical — repairing the temple (2 Chr 24:4, 12) and restoring an altar (2 Chr 15:8) — and the deeply spiritual — David's plea for a renewed spirit (Ps 51:12) and God's renewal of the face of the ground (Ps 104:30). Samuel's call to 'renew the kingdom' at Gilgal (1 Sam 11:14) carries political-covenantal force. The root underlies חָדָשׁ (new) and חֹדֶשׁ (new moon/month). Spanish 'renovar/restaurar' and French 'renouveler' capture both the material and spiritual dimensions.
Senses
1. renew, repair, restore — To make new again, restore, or repair — used in two overlapping registers: physical restoration of buildings and cultic installations (2 Chr 15:8, repairing the altar; 2 Chr 24:4, 12, restoring the temple), and spiritual or cosmic renewal (Ps 51:12, 'renew a right spirit within me'; Ps 104:30, God renewing the face of the earth; Lam 5:21, 'renew our days as of old'). The Gilgal episode in 1 Samuel 11:14 blends both senses: renewing the kingship as a politico-covenantal act. Spanish 'renovar' and German 'erneuern' preserve the dual material-spiritual range. 10×
AR["تُجَدِّدُ", "جَدِّدْ", "لِيُجَدِّدَ", "لِيُجَدِّدُوا", "وَ-تُجَدِّد", "وَ-نُجَدِّدُ", "وَ-يُجَدِّدُونَ", "وَجَدَّدَ", "يَتَجَدَّد"]·ben["-এবং-তারা-সংস্কার-করবে", "-মেরামত-করতে", "আপনি-নতুন-করেন", "আর-আমরা-নতুন-করব", "আর-নতুন-করলেন", "এবং-তুমি-নতুন-কর", "নতুন-কর", "নতুন-করুন", "নবীন-হয়"]·DE["[וחדשו]", "[ויחדש]", "[לחדש]", "[תחדש]", "erneuern", "ist-renewed", "neu", "und-du-erneuern", "und-lass-uns-erneuere"]·EN["You-renew", "and-You-renew", "and-let-us-renew", "and-renewed", "and-they-will-renew", "is-renewed", "renew", "to-renew"]·FR["[וחדשו]", "[ויחדש]", "[לחדש]", "et-que-nous-renouvelle", "et-renouveler", "mois", "renouveler", "תחדש"]·heb["ו-חידשו", "ו-יחדש", "ו-תחדש", "וּ-נְחַדֵּשׁ", "חדש", "ל-חדש", "תחדש", "תתחדש"]·HI["उठाएँगे", "और-तू-नवीकृत-करता-है", "और-नए-सिरे-से", "और-नया-किया", "तू-नया-करता-है", "नया-कर", "नया-करने-को", "नवीकरण-कर", "नवीकृत-होती-है"]·ID["Engkau-memperbarui", "baharuilah", "dan-Engkau-membaharui", "dan-kita-perbarui", "dan-memperbaharui", "dan-mereka-akan-memperbarui", "diperbaharui", "untuk-memperbarui"]·IT["You-renew", "[ויחדש]", "[לחדש]", "e-lascia-noi-rinnova", "e-rinnovare", "e-rinnovo'", "rinnovare", "rinnovo'"]·jav["Panjenengan-anyar", "dados-enggal-malih", "ingkang-Panjenengan-remuk", "kanggé-ndandosi", "lan-Panjenengan-anyari", "lan-badhe-ndandosi", "lan-kita-enggalaken", "lan-ndandosi", "mugi-anyaraken"]·KO["그리고-당신-이-새롭게-하시도다", "그리고-새롭게-하자", "그리고-새롭게-할-것이다", "당신이-새록게-하신다", "새로워지리라", "새롭게-하소서", "에-새롭게-하기로"]·PT["Renovas", "e-renovarão", "e-renovas", "e-renovemos", "e-renovou", "para-renovar", "renova", "renova-se"]·RU["и-обновил", "и-обновим", "и-обновляешь-Ты", "и-обновят", "обнови", "обновить", "обновляется", "обновляешь"]·ES["Renuevas", "para-reparar", "renueva", "se-renueva", "y-renovaremos", "y-renovarán", "y-renovó", "y-renuevas"]·SW["Fanya-upya", "kuikarabati", "na-akaifanya-upya", "na-tuihuishe", "na-unafanya-upya", "na-watakarabati", "uifanye-mpya", "unafanya-upya", "unafanywa-upya"]·TR["ve-yeniledi", "ve-yenilersin", "ve-yenileyecekler", "ve-yenileyelim", "yenile", "yenilemek", "yenilemek-için", "yenilenir", "yenilersin"]·urd["اور-تُو-نیا-کرتا-ہے", "اور-نئے-سرے-سے-قائم-کریں", "اور-نئے-کریں-گے", "اور-نیا-کیا", "نئی-ہو-گی", "نیا-کر", "نیا-کرتا-ہے", "نیا-کرنا", "نیا-کرنے-کے-لیے"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [חָדַשׁ] vb. only Pi. (and Hithp.) renew, repair (poet. and late) (NH id., Ph. חדש; n. חדש new moon, also in קרתחדשת new-city = Carthage; Aramaic حَدَثَ and חַדֵּשׁ; Arabic ܚܰܕܶܬ be new, Ethiopic ሐደሰ i. 2. renew; Sab. החדתֿ, v. Os (Levy)ZMG 1865, 204 MordtZMG 1876, 30; Assyrian [adâšu], uddiš, renew, eššu, new, etc. DlW 199 ff.)— Pi. Pf. וְחִדְּשׁוּ consec. Is 61:4; Impf. וַיְחַדֵּשׁ 2 Ch 15:8;…