Biblical Lexicon

H1794 H1794

Conj-w | V-Nifal-ConjPerf-1cs | 6× in 2 senses

to crush, be crushed (physically or by oppression); of the heart: contrite, broken in spirit before God

A verb found only in the Psalms, carrying both the violence of physical crushing and the spiritual beauty of contrition. The wicked crush the helpless (Ps 10:10), God crushes his people in testing (Ps 44:19), and the psalmist is crushed by suffering (Ps 38:8; 51:8). Yet in Psalm 51:17, the same root yields one of Scripture's most treasured phrases: a broken and contrite heart God will not despise. Spanish captures this pivot elegantly -- from 'aplastado' (flattened, crushed) to 'contrito' (contrite) -- revealing how physical destruction becomes spiritual receptivity.

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Senses

1. crush, be crushed — To crush or be crushed, describing physical violence, oppression, or intense suffering. Five occurrences span the hostile crushing of the weak by the wicked (Ps 10:10), divine crushing in judgment or testing (Ps 44:19; 51:8), and the psalmist's experience of being broken by affliction (Ps 38:8). Spanish uses 'aplastado' (flattened) and 'nos aplastaste' (you crushed us), conveying forceful, overwhelming destruction. 5×

PHYSICAL_ACTION › Physical Impact › Crushing and Humbling

AR["[ketiv]", "سَحَقْتَنا", "سَحَقْتَهَا", "وَانْسَحَقْتُ", "يَنْسَحِقُ"]·ben["ও-চূর্ণ-হয়েছি", "চূর্ণ-করেছ-আমাদের", "চূর্ণ-করেছিলে-তুমি", "সে-কুঁকড়ে-দেয়", "সে-বসে-পড়ে"]·DE["[ketiv]", "du-haben-zermalmt", "du-haben-zermalmt-uns", "er-ist-zermalmt", "und-zermalmt"]·EN["You-have-crushed", "You-have-crushed-us", "[ketiv]", "and-crushed", "he-is-crushed"]·FR["et-écraser", "écraser"]·heb["דיכית", "דיכיתנ-ו", "ו-דכה", "ו-נדכיתי", "ידכה"]·HI["और-कुचला-गया-हूँ", "कुचला-तूने-हमें", "तोड़ी-तूने-जो", "वह-झुकता-है", "वह-दबता-है"]·ID["[Ketiv]", "ia-meremukkan"]·IT["e-schiacchio'", "schiacchio'"]·jav["Panjenengan-sampun-ngancuraken-kita", "[ketib-qere]", "dipun-tekem", "ing-jero", "lan-kula-sampun-remuk"]·KO["그-가-웅크리며", "그리고-심히-상했도다", "꺾으신", "넘어지며", "부수셨도다-우리-를"]·PT["[variante]", "e-quebrantado", "nos-esmagaste", "que-esmagaste", "é-esmagado"]·RU["и-пригибается", "и-сокрушён-я", "которые-сокрушил", "пригнется", "сокрушил-нас"]·ES["[Y-es-aplastado]", "es-aplastado", "nos-aplastaste", "quebrantaste", "y-quebrantado"]·SW["Na-anajikunyata", "anaporomoka", "na-nimepondwa", "ulituponda", "uliyoivunja"]·TR["[ketiv]", "ezdin-bizi", "ezdiğin", "ezer", "ve-ezildim"]·urd["اور-کچلا-گیا-ہوں", "تُو-نے-کچلا-ہمیں", "جو-کچلیں-تو-نے", "وہ-جھکتا-ہے", "وہ-کچلا-جاتا-ہے"]

Ps 10:10, Ps 10:10, Ps 38:8, Ps 44:19, Ps 51:8

2. contrite (spiritually broken) — Contrite or broken in spirit -- the spiritually positive sense of a heart humbled and open before God. In Psalm 51:17, the Niphal participle nidkeh describes a heart that God values above all sacrifices: 'a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.' Spanish shifts from violent 'aplastado' to reverent 'contrito,' and English from 'crushed' to 'contrite,' marking the theological transformation of brokenness into worship. 1×

PHYSICAL_ACTION › Physical Impact › Crushing and Humbling

AR["وَ-مُنْسَحِقٌ"]·ben["ও-চূর্ণ"]·DE["und-contrite"]·EN["and-contrite"]·FR["et-écraser"]·heb["ו-נדכה"]·HI["और-कुचला-हुआ"]·IT["e-schiacchio'"]·jav["kula"]·KO["그리고-통회하는"]·PT["e-contrito"]·RU["и-смиренное"]·ES["y-contrito"]·SW["na-kupondeka"]·TR["ve-ezilmiş"]·urd["اور-کچلا"]

Ps 51:17

BDB / Lexicon Reference

† [דָּכָה] vb. crush (only ψ);— Qal ודכה (יָשֹׁחַ) ψ 10:10 Kt is read as Qal Pf. וְדָכָה consec. by RobGes Ol De al., i.e. and he is crushed, or and he croucheth (Qr יִדְכֶּה Impf. so AV RV he croucheth); others read וְדָכֶה יָשֹׁחַ (adj. intrans. or passive) and crushed he sinketh down, cf. VB Che; possible wd. be יִדָּכֶה Niph. (‖ יָשֹׁחַ and ונפל). Niph. Pf. וְנִדְכֵּ֫יתִי ψ 38:9; Pt. נִדְכֶּה…