H0913 H0913
Tin, alloy, or dross; a base metal separated from precious ore, also used for a plumb weight.
In the ancient metalworker's vocabulary, bedil referred broadly to the impure residue left when precious metal is smelted. Numbers 31:22 lists it alongside gold, silver, bronze, iron, and lead as a spoil of war requiring purification by fire. In Ezekiel 22:18-20, Israel herself becomes tin mixed with dross in God's furnace. Isaiah 1:25 narrows the meaning to the impurity God promises to purge from Jerusalem, while Zechariah 4:10 uses 'the stone of tin' as a plumb line in Zerubbabel's hand, a symbol of precision in rebuilding.
Senses
1. and tin — Tin as a base metal (plumbum album), listed among metals of commerce and war spoil (Num 31:22; Ezek 22:18, 20; 27:12). Spanish estaño and French étain preserve the metallurgical specificity. In Ezekiel's furnace imagery, Israel is reduced to tin and dross among nobler metals. 4×
AR["الْـ-قَصْدِيرَ", "قَصْدِيرٍ", "وَقَصِديرٌ", "وَقَصِديرٍ"]·ben["এবং-দস্তা", "এবং-দস্তার", "টিনে-", "বাইসাকে"]·DE["[בדיל]", "[ובדיל]", "der-tin"]·EN["and-tin", "the-tin", "tin"]·FR["et-étain", "le-tin", "étain"]·heb["בדיל", "ה-בדיל", "ו-בדיל"]·HI["और-टिन", "टिन"]·ID["dan-timah", "timah", "timah,"]·IT["[בדיל]", "[ובדיל]", "il-tin"]·jav["lan-timah", "timah"]·KO["그-주석과", "그리고-주석", "그리고-주석을", "주석으로-"]·PT["e-estanho", "estanho", "o-estanho"]·RU["и-олова", "и-олово", "олово", "оловом"]·ES["estaño", "y-estaño"]·SW["bati", "bati-hiyo", "na-bati"]·TR["-kalayı", "kalayile", "ve-kalay", "ve-kalayın"]·urd["اور-قلعی", "رانگے", "قلعی"]
2. the plumb — A plumb weight or plummet, used in the construct phrase 'the stone of tin' (Zech 4:10). The dense metal serves as the bob on a builder's plumb line. Spanish la de plomo ('the one of lead') reflects the weighty, hanging function. A symbol of God's exacting measurement of Zerubbabel's temple work. 1×
AR["الْمُعَلَّقَةِ"]·ben["দস্তার"]·DE["[הבדיל]"]·EN["the-plumb"]·FR["étain"]·heb["ה-בדיל"]·HI["टिन-के"]·ID["timah"]·IT["[הבדיל]"]·jav["timah"]·KO["그-다림추의"]·PT["a-de-prumo"]·RU["-отвесный"]·ES["la-de-plomo"]·SW["la-risasi"]·TR["çekinin-"]
3. your alloy — Alloy or dross, the base impurity clinging to silver after smelting. In Isaiah 1:25 God vows to smelt away 'your alloy' from Jerusalem. Spanish tu impureza ('your impurity') captures the moral-metallurgical metaphor: sin as a contaminant that must be burned away before the city can be called righteous again. 1×
AR["قَصدِيرِكِ"]·ben["তোমার-মিশ্রণ"]·DE["[בדיליך]"]·EN["your-alloy"]·FR["[בדיליך]"]·heb["בדילייך"]·HI["तेरी-मिलावट"]·ID["kotoran-logammu"]·IT["[בדיליך]"]·jav["timah-panjenengan"]·KO["네-불순물을"]·PT["impureza-tua"]·RU["олово-твоё"]·ES["tu-impureza"]·SW["uchafu-wako"]·TR["katışıgını"]·urd["تیری-کھوٹ"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† בְּדִיל n.[m.] alloy, tin, dross (orig. that which is separated from precious metal; cf. Plin. Hist. Nat. xxiv. 16, xxxiii. 9)—בּ׳ abs. Nu 31:22 + 4 times; Pl. sf. בְּדִילָ֑יִךְ Is 1:25;— 1. alloy, Is 1:25 fig. of evil of Jerusalem, which י׳ will remove (הֵסִיר; ‖ סִגָ֑יִךְ). 2. tin (plumbum album) Nu 31:22 (P; + זָהָב, כֶּסֶף, נְחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל, עֹפָ֑רֶת); fig. of Isr. Ez 22:18 (+ נְחשֶׁת,…