1. incurable, grievous — A Qal passive participle (and derived adjective) from the root אנשׁ 'to be weak, sick', used to describe wounds, diseases, or conditions that are beyond healing or remedy. This is the primary adjectival sense, consistently rendered as 'incurable' across multiple languages: Arabic عَسِير/مُسْتَعْصِيَة (difficult/intractable), Spanish 'incurable', Korean 불치의/낫지 못할 (incurable/unhealable), Hindi असाध्य/लाइलाज (incurable). Occurrences include Job 34:6 (an incurable wound), Isaiah 17:11 (incurable pain), Jeremiah 15:18 (incurable pain), 30:12, 15 (incurable wound/blow), and Micah 1:9 (incurable wound). The 'disaster' gloss in Jeremiah 17:16 (יוֹם אָנוּשׁ 'day of disaster/calamity') extends the same semantic range to describe a catastrophic event that is beyond remedy. The conjunction-prefixed form (Jer 17:9, וְאָנֻשׁ 'and incurable', describing the deceitful heart) is syntactically variant but semantically identical. All Qal passive participle and adjectival uses belong to this single sense of irremediable affliction. 8×
AR["الْبَلِيَّةِ","عَسِيرٌ","عَسِيرٍ","عَسِيرَةَ","مُؤلِمٌ","مُسْتَعْصِيَةٌ","وَ-مَرِيضٌ"]·ben["অসাধ্য","আর-মরণশীল","চিরস্থায়ী","নিরাময়","বিপদের"]·DE["Mensch","[אנושה]","[ואנש]"]·EN["Incurable","and-incurable","disaster","incurable"]·FR["et-incurable","homme","incurable","ordonner","אנוש"]·heb["אנוש","אנושה","ו-אנוש"]·HI["असाध्य","और-रोगी","घायल","लाइलाज","विपत्ति-का"]·ID["bencana","dan-jahat","fatal","parah","tidak-dapat-disembuhkan","yang-tak-tersembuhkan"]·IT["Neco","e-Neco","incurabile","incurable","uomo"]·jav["awrat","ingkang-awrat","kasangsaran","lan-sakit-sanget","mboten-saged-mantun","mboten-saged-mari","sakit"]·KO["그리고-불치의다","낫지-못하는","낫지-못할","불치의","재앙의","치료할-수-없다","치명적이다"]·PT["Incurável","desastre","e-incurável","incurável","incurável,"]·RU["Неизлечима","бедствия","и-неисцелимо","неизлечимы","неисцелимой","смертельна"]·ES["Incurable","calamidad","e-incurable","incurable"]·SW["haiponyeki","haliwezi-kuponywa","na-umeharibika-sana","ni-mbaya","ya-maafa","yasiyoponyeka"]·TR["felâketin","sifa-bulmaz","ve-hasta","ölümcül","şiddetli","şifasız"]·urd["اور-لاعلاج","لاعلاج","لاعلاج-ہے","مصیبت-کا"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. became mortally ill — A Niphal consecutive imperfect form (וַיֵּאָנַשׁ) denoting the onset of a severe, life-threatening illness. This occurrence in 2 Samuel 12:15, describing the child born to David and Bathsheba who 'became (mortally) ill', represents a genuinely distinct verbal sense: an ingressive Niphal indicating the transition into a state of dangerous sickness, rather than the static adjectival description of an existing incurable condition. The multilingual glosses confirm a verbal/eventive reading: German/English 'he became ill', Arabic وَمَرِضَ (and he fell sick), Hindi बीमार हुआ (became sick), Korean 심히 아팠다 (was severely ill), Spanish 'enfermo' (fell ill). The Niphal stem marks this as a middle-voice process, distinguishing it from the stative-descriptive Qal participle used in prophetic and wisdom contexts. 1×
AR["وَمَرِضَ"]·ben["এবং-অসুস্থ-হল"]·DE["und-er-became-ill"]·EN["and-he-became-ill"]·FR["et-il-devint-ill"]·heb["ו-יאנש"]·HI["और-बीमार-हुआ"]·ID["dan-dia-sakit-parah"]·IT["e-egli-divenne-ill"]·jav["lan-gerah-sanget"]·KO["그리고-심히-아팠다"]·PT["e-adoeceu"]·RU["и-заболел"]·ES["y-enfermó"]·SW["akaugua-sana"]·TR["ve-hastalandı"]·urd["اور-بیمار-ہوا"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [אָנַשׁ] vb. be weak, sick (Assyrian anâšu ZimBP 56, 70; Wetzst in DePsalmen, ed. 4, 882 der. from II. אנשׁ per antiphrasin; DlPr 160 identified with III. אנשׁ; v. also DePsalmen, ed. 4, 904; so LagBN 60, who comp. سَيْف أَنِيث, weichliches d.h. stumpfes Schwert. It seems safer at present to keep the three distinct). Qal Pt. pass. אָנוּשׁ Jb 34:6 +; אֲנוּשָׁה Je 15:18; Mi 1:9 & so read ψ…