2. narrowed, closed (windows) — Qal passive participle sense: closed, narrowed, or shut, describing architectural features -- specifically the latticed or narrowed windows in Solomon's Temple (1 Kings 6:4) and in Ezekiel's visionary temple (Ezekiel 40:16; 41:16,26). The passive form indicates a state of being constructed narrow or closed rather than a volitional act of shutting. Multilingual glosses reflect the architectural meaning: English 'narrowed,' Arabic mughlaqah (closed), Korean jwahjyeojin/makhin (blocked/narrowed), Spanish estrechas/cerradas (narrow/closed). 4×
AR["الْمُغْلَقَةُ","مُغْلَقَةً","مُغْلَقَةٌ"]·ben["-সংকীর্ণ","জালিযুক্ত","সংকীর্ণ"]·DE["[אטמות]","[האטמות]","narrowed"]·EN["narrowed","the-narrowed"]·FR["[אטמות]","[האטמות]","narrowed"]·heb["אטומות","אטומים","ה-אטומות"]·HI["बंद","बन्द"]·ID["berterali","tertutup","yang-berterali"]·IT["[אטמות]","[האטמות]","narrowed"]·jav["ciut","ingkang-nutup","kang-nutup"]·KO["그-막힌","막힌","좁아지는","좌혀진"]·PT["estreitas","fechadas"]·RU["закрытые"]·ES["cerradas","estrechas","las-estrechas"]·SW["yaliyofungwa"]·TR["dar","kapalı"]·urd["بند","جالیدار"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. shut, stop (ears) — Qal active participle and Hif'il imperfect sense: to shut or stop up, specifically of closing one's ears to refuse to hear cries, pleas, or moral instruction. Found in Proverbs 17:28 (stopping his ear from the cry of the poor), Proverbs 21:13 (stopping his ear), Isaiah 33:15 (stopping his ears from hearing of bloodshed), and Psalm 58:4 (the deaf adder that stops its ear). The active subject deliberately refuses sensory input as a moral or volitional act. Multilingual glosses confirm the stopping/shutting action (Arabic sadda/yughliqu, Korean damuneun ja/mangneun ja, Spanish el que cierra). 4×
AR["السَّادُّ","ضامُّ","مَنْ-يَسُدُّ","يُغلِقُ"]·ben["যে-বন্ধ-করে"]·DE["[אטם]","der-stops"]·EN["shutting","stopping","that-stops","who-stops"]·FR["[אטם]","fermer","אטם"]·heb["אוטם","יאטם"]·HI["बंद-करता-है","बंद-करनेवाला"]·ID["Siapa-menutup","siapa-menutup","yang-menutup"]·IT["[אטם]","[יאטם]","shutting","stopping"]·jav["nutup","tiyang-kang-nutup"]·KO["다무는-자는","막는-자는","막는-자이다","막도다"]·PT["O-que-fecha","o-que-fecha","que-tapa","tapa"]·RU["затворяющий","затыкающий"]·ES["El-que-cierra","cierra","el-que-cierra"]·SW["anayefunga","azibaye","azibe","inayoziba"]·TR["kapatan","tıkayan"]·urd["بند-کرنے-والا","بَند-کَرے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [אטם] vb. shut, shut up (Mish. אטם, cf. אוֹטֶם stoppage, Aramaic אֲטַם; Ar. أَطَمَ contract, stop, أُطُمٌ fortress; As. aṭamu, in list of headgear, etc. = turban? DlW, No. 155)— Qal Pt. act. אֹטֵם Pr 17:28 + 2 textual; pass. אֲטֻמִים 1 K 6:4; אֲטֻמוֹת Ez 40:16 + 2 times;—shut, stop, obj. lips Pr 17:28; ears 21:13 Is 33:15; pass. = closed (i.e. narrowed, narrowing, cf. 𝔖 in Co) חַלּוֹנוֹת א׳ Ez…