φθῐν-οπωρῐνός G5352
Late-autumn, pertaining to the season after harvest when fruit has withered and fallen
This rare adjective describes the bleak end of autumn, when trees that should bear fruit stand barren and lifeless. In Jude's vivid imagery, it captures the spiritual sterility of false teachers—like orchards past harvest time that yield nothing. The multilingual evidence (Spanish 'de-otoño,' French 'd'automne') confirms the temporal-seasonal sense, while the singular New Testament usage in Jude 1:12 employs it metaphorically to depict those who promise nourishment but deliver only emptiness.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Describes the late autumn season, specifically the period when fruit has fallen and trees stand bare. The single New Testament occurrence in Jude 1:12 uses this temporal marker metaphorically: fruitless trees in late autumn exemplify teachers who appear life-giving but offer no spiritual sustenance. Cross-linguistic glosses emphasize the autumnal timing rather than the fruitlessness itself, suggesting the word primarily denotes a season. 1×
amh["የበልግ"]·AR["خريفية"]·ben["শরৎকালীন"]·ces["podzimní"]·dan["efterårs-"]·DE["herbstliche"]·ell["φθινοπωρινά"]·EN["late-autumn"]·FR["d'automne"]·guj["પાનખરનાં"]·hat["otòn"]·hau["na-kaka"]·heb["סתוויים"]·HI["पतझड़-के"]·hun["őszi"]·ID["musim-gugur"]·IT["autunnali"]·jav["lurung-gugur"]·JA["秋-の"]·KO["늦가을의"]·mar["शरद-ऋतूतील"]·mya["ဆောင်းဉတုနှောင်းပိုင်း၌"]·nld["herfstachtige"]·nor["sent-høstlige"]·pnb["پت-جھڑ-دے"]·pol["jesienne"]·PT["outonais"]·ron["de-toamnă-târzie"]·RU["осенние"]·ES["de-otoño"]·SW["ya-mwisho-wa-msimu"]·swe["sena-höstens"]·tam["இலையுதிர்கால"]·tel["శరత్కాలపు"]·tgl["taglagas"]·TH["ปลายฤดูใบไม้ร่วง"]·TR["sonbaharlık"]·ukr["осінні"]·urd["خزاں-کے"]·VI["cuối-mùa-thu"]·yor["ìgbà-ìrúwé"]·yue["秋天-嘅"]·ZH["深秋的"]
Related Senses
H3117 1. day, specific time (2231×)H5704 1. until, unto, as far as (1238×)H8141 1. year, unit of time (880×)H6258 1. and now (421×)G2250 1. day (388×)H5750 1. again, more, further (288×)H5769 1. forever, to eternity (280×)H6256 1. time, period (264×)H2320 1. month, calendar period (260×)H0310a 2. after (temporal) (258×)H3915 1. night, period of darkness (234×)H1242 1. morning (214×)H5750 2. still, yet (continuative) (166×)G5119 1. then (160×)G3568 1. now (147×)G2193 1. until (143×)G3825 1. (141×)G3752 1. (123×)H6153 1. evening, time of day (123×)H0227a 1. then (122×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
φθῐν-οπωρῐνός, ή, όν, autumnal, Refs 5th c.BC+