τροφ-ή G5160
Food, nourishment, or sustenance; what is eaten to sustain life, used literally of meals and figuratively of spiritual provision.
Trophe covers anything consumed for bodily sustenance, from John the Baptist’s austere diet of locusts and wild honey (Matt 3:4) to the regular rations a faithful steward distributes (Matt 24:45; Luke 12:42). Jesus teaches that life is more than food (Matt 6:25; Luke 12:23), relativizing its importance without denying its necessity. In Acts, the word describes both ordinary meals (Acts 2:46; 27:33-36) and the general concept of provisions. Spanish alimento, French nourriture, and German Nahrung/Speise all render it with basic sustenance terms, reflecting a tightly unified semantic range centered on physical nourishment.
Senses
1. food — Food or nourishment taken to sustain the body; sustenance in the broadest sense. It covers the specific diet of John the Baptist (Matt 3:4), the daily rations a household manager dispenses (Matt 24:45; Luke 12:42), and the meals shared by the early church (Acts 2:46). Jesus uses it in his teaching that life transcends food (Matt 6:25; Luke 12:23), and Paul urges shipwrecked companions to take nourishment for survival (Acts 27:33-36). The worker’s right to food underscores its association with just provision (Matt 10:10). Cross-linguistic glosses consistently select basic sustenance terms, confirming a single cohesive sense. 16×
AR["الطَّعامَ", "الطَّعامِ", "الطَّعَامُ", "الطَّعَامِ", "طَعامًا", "طَعامِ", "طَعامِهِ", "طَعَامًا", "طَعَامُهُ"]·ben["খাদ্য", "খাদ্যে", "খাদ্যের", "খাদ্যের,", "খাদ্যের-চেয়ে", "খাবার", "খাবারের"]·DE["Nahrung", "Speise"]·EN["food", "of-food", "with-food"]·FR["nourriture"]·heb["אֹכֶל", "מְזוֹנוֹ", "מִמָּזוֹן", "מַאֲכָל", "מָזוֹן"]·HI["-हृदय-की", "भोजन", "भोजन-का", "भोजन-की", "भोजन-से", "भोजनका", "भोजनका।", "भोजनकी", "भोजनसे"]·ID["makanan", "makanan,", "makanan."]·IT["cibo", "nutrimento", "trophē", "trophēs"]·jav["dhaharan", "dhaharan,", "dhaharan.", "tedha", "tedha,", "tedhanipun", "tedhannipun", "tetedhan", "tèdha", "tédhaan,"]·KO["먹이-는", "양식이,", "음식", "음식-을", "음식들-을", "음식보다", "음식에", "음식으로", "음식은", "음식을", "음식의"]·PT["alimento", "alimento,", "alimento.", "alimentos", "de-alimento", "de-alimento,", "sustento"]·RU["пища", "пищей", "пищи", "пищи,", "пищу", "пропитания"]·ES["alimento", "alimentos", "de-alimento"]·SW["chakula", "kwa"]·TR["besin", "besininin", "sevinç", "yiyecek", "yiyecekle", "yiyecekten", "yiyeceğe", "yiyeceği", "yiyeceğine"]·urd["خریدیں", "خوراک", "خوراک-سے", "خوراک٬", "کھانا"]
Matt 3:4, Matt 6:25, Matt 10:10, Matt 24:45, Luke 12:23, John 4:8, Acts 2:46, Acts 9:19, Acts 14:17, Acts 27:33, Acts 27:34, Acts 27:36 (+4 more)
Related Senses
H8081 1. oil (substance) (180×)H3196 1. wine (fermented grape juice) (141×)H1706 1. honey (54×)H4682 1. unleavened bread/cakes (53×)H2461 1. milk (42×)H8492 1. new wine / must (38×)H0400 1. food, nourishment (36×)G3631 1. wine (34×)H3978 1. food, nourishment (30×)H1314 1. spice / perfume / balsam (29×)H7416 1. pomegranate (fruit/ornament) (28×)H3323 1. fresh oil, olive oil (23×)H2964 1. prey, torn flesh (19×)H3899 2. food, sustenance (19×)G1033 1. food (17×)H5561 1. spices, aromatic substances (16×)H0402 1. food, nourishment (14×)G2219 1. leaven (13×)H4478a 1. manna (13×)G1637 1. olive oil (11×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
τροφ-ή, ἡ, (τρέφω) nourishment, food, NT+5th c.BC+; the means of maintaining an army, provisions, forage, τροφὴν παρέχειν Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 βίου τροφαί way of life, livelihood, living, Refs 5th c.BC+; τροφή alone, δουλίαν ἕξειν τροφήν Refs 5th c.BC+: then, simply, mode of life, δίκην τίνουσαι τῆς προτέρας τ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 that which provides or procures sustenance, as the bow of…