σπένδω G4689
To be poured out as a drink offering; to sacrifice oneself completely in service
Σπένδω means to pour out a drink offering (libation), a ritual act in ancient worship where wine was poured on an altar or ground as an offering to God. Paul uses this imagery metaphorically to describe his own life and ministry as being poured out like a sacrificial libation. In Philippians 2:17, he expresses readiness to be poured out as a drink offering accompanying the Philippians' faith. In 2 Timothy 4:6, sensing his approaching death, Paul declares 'I am already being poured out'—his life is the final libation of his ministry. The imagery combines sacrifice, completion, and costly devotion.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Both occurrences use the present passive form (σπένδομαι, 'I am being poured out'), suggesting ongoing process rather than sudden event. Philippians 2:17 presents the possibility hypothetically but willingly; 2 Timothy 4:6 declares it as current reality with Paul's execution imminent. Ancient libations were poured before drinking, on altars, or on the ground as acts of worship and covenant. Paul transforms this ritual into a metaphor for martyrdom and ministerial completion. 2×
AR["أُسْكَبُ", "كُنْتُ-أُسْكَبُ"]·ben["ঢালা-হই", "ঢেলে-দেওয়া-হচ্ছে,"]·DE["ausgegossen-werden"]·EN["I-am-poured-out", "am-being-poured-out"]·FR["σπένδομαι"]·heb["נִסְךְ", "נִסָּךְ"]·HI["बलिदअन-होत-होओन,", "मैन-उन्देल-जत-हुन"]·ID["aku dicurahkan", "dicurahkan"]·IT["spendomai"]·jav["kacurah,", "kula-dipunsosaken"]·KO["부어지면", "부어짐-당하고-있다"]·PT["sou-derramado"]·RU["возливаюсь"]·ES["soy-derramado"]·SW["ninamiminiwa", "ninaminwa"]·TR["dokuluyorsam", "dökülüyorum"]·urd["انڈیلا-جا-رہا-ہوں", "انڈیلا-جاؤں"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σπένδω, Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect subjunctive 2nd pers. singular σπένδῃσθα Refs 8th c.BC+: Ionic dialect imperfect σπένδεσκον Refs 8th c.BC+: future σπείσω LXX+5th c.BC+: aorist ἔσπεισα Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect σπεῖσα Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect subjunctive σπείσομεν, for -ωμεν, Refs: perfect ἔσπεικα Refs 1st c.AD+:—middle, aorist ἐσπεισάμην Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, aorist ἐσπείσθην Refs…