προφθάνω G4399
to anticipate, precede, or arrive before someone else; to get ahead of
This verb means to arrive before someone else, to anticipate or precede another in action. In classical usage it described outrunning or being beforehand in speech or action. Matthew employs this term in the temple tax narrative, where Jesus anticipates Peter's question before Peter can even ask it. The multilingual glosses emphasize the temporal priority: Spanish 'se le adelantó' (got ahead of him), French 'devancer' (to precede), pointing to Jesus' supernatural knowledge that allows him to speak first. This demonstrates Jesus' divine insight into human thoughts.
Senses
1. sense 1 — In Matthew 17:25, as Peter is about to speak about the temple tax, 'Jesus spoke to him first,' anticipating Peter's question. The verb captures Jesus getting ahead of Peter, addressing the issue before Peter raises it. Spanish 'se le adelantó' (he got ahead of him) and French 'devancer' (to precede, anticipate) both emphasize Jesus speaking first. The classical lexicon confirms this verb means to outrun or anticipate, to be beforehand. This detail reveals Jesus' omniscience—he knows Peter's thoughts and concerns before they are voiced, another subtle sign of his divine nature embedded in the gospel narrative. 1×
AR["سَبَقَهُ"]·ben["আগে-ভাবলেন"]·DE["προέφθασεν"]·EN["anticipated"]·FR["devancer"]·heb["הִקְדִּים"]·HI["पेहले-बोल"]·ID["mendahului"]·IT["proephthasen"]·jav["rumiyin"]·KO["먼저-말씀하셨다"]·PT["antecipou-se"]·RU["предупредил"]·ES["se-le-adelantó"]·SW["alimtangulia"]·TR["önce-davrandı"]·urd["پہلے-ہی-کہا"]
Related Senses
H0935 1. come, arrive (Qal) (2413×)G1473 1. first person singular pronoun (2084×)H3318 1. Qal: go out, depart, come forth (891×)H7725 1. to return, come/go back (Qal) (874×)H5927 1. go up, ascend (Qal) (779×)H7971 1. to send, dispatch (Qal) (701×)G2064 1. come / arrive (physical movement toward) (588×)H5307 1. Qal: fall down physically (339×)H5375 1. Qal: to lift up, raise (330×)H5975 1. to stand, stand up (310×)H5674a 1. Qal: pass by, pass through (256×)H3381 1. Qal: to go down, descend (physical movement) (242×)G1831 1. go/come out physically (193×)H5337 1. deliver, rescue, save (Hifil) (188×)H7901 1. lie down, rest, sleep (183×)G1525 1. enter a place physically (179×)H7812 1. prostrate oneself, bow down, worship (173×)H3318 2. Hifil: bring out, lead out, take out (persons) (172×)H7725 2. to bring back, restore (Hifil) (151×)H5674a 2. Qal: cross over (134×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
προφθάνω [ᾰ], outrun, anticipate, with accusative, προφθάσασα καρδία γλῶσσαν Refs 5th c.BC+: with participle, προὔφθης με παρακύψασα LXX+5th c.BC+ __2 absolutely, to be beforehand, στόματι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist middle, προφθάμενος Refs 3rd c.BC+