πνευμᾰτ-ικός G4152
Spiritual; pertaining to the Holy Spirit, the unseen divine realm, or Spirit-given endowments.
Derived from pneuma (spirit/wind), this adjective in the New Testament has moved far from its classical sense of 'airy' or 'wind-driven.' Paul is its primary user, deploying it to describe realities shaped by God's Spirit as opposed to merely natural or fleshly existence. In Romans 7:14 the law itself is 'spiritual,' while in 1 Corinthians 2:13-15 the 'spiritual person' discerns what the natural person cannot. When used substantively (1 Cor 12:1; 14:1), it denotes Spirit-given gifts or matters. Every major translation language renders this identically -- 'espiritual,' 'spirituel,' 'geistlich' -- reflecting its stable theological meaning across Christian tradition.
Senses
1. spiritual — Pertaining to or characterized by the divine Spirit; spiritual in nature, origin, or quality. Used adjectivally to describe persons, realities, or qualities shaped by God's pneuma rather than by the flesh. Paul calls the law 'spiritual' (Rom 7:14), contrasts the spiritual person with the natural (1 Cor 2:15; 3:1), and speaks of spiritual blessings (Eph 1:3). The uniform rendering across languages ('espiritual/spirituel/geistlich') confirms a stable, well-understood theological concept. 21×
AR["الرّوحانِيُّ", "الرّوحِيَّ", "الرّوحِيَّاتِ", "الرّوحِيُّ", "روحانِيّينَ", "روحيًّا", "روحيَّةً", "روحِيًّا", "روحِيٌّ", "روحِيٍّ", "روحِيَّاتٍ", "روحِيَّةً", "روحِيَّةٍ", "رُوحِيٌّ"]·ben["আত্মিক", "আত্মিক,", "আত্মিক-গুলোর", "আত্মিক।", "আত্মিকদের", "আত্মিকদের,"]·DE["geistlich"]·EN["a-spiritual", "spiritual", "to-spiritual"]·FR["spirituel"]·heb["הָרוּחָנִי", "רוּחָנִי", "רוּחָנִיִּים", "רוּחָנִיִּם", "רוּחָנִיּוֹת", "רוּחָנִיים", "רוּחָנִית"]·HI["अतमिक", "आत्मिक", "आत्मिकों", "आत्मिकों-को"]·ID["orang-rohani", "roh-roh", "rohani", "rohani,", "rohani.", "rohani;"]·IT["spirituale"]·jav["-karohanen", "karohanen", "kasukman", "rohani", "rohani,", "rohani;", "tiyang-rohani"]·KO["신령적인", "신령적인-것이", "신령적인-것이니라", "신령한", "신령한-것이다", "영적", "영적인", "영적인-것들-에", "영적인-자가", "영적인-자는", "영적인-자들-에게"]·PT["a-espirituais", "espirituais", "espirituais;", "espiritual", "espiritual,", "espiritual.", "forças-espirituais"]·RU["духовное", "духовной", "духовном", "духовную", "духовные", "духовный", "духовный,", "духовным", "духовными", "духовных", "духовных;", "есть"]·ES["a-espirituales", "espiritual", "espirituales", "espirituales-a"]·SW["cha-kiroho", "cha-kiroho,", "kwa-wale-wa-kiroho", "mwamba-wa-kiroho", "wa-kiroho", "wa-kiroho,", "watu-wa-kiroho,", "ya-kiroho", "za-kiroho"]·TR["ama-", "gibi-", "o-", "ruhsal", "ruhsallara", "soyleyerek", "sözlerle"]·urd["روحانی", "روحانی،", "روحانیوں", "روحانیوں-کے-لیے", "رُوحانی"]
Rom 1:11, Rom 7:14, 1 Cor 2:13, 1 Cor 2:15, 1 Cor 3:1, 1 Cor 10:3, 1 Cor 10:4, 1 Cor 10:4, 1 Cor 14:37, 1 Cor 15:44, 1 Cor 15:44, 1 Cor 15:46 (+9 more)
2. spiritual things — Spiritual things, gifts, or matters -- the adjective used substantively (ta pneumatika). Paul uses this especially when discussing charismatic endowments: 'concerning spiritual gifts' (1 Cor 12:1; 14:1). In Rom 15:27 and 1 Cor 9:11 he contrasts 'spiritual things' sown with 'material things' reaped, establishing an economy between the two. Spanish 'espirituales-cosas' makes the substantive use explicit. 5×
AR["-الرُّوحِيَّاتِ", "الرّوحِيَّاتِ", "روحِيَّاتٍ"]·ben["আত্মিক", "আত্মিক-বিষয়সমূহের,", "আত্মিকে"]·DE["geistlich"]·EN["spiritual-gifts", "spiritual-things"]·FR["spirituel"]·heb["רוּחָנִיִּים", "רוּחָנִיוֹת"]·HI["आत्मिक", "आत्मिक-बातों-में", "आत्मिकों"]·ID["hal-rohani", "hal-rohani,", "karunia-rohani", "rohani"]·IT["spirituale"]·jav["kasukman", "kasukman,", "peparingan-rohani", "rohani"]·KO["영적인-것들", "영적인-것들-에", "영적인-것들을"]·PT["coisas-espirituais,", "espirituais", "espirituais,", "espirituais-coisas"]·RU["духовное", "духовном", "духовном,", "их"]·ES["espirituales", "espirituales-cosas"]·SW["mambo-ya-kiroho", "vya-kiroho", "za-kiroho"]·TR["o-", "ruhsal olanlara", "ruhsal-şeylerine"]·urd["روحانی", "روحانی-باتیں", "روحانی-نعمتوں", "روحانی-چیزیں", "رُوحانی-چیزوں-کو"]
Related Senses
G2316 1. God, the true God (1315×)H6635b 1. hosts, armies (of YHWH) (286×)H0410 1. God, the true God (223×)G0032 1. heavenly angel (170×)H4397 2. messenger, envoy, ambassador (102×)H3742 1. cherub, angelic guardian being (91×)H0430 2. gods (pagan deities) (81×)H0426 1. God, the true God (76×)G1140 1. demon, evil spirit (62×)H0433 1. God, the true God (54×)H5945b 1. Most High (30×)H0426 2. god(s), pagan deities (20×)H5943 1. [ketiv:Most High] (18×)G1139 1. be demon-possessed (13×)H1712 1. Dagon (13×)G2316 2. god, pagan deity (12×)G5310 1. Most High (9×)H0410 3. a god, deity (generic) (9×)H3645 1. Chemosh (9×)H0842 2. Asherah (goddess) (8×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πνευμᾰτ-ικός, ή, όν, of wind or air, κινήσεις Refs 4th c.BC+; π. [ὄργανον] a machine moved by wind, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 of the nature of wind or air, τὰ π. Refs 4th c.BC+; π. ξηρότης, i. e. a dry vapour, Refs 1st c.AD+ __2.b of subtle substance, τὸ π. Refs 1st c.BC+; οὐσία, opposed to ὑγρά, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 inflated, distended with air, ὑστέραι Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 active (= πνευματώδης Refs,…