ὅπως G3704
A conjunction expressing purpose ('so that, in order that') or manner ('how, in what way').
Used overwhelmingly in the New Testament as a purpose conjunction meaning 'so that' or 'in order that,' introducing the goal or intended result of an action. In a handful of passages it retains its older interrogative force, meaning 'how' or 'in what way,' as when the Pharisees plot how they might entrap Jesus (Matt 22:15). The multilingual evidence strongly confirms the split: Spanish para que and German damit uniformly render the purpose sense, while Spanish como captures the interrogative.
Senses
1. so that — Purpose conjunction: 'so that, in order that.' Introduces the intended result or goal of an action. Found across nearly every NT genre. Spanish para que, French afin que, and German damit all converge on purposive meaning (Matt 2:8; Matt 5:16). This is by far the dominant usage, appearing about 50 times. 50×
AR["أَن", "كَيفَ", "لِ-", "لِكَي", "لِكَيْ"]·ben["যাতে", "যেন"]·DE["damit"]·EN["so-that", "so-that-", "that"]·FR["afin-que"]·heb["אֵיךְ", "כְּדֵי", "לְ-מַעַן", "לְמַעַן", "שֶׁ-"]·HI["कि", "तअकि", "ताकि"]·ID["supaya"]·IT["affinché"]·jav["kados-pundi", "supados"]·KO["-위하여", "-하도록", "~하기-위하여", "~하도록", "~하려고", "위하여", "하여"]·PT["para-que", "que"]·RU["чтобы"]·ES["de-modo-que", "para-que", "que"]·SW["ije", "ili", "jinsi"]·TR["-sin-diye", "-sın-diye", "için", "ki", "öyle-ki"]·urd["آ-کر", "تاکہ", "کہ"]
2. how — Interrogative adverb of manner: 'how, in what way.' Retains the classical Greek interrogative force, asking about the means or method. Spanish como and the shift away from purposive glosses confirm this distinct sense. Occurs in deliberative contexts where opponents strategize against Jesus (Matt 22:15; Mark 3:6; Luke 24:20). 3×
AR["كَيفَ", "كَيْفَ"]·ben["কিভাবে", "কী-করে", "যেন"]·DE["damit", "damit-"]·EN["how"]·FR["afin-que"]·heb["אֵיךְ", "כְּדֵי", "כֵּיצַד"]·HI["उसे", "कैसे", "ताकि"]·ID["Bagaimana", "bagaimana", "supaya"]·IT["affinché"]·jav["kados-pundi", "kepiye", "supados"]·KO["-하여", "어떻게"]·PT["como", "de-como"]·RU["как"]·ES["cómo", "para-que"]·SW["jinsi", "yeye"]·TR["nasıl"]·urd["تاکہ", "کیسے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ὅπως, Epic dialect also and Aeolic dialect ὅππως, Ionic dialect ὅκως, Doric dialect ὁπῶς accusative to Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb of Manner, Relat. as, in such manner as, and with interrogative force how, in what manner, rarely indefinite, see below Refs 4th c.BC+ __B FINAL CONJUNCTION, in such a manner that, in order that. adverb of Manner, how, as: __B.I Relat. to ὥς or οὕτως (like ὡς), in such…