κατακαίω G2618
To burn up completely or consume by fire, whether actively setting ablaze or passively being consumed in flames.
Katakaioo intensifies the basic verb 'to burn' with the prefix kata-, signaling thorough, complete combustion. John the Baptist warns that the Coming One 'will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire' (Matt 3:12; Luke 3:17), and Jesus' parable instructs servants to 'gather the weeds and burn them' (Matt 13:30). In the passive, Revelation's apocalyptic imagery depicts a third of the earth being burned up (Rev 8:7) and Babylon consumed in flames (Rev 18:8). Spanish distinguishes active 'quemará' (he will burn) from passive 'fue quemada' (she was burned), while both French 'brûler/consumer' and German 'verbrennen' preserve the totality of destruction this word conveys.
Senses
1. to be burned up, consumed by fire (passive) — The passive experience of being consumed or destroyed by fire. In Matt 13:40, the weeds 'are burned' as an image of eschatological judgment. Paul warns that a builder whose work does not survive testing will suffer loss as it 'is burned up' (1 Cor 3:15). Hebrews 13:11 notes that sacrificial animals were 'burned outside the camp.' Revelation's visions of cosmic fire -- a third of trees burned (Rev 8:7), the great city burned (Rev 18:8) -- employ this passive voice to depict overwhelming, unstoppable destruction. Spanish 'es quemada' and 'será quemada' emphasize the subject's helplessness before the consuming flames. 7×
AR["احْتَرَقَ", "تُحْرَقُ", "سَتُحْرَقُ", "يَحْتَرِقُ", "يُحرَقُ"]·ben["পুড়ে-গেল,", "পুড়ে-গেল।", "পুড়ে-যাবে,", "পোড়া-হবে", "পোড়ানো-হয়"]·DE["verbrennen", "κατακαίεται"]·EN["are-burned", "is-burned", "she-will-be-burned", "was-burned-up", "will-be-burned"]·FR["brûler", "consumer"]·heb["יִשָׂרֵף", "נִשְׂרְפָה", "נִשְׂרְפוֹת", "נִשְׂרַף", "נִשְׂרָף", "תִּשָּׂרֵף"]·HI["जल-गई", "जल-गई।", "जल-जाएगा", "जलअय-जअतअ-है", "जलाई-जाएगी", "जलाए-जाते-हैं"]·ID["dibakar", "ia-akan-dibakar", "terbakar", "terbakar,", "terbakar."]·IT["bruciare", "katakaietai"]·jav["badhé-kaobong", "dipunobong", "kaobong", "kaobong,"]·KO["그녀가-불태워질-것이다", "불타리라", "불탔느니라", "불탔으니", "태워지듯이", "태워진다"]·PT["foi-queimada", "for-queimada", "será-queimada", "são-queimados", "é-queimado"]·RU["будет-сожжена", "сгорела,", "сгорела.", "сгорит", "сжигаются"]·ES["es-quemada", "fue-quemada", "será-quemada", "son-quemados"]·SW["atateketezwa;", "ikateketezwa,", "inachomwa", "itateketezwa,", "yakateketezwa.", "yanachomwa"]·TR["o-", "yakılacak", "yakılır", "yandı"]·urd["جل-جائے", "جل-گئی", "جلائی-جائے-گی", "جلائے-جاتے-ہیں", "جلایا-جاتا-ہے"]
2. to burn up, consume by fire (active) — The active, transitive act of setting fire to something and burning it completely. John the Baptist proclaims that the Messiah 'will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire' (Matt 3:12; Luke 3:17), and Jesus commands that the weeds be bound and burned (Matt 13:30). In Acts 19:19, Ephesian converts 'burned' their magic scrolls publicly. Revelation 17:16 describes the beast and the ten horns who 'will burn her with fire.' Spanish 'quemará' (he will burn) and German 'verbrennen' capture the deliberate, purposeful agency of the one who ignites the blaze. 5×
AR["حَرقِهَا", "سَيُحرِقونَها", "سَيُحْرِقُ", "سَيُحْرِقُهُ", "وَأَحْرَقُوهَا"]·ben["তারা-পোড়াত", "পুড়িয়ে-দেবেন", "পোড়াতে", "পোড়াবে", "পোড়াবেন"]·DE["verbrennen", "κατέκαιον", "κατακαύσει", "κατακαῦσαι"]·EN["he-will-burn", "they-will-burn", "to-burn", "were-burning", "will-burn"]·FR["brûler", "consumer"]·heb["יִשְׂרְפוּ", "יִשְׂרֹף", "שְׂרֵפָה", "שָׂרְפוּ"]·HI["जलअने-के", "जला-दीं", "जला-देंगे", "जला-देगा", "जलाएगा"]·ID["akan-dibakar", "akan-membakar", "dibakar", "membakar"]·IT["bruciare", "katakausai", "katakausei"]·jav["badhé-ngobong", "ngobong"]·KO["똘웠다", "불태우라", "태울-것이니", "태울-것이다"]·PT["queimar", "queimará", "queimarão", "queimavam"]·RU["сжечь", "сжигали", "сожгут", "сожжёт"]·ES["quemaban", "quemarla", "quemará", "quemarán"]·SW["atateketeza", "atayachoma", "kuchomwa", "walivichoma", "watamteketeza"]·TR["yakacak", "yakacaklar", "yakmak", "yakıyorlardı"]·urd["جلائیں-گے", "جلائے-گا", "جلاتے-تھے", "جلانے-کے-لیے"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κατακαίω, Attic dialect κατακάω [ᾱ], Epic dialect infinitive κατακαιέμεν Refs 8th c.BC+: future -καύσωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist κατέκαυσα Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular κατέκηε Refs 8th c.BC+; 1st pers. plural subjunctive κατακήομεν (variant{-κείομεν}) Refs 8th c.BC+; infinitive κατακῆαι Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect -κέκαυκαRefs 5th c.BC+:—passive, future -καυθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+,…