Katharos is the Greek adjective for clean or pure, spanning ritual, moral, and physical registers across its 27 NT occurrences. Jesus' Beatitude 'Blessed are the pure in heart' (Matt 5:8) sets the moral-spiritual keynote, while his debates with the Pharisees sharpen the contrast between outward ritual cleanliness and inward purity: 'clean the inside of the cup' (Matt 23:26; Luke 11:41). At the Last Supper, Jesus tells the disciples 'you are clean, but not all of you,' pointing to Judas (John 13:10-11), and later declares them clean 'because of the word I have spoken' (John 15:3). Paul appropriates the term for apostolic innocence — 'I am clean from the blood of all' (Acts 18:6; 20:26). In the Pastorals and Titus, katharos modifies conscience and heart: 'from a pure heart and a good conscience' (1 Tim 1:5; 3:9; 2 Tim 1:3; 2:22; Titus 1:15). Revelation extends it to physical splendor: 'fine linen, bright and pure' (Rev 15:6; 19:8, 14; 21:18, 21). Spanish 'limpio,' French 'pur,' and German 'rein' each cover the full range.