ἔξωθεν G1855
From outside, outwardly; denoting external origin, outer surface, or outward appearance in contrast to what is within.
An adverb meaning 'from outside' or 'outwardly,' used to mark the external surface or origin of something as opposed to its interior. In Jesus' memorable rebuke of the Pharisees (Matt 23:25-28), the word draws a sharp contrast between outward religious polish and inner corruption — cups clean on the outside but filthy within, whitewashed tombs beautiful externally but full of dead bones. Mark 7:15, 18 similarly distinguishes what enters a person from outside versus what comes from within the heart. The multilingual evidence uniformly renders this as 'from outside' (Spanish de afuera, French au-dehors, German von aussen), confirming a single consistent spatial sense across all thirteen occurrences.
Senses
1. from outside, outwardly, external — Spatial adverb indicating origin from outside, the outer surface, or external appearance as contrasted with the interior. In the Synoptic Gospels it appears in Jesus' teaching on inner versus outer purity: the outside of the cup (Matt 23:25), the outside of the tomb (Matt 23:27), and what enters from outside the body (Mark 7:15, 18). Languages consistently translate with directional 'from-outside' glosses (Spanish de afuera, French au-dehors), underscoring the uniform spatial orientation of the term. 13×
AR["الخارِجيَّ", "الخارِجَةَ", "الَّذينَ-مِنَ-الخارِجِ", "خارِجًا", "خارِجَ", "مِن-خارِجٍ", "مِنَ-الخارِجِ", "مِنْ-خَارِجٍ", "مِنْ-خَارِجِ"]·ben["বাইরে", "বাইরে-", "বাইরে-থেকে", "বাইরের", "বাইরের,", "বাহ্যিক"]·DE["von-aussen", "ἔξωθεν"]·EN["from-outside", "outside", "outward", "without"]·FR["au-dehors", "extérieur"]·heb["הַחוּץ", "הַחוּצָה", "חִיצוֹנִי", "חוּץ", "מִ-חוּץ", "מִבַּחוּץ", "מִחוּץ", "מִחוּץ-לְ-", "שֶׁמִּחוּץ"]·HI["बअहर-वअलोन", "बाहर", "बाहर-से", "बाहरी"]·ID["bagian-luar", "dari-luar", "di-luar", "ke-luar,", "luar", "orang-luar"]·IT["dal-di-fuori", "di-fuori", "exōthen"]·jav["ing-jawi", "ing-jawi,", "ing-njawi", "njawi", "saking-jawi", "saking-njawi"]·KO["바깥-을", "바깥-의", "바깥-자들,", "바깥으로는", "바깥을", "바깥의", "밖-에서", "밖으로"]·PT["de-fora", "exterior", "fora", "para-fora", "por-fora"]·RU["вне-", "внешнее", "внешний", "внешних", "вон,", "извне", "снаружи"]·ES["de-afuera", "de-fuera", "exterior", "fuera", "por-fuera"]·SW["kutoka-nje", "kwa-kweli", "nje", "nje,", "nje-ya", "wa-nje", "walio-nje", "ya-"]·TR["dışarıda", "dışarıdakilerden", "dışarıdan", "dışarıya", "dıştan", "dışında", "dışını", "çekiyorduk"]·urd["باہر", "باہر-سے", "باہر-والوں", "باہری"]
Matt 23:25, Matt 23:27, Matt 23:28, Mark 7:15, Mark 7:18, Luke 11:39, Luke 11:40, 2 Cor 7:5, 1 Tim 3:7, 1 Pet 3:3, Rev 11:2, Rev 11:2 (+1 more)
Related Senses
H8033 1. There (locative adverb) (835×)H7760a 1. put, place, set physically (444×)H8064 1. heavens / sky (329×)H5439 1. around, all around (spatial) (319×)H4057b 1. wilderness, desert region (270×)H3220 1. sea, body of water (269×)H0520a 1. cubit (unit of length) (246×)H0127 1. ground, land (territory) (210×)H3383 1. Jordan River (proper noun) (183×)G1093 1. earth, the world (176×)H5800a 1. forsake, abandon (Qal active) (166×)H8121 1. sun (celestial body) (133×)H7126 1. offer, present sacrificially (122×)H6828 1. north, cardinal direction (120×)H2351 1. outside, exterior space (119×)H5104 1. river, stream (119×)H7341 1. width, breadth (101×)G1563 1. there (95×)H7126 2. draw near, approach (95×)G2281 1. sea, large body of water (91×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἔξωθεν, rarely ἔξωθε Refs 2nd c.AD+, adverb, (ἔξω) from without or abroad, ἔ. εἴσω Refs 5th c.BC+ __II ={ἔξω}, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἔ. those outside, Refs 5th c.BC+ (but heathen in NT+4th c.BC+; τὰ ἔ. matters outside the house, opposed to τἄνδον, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ ἔ. πόλεις foreign states, Refs 5th c.BC+foreign to the subject, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.b with genitive, ἐντὸς ἢ ἔ. δόμω; Refs 5th c.BC+;…