ἐνδύω G1746
To put on, clothe, or dress; to array oneself or another in garments, armor, or spiritual qualities
Endyō is the New Testament's primary verb for clothing, stretching from the mundane act of getting dressed in the morning to Paul's soaring exhortation to 'put on the whole armor of God' (Eph 6:11) and 'clothe yourselves with Christ' (Gal 3:27). The middle voice ('clothe oneself') dominates, reflecting the voluntary act of assuming garments or virtues. But the verb also appears in passive states -- the rich man 'clothed in purple' (Luke 16:19) -- and in transitive acts of dressing another, as when the father commands servants to dress the prodigal son (Luke 15:22). French revêtir and Spanish vestir both preserve this versatile clothing metaphor.
Senses
1. put on, clothe oneself — To put on or clothe oneself, the active/middle sense of dressing in garments, armor, or figurative qualities. Dominant at 18 occurrences, covering both literal dressing (Mark 6:9, 'do not put on two tunics') and metaphorical investiture ('put on the Lord Jesus Christ,' Rom 13:14; 'put on the new self,' Eph 4:24). Spanish vestíos captures the reflexive middle voice naturally. 18×
AR["البَسوا","اِلبَسوا","اِلْبَسُوا","تَلبَسوا","تَلبَسونَ","تَلْبَسوا","تَلْبَسُونَ","لابِسينَ","لَابِسًا","لَبِستُم","وَ-لِنَلْبَسْ","يَلبَس","يَلبَسَ","يَلبَسُ"]·ben["তোমরা-পরিধান-কর","পর","পরতে","পরবে","পরবে।","পরিধান-কর","পরিধান-করতে-হবে","পরিধান-করি","পরিধান-করে","পরিধান-করেছিলে।","পরে","পরেছিল"]·DE["bekleiden","kleidet-an"]·EN["having-put-on","he-wore","let-us-put-on","put-on","puts-on","to-put-on","you-may-wear","you-might-put-on","you-put-on"]·FR["revêtir"]·heb["יִלְבַּשׁ","לְבַשְׁתֶּם","לִ-לְבֹּשׁ","לִבְשׁוּ","לִלְבּוֹשׁ","לָבַשְׁתֶּם","לָבַשׁ","לֹבְשִׁים","לוֹבְשִׁים","נִלְבַּשׁ","תִּלְבְּשׁוּ","תִּלְבַּשׁ","תִּלְבָּשׁוּ"]·HI["तुमने-पेहेन-लिय.","पहन-कर","पहन-ले","पहन-लेन","पहन-लो","पहनकर","पहनके","पहनता-था","पहनना","पहनें","पहनो","पहनोगे"]·ID["Kenakanlah","kalian-pakai","kamu-kenakan","kamu-pakai","kenakanlah","marilah-kita-mengenakan","mengenakan","yang-akan-kamu-kenakan"]·IT["rivestire"]·jav["Agemlah","Ngagem","kita-sami-nganggeni","ngagem","ngangem","nganggo","nyandhang","panjenengan-badhé-ngagem","panjenengan-sami-nganggeni","panjenengan-sampun-angèm.","panjenengan-sedaya-badhe-ngagem","sampun-ngagem","sampun-nyandhang"]·KO["입고","입기","입도록","입었노라.","입었다","입으라","입으면","입은-후에","입을지","입자"]·PT["Revesti-vos","revesti-vos","revestirdes","revistamo-nos","tendo-revestido","tendo-vestido","vestia","vestir-se","vestireis","vos-revestistes"]·RU["Облекитесь","надеть","облекитесь","облекитесь-в-","облеклись","облекшись","облечься","облечётся","облёкшись","одевайте","одевался","одевшись","одеться"]·ES["Vestíos","habiendo-vestido","habiéndonos-vestido","habiéndoos-vestido","os-revestisteis","os-vistais","se-haya-vestido","vestiros","vestirse","vestía","vestíos-de","vistamos","vistiéndose","vistáis"]·SW["Vaeni","akivaa","hakuvaa","kumvaa","kuvaa","mkivaa","mmemvaa","mtakavyovaa","mtavaa","mvaeni","tukivaa","tuvae","utakapovaa","vae","vaeni"]·TR["Giyinin","giyeceksiniz","giyelim","giyerek","giyin","giyindiniz","giyinerek","giyinin","giyinmeyi","giyinmis","giyinse","giymek","giymemişti","kusanip"]·urd["پہن-لو","پہن-لیا","پہن-لیں","پہن-کر","پہنتا-تھا","پہنتے-ہوئے","پہننے-کو","پہنو","پہنیں","پہنے"]
Matt 6:25, Mark 6:9, Luke 8:27, Luke 12:22, Acts 12:21, Rom 13:12, Rom 13:14, 1 Cor 15:53, 1 Cor 15:53, 1 Cor 15:54, 1 Cor 15:54, Gal 3:27 (+6 more)
2. be clothed, having been clothed — To be clothed or to have been dressed, the passive or stative condition of wearing something. Seven occurrences emphasize the resulting state rather than the act: the wedding guest without proper garments (Matt 22:11), John the Baptist clothed in camel's hair (Mark 1:6), and the risen saints 'clothed in white robes' (Rev 1:13). Spanish vestido and French revêtu mark this completed, enduring state. 7×
AR["تَلْبَسونَ","لابِساً","لابِسينَ","لابِسٍ","لَابِسًا"]·ben["তোমরা-পরিধান-কর","পরিধান-করা","পরিধান-করে,","পরিহিত"]·DE["bekleiden","kleidet-an"]·EN["clothed","clothed-in","having-been-clothed","having-put-on","you-are-clothed"]·FR["revêtir"]·heb["לְבוּשִׁים","לָבוּשׁ","לֹא","תִּלְבְּשׁוּ"]·HI["जो-पहिने-हुए","पहन-जाओ","पहना-हुआ","पहने-हुए"]·ID["berpakaian","kamu-dikenakan","mengenakan"]·IT["rivestire"]·jav["dipun-agemi","ngagem","ngangge","nganggo","sampun-kaagem,"]·KO["입기-위하여","입으면","입은"]·PT["tendo-sido-vestidos","vestido","vestido-de","vestidos","vestidos-de"]·RU["облечётесь","одевшиесь","одетого","одетые","одетый-в"]·ES["habiendo-sido-vestidos","seáis-revestidos","vestido","vestidos-de"]·SW["amevaa","la-harusi","mtavikwa","tukiisha-kuvikwa,","wamevikwa"]·TR["giydirileceksiniz","giyinmiş"]·urd["پہن-کر","پہنے-جاؤ","پہنے-ہوئے"]
3. clothe someone else — To clothe someone else, the causative-transitive use where the subject dresses another person. Only 3 occurrences, but narratively vivid: soldiers strip and re-dress Jesus at the crucifixion (Matt 27:31, Mark 15:20), and the father orders 'put the best robe on him' for the returned prodigal (Luke 15:22). Spanish vestidlo ('dress him') makes the other-directed action unmistakable. 3×
AR["أَلْبَسُوا","أَلْبَسُوهُ","أَلْبِسُوهُ"]·ben["পরাও","পরালেন","পরিয়ে-দিল"]·DE["bekleiden","kleidet-an"]·EN["clothe","dressed","put-on"]·FR["revêtir"]·heb["הִלְבִּישׁ-וּ","הִלְבִּישׁוּ","הַלְבִּישׁוּ"]·HI["पहनाओ","पहनाया"]·ID["kenakanlah","memakaikan","mengenakan"]·IT["rivestire"]·jav["ngagemi","sami-ngagemi","ènggalna"]·KO["입혀드렸다","입혀라","입혔다"]·PT["vesti","vestiram"]·RU["одели","оденьте"]·ES["vestidlo","vistieron"]·SW["mvisheni","wakamvisha","walimvika"]·TR["giydirdiler","giydirin"]·urd["پہناؤ","پہنائے","پہنایا"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐνδύω or ἐνδύνω (ἐνδυνέω variant in Refs 5th c.BC+, with middle ἐνδύομαι, future -δύσομαι: aorist 1 -εδυσάμη; Epic dialect aorist or imperfect -εδυσόμην: aorist 2 active -έδυν: perfect -δέδῡκα: __I with accusative of things vel loci, go into, __I.1 of clothes, put on, ἔνδυνε χιτῶνα Refs 8th c.BC+; τὴν σκευήνRefs 5th c.BC+perfect ἐνδέδῡκα, wear, κιθῶνας λινέους Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, ἐν δ᾽ αὐτὸς…