ἐκκόπτ-ω G1581
Cut down (a tree in judgment); cut off (a limb or branch, removing part from whole)
Ekkopto divides cleanly between felling an entire tree and severing a part from a whole. John the Baptist's warning that 'every tree not bearing good fruit is cut down' (Matt 3:10; Luke 3:9) established a powerful metaphor of divine judgment that Jesus extends (Matt 7:19; Luke 13:7, 9) — always whole trees under the axe. But Jesus also commands cutting off a hand or foot that causes sin (Matt 5:30; 18:8), and Paul uses the olive-tree metaphor of branches 'cut off' through unbelief (Rom 11:22, 24). Spanish preserves the distinction with 'es cortado' (is cut down, whole tree) versus 'corte/cortala' (cut off, a part). In 2 Corinthians 11:12, Paul metaphorically 'cuts off' the opportunity of false apostles.
Senses
1. cut down (a tree) — To cut down an entire tree, used literally and as a metaphor for divine judgment on the unfruitful. John the Baptist's axe-at-the-root imagery (Matt 3:10; Luke 3:9) and Jesus' parable of the barren fig tree (Luke 13:7, 9) both employ this sense — the whole organism is destroyed, not merely pruned. Spanish 'es cortado' and German 'haut ab' reflect the decisive, total action of felling. The present passive in Matthew 3:10 suggests ongoing divine readiness to judge. 5×
AR["اِقْطَعْهَا", "تُقطَعُ", "تُقْطَعُ", "سَتَقْطَعُهَا"]·ben["কাটা-হয়", "কেটে-ফেল", "কেটে-ফেলবেন"]·DE["haut-ab"]·EN["Cut-down", "is-cut-down", "you-will-cut-down"]·FR["couper"]·heb["כְּרֹת", "נִכְרָת", "תִּכְרֹת"]·HI["काट-डाल", "काट-डालना", "काटा-जाता-है"]·ID["Tebanglah", "ditebang", "engkau-akan-menebang"]·IT["tagliare"]·jav["badhé-panjenengan-tegor", "dipun-tegor", "dipuntigas", "tegor"]·KO["잘리우고", "찍어-버려라", "찍어-버리십시오", "찍히다", "찍힌다"]·PT["Corta", "a-cortarás", "é-cortada"]·RU["срубается", "сруби", "срубишь"]·ES["córtala", "es-cortado", "es‒cortado", "la-cortarás"]·SW["hu-katwa", "hukatwa", "uikate", "unakatwa", "utaukata"]·TR["kes", "kesersin", "kesilir"]·urd["کاٹ-دینا", "کاٹ-ڈالو", "کاٹا-جاتا-ہے"]
2. cut off (a body part or branch; remove) — To cut off or amputate a part from a larger whole — a hand, foot, or branch removed while the body or tree survives. Jesus' radical discipleship sayings (Matt 5:30; 18:8) command self-amputation of what causes sin, and Paul's olive-tree allegory in Romans 11:22, 24 describes unbelieving branches 'cut off' so that wild ones might be grafted in. In 2 Corinthians 11:12, the metaphor extends to cutting off an adversary's opportunity. Spanish shifts to 'corte' (cut off a piece) and French maintains 'couper' for both senses, but the Greek aorist imperative in Matthew 5:30 stresses urgency. 5×
AR["أَقْطَعَ", "اقْطَعْهَا", "سَتُقْطَعُ", "قُطِعْتَ"]·ben["কাটো", "কেটে-ফেলা-হবে।", "কেটে-ফেলা-হয়েছিলে", "কেটে-ফেলো", "ছেদ-করি"]·DE["abhauen", "haut-ab"]·EN["I-might-cut-off", "cut-off", "were-cut-off", "will-be-cut-off"]·FR["couper"]·heb["אֶכְרֹת", "כְּרֹת", "נִכְרַתְּ", "תִּכָּרֵת"]·HI["कअत", "काट-दे", "काटा-गया", "काटा-जाएगा", "मैं-काट-दूं"]·ID["akan-dipotong", "aku-memotong", "dipotong", "potonglah"]·IT["tagliare"]·jav["badhé-dipun-tigas.", "dipun-tigas", "kethok", "kethoka", "kula-tegeli"]·KO["끊어졌으니", "끊어지리라", "끊으리라", "잘라", "잘라라"]·PT["corta", "corte", "foste-cortado", "serás-cortado."]·RU["и-", "отсеки", "отсёк"]·ES["corte", "córtala", "córtalo", "fuiste-cortado", "serás-cortado"]·SW["nikatilie-mbali", "ukate", "ulikatwa", "utakatwa."]·TR["kes", "keseyim", "kesildin", "kesileceksin"]·urd["کاٹ", "کاٹ-دوں", "کاٹ-ڈال", "کاٹا-جائے-گا", "کاٹا-گیا"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐκκόπτ-ω, cut out, knock out, τοὺς γομφίους Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἢν..τωφθαλμὼ᾽ κκοπῇς have your eyes knocked out, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξεκέκοπτο τὴν φωνήν had lost his voice, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 cut [trees] out of a wood, fell, Refs 5th c.BC+; παράδεισον laid waste the park, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2.b metaphorically, cut off, make an end of, τοὺς ἄνδρας Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. φενακισμόν, ἱεροσυλίαν, Refs…