Cutting and Severing

† כָּרַת291 vb. cut off, cut down (NH id.; Assyrian karâtu, ii. hew off Dl HWB 357);— Qal Pf. כ׳ Gn 15:18 + 19 times; 2 ms. כָּרָ֑תָּ Dt 20:20; 1 s. כָּרַתִּי Ex 34:27 + 15 times; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכְרֹת Jb 40:28 + 21 times; 2 ms. תִּכְרָת־ Is 57:8; 1 s. אֶכְרוֹת Is 61:8; 1 S 11:2; אֶכְרְתָה Is 55:3; 3 mpl. יִכְרֹ֑תוּ Ho 12:2 ψ 83:6; 1 pl. נִכְרְתָה Gn 26:28; 31:44; sf. נִכְרְתֶנּוּ Je 11:19; + 31 times Impf.; Imv. כְּרָת־ 1 S 11:1; כָּרְתָה 2 S 3:12; + 4 times Imv.; Inf. abs. כָּרֹת Ho 10:4; כָּרוֹת Ne 9:8; cstr. כְּרֹת Je 34:8 + 2 times; כְּרָת־ Is 44:14 + 2 times; כְּרוֹת 2 Ch 2:7; 29:10; sf. כָּרְתִי 1 S 24:12; Pt. act. כֹּרֵת Ex 34:10 + 3 times; + 3 times Pt. act.; pass. כָּרוּת Lv 22:24; cstr. כְּרוּת Dt 23:2; pl. כְּרֻת[וֹ]ת 1 K 7:12 + 3 times;— 1. cut off: a. things: c. acc. foreskin Ex 4:25 (J); privy member Lv 22:24 (H) Dt 23:2; cluster of grapes Nu 13:23, 24 (E); bough of tree Ju 9:48, 49; skirt 1 S 24:5, 6, 12; head of man 1 S 17:51; 31:9 2 S 20:22; garments 2 S 10:4 = 1 Ch 19:4; palms of hands 1 S 5:4; sprigs Is 18:5. b. persons, c. acc. pers. מִן loc. Je 11:19; 50:16. 2. cut down, c. acc. trees Dt 19:5; 20:19, 20; 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24; Is 44:14 Je 6:6; 10:3; 22:7; 46:23 Ez 31:12; asherim Ex 34:13 (J) Ju 6:25, 26, 30; 1 K 15:13 = 2 Ch 15:16; 2 K 18:4; 23:14. 3. hew, timber 1 K 5:20(×2) = 2 Ch 2:7, 15, Is 14:8; כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים hewers of timber 2 Ch 2:9; כְּרֻת(וֹ)ת hewn beams 1 K 6:36; 7:2, 12. 4. כ׳ בְּרִית cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ׳ the calf which they cut Je 34:18 (referring to Gn 15:10); עֲלֵי־זֶבַח ψ 50:5; abs. Gn 21:27, 32; 31:44 (E) 1 S 18:3; 1 K 5:26; Ho 10:4; c. אֶת with Gn 15:18; Ex 34:27; Dt 31:16 (J) Dt 5:3 28:69(×2); 29:13 2 S 3:12, 13, 21; 2 K 17:15, 35, 38; Is 28:15; Je 11:10; 31:31, 32, 33; 34:8, 13; Ez 17:13; Zc 11:10 ψ 105:9 = 1 Ch 16:16; c. עִם Gn 26:28 (J) Ex 24:8 (E) Dt 4:23; 5:2; 9:9; 29:11, 24; 1 K 8:21 = 2 Ch 6:11; 2 Ch 23:3 Ne 9:8; Ho 2:20; 12:2; Jb 40:28; בְּ׳ omitted 1 S 20:16; 22:8; 1 K 8:9 = 2 Ch 5:10; c. לְ Ex 23:32; 34:12, 15; Jos 9:6, 7, 11, 15, 16; 24:25 (JE) Dt 7:2; Ju 2:2; 1 S 11:1; 2 S 5:3; 1 K 20:34 2 K 11:4; 1 Ch 11:3; 2 Ch 21:7; 29:10; Ezr 10:3; Is 55:3; 61:8; Je 32:40; 34:18; Ez 34:25; 37:26; Jb 31:1 ψ 89:4; בְּ׳ omitted 1 S 11:2; 2 Ch 7:18; נֶגֶד Ex 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי 1 S 23:18; 2 K 23:3 = 2 Ch 34:31 Je 34:15; בֵּין וּבֵין 2 K 11:17; 2 Ch 23:16; c. עַל against, ψ 83:6; אֲמָנָה is used for ברית Ne 10:1; and דָּבָר Hg 2:5. Note. —וַתִּכְרָת־לָךְ מֵהֶם Is 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of בּ׳ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du, followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after Ho 3:2. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נכרת Jo 1:5 + 5 times; נִכְרָ֑ת Jo 1:16 + 2 times; 3 fs. נִכְרְתָה Gn 17:14 + 16 times; נִכְרָ֑תָה ψ 37:38; 2 ms. נִכְרַתָּ Ob 10; + 8 times Pf.; Impf. יִכָּרֵת Gn 9:11 + 21 times; יִכָּֽרֶת־ Ob 9; 3 mpl. יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zc 13:8; יִכָּרֵת֑וּן Jos 3:13 ψ 37:9; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הִכָּרֵת Nu 15:31 ψ 37:34.— 1. be cut off: a. of things, froward tongue Pr 10:31; burden from a nail Is 22:25; chariots Zc 9:10; dwelling Zp 3:7. b. of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Gn 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Gn 9:11 (P); the anointed Dn 9:26; enemies Is 11:13; Mi 5:8; the wicked Is 29:20; Ho 8:4; Na 2:1 ψ 37:9, 22, 28, 34, 38; Pr 2:22; others Ob 9, 10 Zp 1:11; Zc 13:8; 14:2. c. in the technical phrases of H and P וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gn 17:14 Lv 7:20, 21, 25, 27; Nu 9:13; Lv 19:8; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Ex 12:15; Nu 19:13; מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Ex 12:19; מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Ex 31:14; Nu 15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי Lv 22:3; מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל Nu 19:20; similarly with variation of subject Ex 30:33, 38; Lv 17:4, 9; 18:29; 20:18; 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן Lv 17:14; 20:17; Nu 15:31(×2). 2. be cut down, a tree Jb 14:7. 3. be chewed between the teeth Nu 11:33 (J). 4. be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Jos 3:13, 16 (JE) 4:7(×2) (D); new wine Jo 1:5; meat v 16; hope Pr 23:18; 24:14; a name Is 48:19; 56:5; Ru 4:10; a sign Is 55:13; faithfulness Je 7:28; לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ׳ אִישׁ there shall not fail thee a man 1 K 2:4; 8:25 = 2 Ch 6:16; 1 K 9:5 = 2 Ch 7:18; Je 33:17; 18; 35:19; לא יכרת מן there shall not fail of Jos 9:23 (J) 2 S 3:29. Pual Pf. כָּרַּת Ez 16:4; 3 fs. כֹּרָ֑תָה Ju 6:28;— 1. be cut off, navel string Ez 16:4. 2. be cut down, Asherah Ju 6:28. Hiph. Pf. הִכְרִית 1 S 28:9; 1 K 11:16; 3 fs. הִכְרִיתָה Lv 26:22; 1 s. הִכְרַתִּי Jos 23:4 + 32 times; + 4 times Pf.; Impf. יַכְרִית Dt 12:29 + 2 times; juss. יַכְרֵת ψ 12:4 + 4 times; 1 s. וָֽאַכְרִ��תָה 2 S 7:9; 1 pl. sf. וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה Je 48:2; + 9 times Impf.; Inf. הַכְרִית Je 44:8 + 15 times; הַכְרִת 1 S 20:15; + sf. 2 times— 1. cut off, flattering lips ψ 12:4. 2. cut off, destroy the life of: a. animals c. acc., cattle Lv 26:22 (H); c. acc. and מִן frogs Ex 8:5 (J); horses Mi 5:9; Zc 9:10. b. of men abs. ψ 109:13, by men, c. acc. enemies Ju 4:24; 1 S 24:22; 1 K 11:16; 14:14; 18:4; 2 Ch 22:7; Is 10:7; Ez 17:17 Ob 14; c. acc. and מִן enemies Jos 11:21; Je 48:2; the wicked ψ 101:8; a clan Nu 4:18 (P); young men by death Je 9:20; people by the sword Na 3:15; necromancers 1 S 28:9; the name Jos 7:9. c. of men, by God c. acc. (הַ)גּוֹיִם Dt 19:1; Jos 23:4 (D) Zp 3:6; various persons and things Is 48:9; Je 44:11; 51:62 Ez 25:16; 30:15; Zc 9:6; c. acc. and מִן Ez 25:7 Am 1:5, 8; 2:3; מֵאֶרֶץ Na 2:14 ψ 34:17 = 109:15; מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Is 9:13; מִיַּד Mi 5:11; מִפָּנֶיךָ Dt 12:29; 2 S 7:9 = 1 Ch 17:8; מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה 1 S 20:15; 1 K 9:7; Zp 1:3; מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֹ Lv 17:10; 20:3, 5, 6 (H); מִתּוֹךְ עַמִּי Ez 14:8; Ez says also הכ׳ מִן … אָדָם וּבְהֵמָה 14:13, 17, 19, 21; 25:13; 29:8; צדיק ורשׁע 21:8, 9; עבר ושׁב 35:7; c. acc. and לְ, cut off, to, or from Is 14:22; Je 44:7, 8; 47:4; כ׳ לְ׳ מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר 1 K 14:10; 21:21; 2 K 9:8; כ׳ ל׳ מעם מזבח 1 S 2:33; יַכְרֵת י׳ לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב Mal 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man—from the tents of Jacob. 3. cut down, destroy, cities Mi 5:10, sun-pillars Lv 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolatry Na 1:14; Zp 1:4; מן הארץ Zc 13:2; מִקֶּרֶב Mi 5:12. 4. take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם kindness from 1 S 20:15. 5. permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle 1 K 18:5. Hoph. Pf. הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י׳ Jo 1:9.

† [גָּלַח] vb. be bald (Arabic جَلِحَ ); Pi. shave, shave off (so NH, Aramaic)—Pf. וְגִלַּח consec. Lv 14:8 + 2 times; sf. וְגִלְּחוֹ consec. 2 S 14:26; 3 fs. וְגִלְּחָה consec. Dt 21:12; Impf. יְגַלַּח Lv 14:9 Is 7:20, יְגַלֵּ֑חַ Lv 13:33 + 2 times, וַיְגַלַּח Gn 41:14 2 S 10:4; sf. (3 ms.) יְגַלְּחֶנּוּ, וַיְגַלְּחֵם 1 Ch 19:4; 3 fs. וַתְּגַלַּח Ju 16:19; 3 mpl. יְגַלֵּ֑חוּ Lv 21:5 Ez 44:20; Inf. sf. of subj. גַּלְּחוֹ 2 S 14:26;— 1. shave, obj. the head, רֹאשׁ Nu 6:9(×2), 18 (P) Dt 21:12 (hair as containing impurity cf. RSSem i 407), 2 S 14:26(×2) cf. 26 Ez 44:20; Lv 13:33 (P), obj. הַנֶּתֶק; obj. persons 1 Ch 19:4. 2. shave off, the hair שֵׂעָר Lv 14:8, 9(×2) (P) cf. Ju 16:19; the beard זָקָן Lv 21:5 (H) 2 S 10:4. 3. fig. of devastation by Assyrians Is 7:20 (obj. הָרֹאשׁ, שַׂעַר הָרַגְלָ֑יִם and הַזָּקָן) 4. intrans. he shaved (himself) Gn 41:14 (E). Pu. Pf. גֻּלָּ֑ח Ju 16:22, גֻּלַּחְתִּי Ju 16:17; Pt. cstr. מְגֻלְּחֵי Je 41:5;—be shaven, subj. pers. (of Samson) Ju 16:17, 22; מְגֻלְּחֵי זָקָן Je 41:5. Hithp. Pf. וְהִתְגַּלָּ֑ח consec. Lv 13:33; Inf. sf. הִתְגַּלְּחוֹ Nu 6:19;—shave oneself Lv 13:33; c. acc. אֶת־נִזְרוֹ Nu 6:19 (both P).

† גָּדַע vb. hew, hew down or off (NH id. (rare), Aramaic גְּדַע Ithp.; Arabic جَدَعَ cut off hand or other member, mutilate)— Qal Pf. גָּדַע La 2:3; וְגָדַעְתִּ֫י 1 S 2:31; Impf. וָאֶגְדַּע Zc 11:10, 14; Pt. pass. גְּדוּעָה Is 15:2 (so many edd. but) Baer גְּרוּעָה; cf. infr., גְּדֻעִים Is 10:33;—hew, cut in two, a staff Zc 11:10, 14; metaph. hew off, an arm 1 S 2:31; horns La 2:3; hew down, trees Is 10:33; if in Is 15:2 then = shave off (object זקן, beard), but no other indication of this meaning, and true MT גְּרוּעָה, cf. Baer’s note & Je 48:37; v. גָּרַע" dir="rtl" >גרע. Niph. Pf. נִגְדַּע Ju 21:6, נֶגְדַּע Je 50:23; 3 fs. נִגְדְּעָה Je 48:25, וְנִגְדְּעָה consec. Is 22:25; 2 ms. נִגְדַּעְתָּ Is 14:12; 3 pl. וְנִגְדְּעוּ consec. Ez 6:6 Am 3:14;—be hewn off, of altarhorns Am 3:14, of idols Ez 6:6 (‖ נשׁבר); of severance of a tribe from nation Ju 21:6; fig. of king of Babylon Is 14:12; of Babylon as hammer Je 50:23 (‖ נשׁבר); of a minister, under fig. of secure per or pin Is 22:25; of horn of Moab Je 48:25 (‖ נשׁבר). Pi. Pf. גִּדַּע 2 Ch 34:7, גִּדֵּ֑עַ 2 Ch 34:4 ψ 107:16, וַיְגַדַּע 2 Ch 14:2, אֲגַדֵּ֑ע ψ 75:11 Is 45:2, וַיְגַדְּעוּ 2 Ch 31:1; 3 mpl. תְּגַדֵּע֑וּן Dt 7:5; 12:3;—hew off, down, in two (cf. Qal) of Asherîm Dt 7:5 2 Ch 14:2; 31:1, of idols Dt 12:3 (פְּסִילִים) 2 Ch 34:4, 7 (חַמָּנִים); fig. horns of wicked ψ 75:11; bars of iron (i.e. of Babylon’s gates) Is 45:2, cf. ψ 107:16. †Pu. Pf. גֻּדָּ֑עוּ Is 9:9 be hewn down (of trees).

† [בָּצַע] vb. cut off, break off, gain by violence (so NH, Arabic بَضَعَ, Ethiopic በጽዐ Aramaic בְּצַע)— Qal Impf. יִבְצָ֑ע Jb 27:8, יִבְצָ֑עוּ Jo 2:8; Imv. sf. בְּצַ֫עַם בְּרֹאשׁ (K3) Am 9:1; Inf. בְּצֹעַ Ez 22:27; Pt. בּוֹצֵעַ Pr 15:27 Je 6:13, בֹּצֵעַ ψ 10:3 + 3 times;—cut off, break off (c. acc. capitals of pillars) Am 9:1 (but LagProv. v, vi בְּצַעַם = בְּזַעַם Hb 3:12 in wrath); so fig. Jb 27:8 when Eloah cutteth off, draweth out, his soul; obj. om. their course, i.e. stop Jo 2:8 (cf. Hi-St); usually gain by violence or in gen. wrongfully Ez 22:27; Pt. abs. ψ 10:3 = greedy getter, robber; & c. acc. cogn. בֶּ֫צַע Pr 1:19; 15:27 Je 6:13; 8:10 Hb 2:9. Pi. Pf. בִּצַּע La 2:17; Impf. יְבַצַּע Is 10:12; sf. יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12 Jb 6:9; 2 fs. וַתְּבַצְּעִי Ez 22:12; 3 fpl תְּבַצָּ֑עְנָה Zc 4:9;—cut off, (dis)sever (i.e. from life) Jb 6:9 cf. Is 38:12 (מִדַּלָּה); = finish, complete Is 10:12 Zc 4:9; accomplish (= carry out, fulfil) La 2:17 (obj. אמרתו); violently make gain of, obj. pers. Ez 22:12 (instr. בּעשׁק).

II. [נָקַף] vb. go around (intrans.), (Ecclus 45:9 Hiph. ויקיפהו surround something with (2 acc.); Pf. 3 fs. הקיפה 43:12 (acc. + ב instr.); NH Hiph. הִקִּיף = BH; also = cling to, be attached, joined to, and so Aramaic אַקֵּיף (Aph.), ܢܩܶܦ );— Qal Impf. חַגִּים יִנְקֹ֑פוּ Is 29:1 (fig.) let feasts go around, i.e. run the round (of the year). Hiph. Pf. הִקִּיף Jb 19:6; 3 fs. הִקִּ֫יפָה Is 15:8; 3 pl. הִקִּ֫יפוּ Jb 1:5 ψ 88:18, וְהִקִּיפוּ consec. 2 Ch 23:7, sf. הִקִּיפוּנִי ψ 22:17; 2 mpl. וְהִקַּפְתֶּם consec. 2 K 11:8; Impf. וַיַּקַּף La 3:5; 3 mpl. יַקִּ֫יפוּ ψ 17:9, וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ 2 K 6:14; 2 mpl. תַּקִּ֫פוּ Lv 19:27; Imv. mpl. sf. הָקִּיפ֫וּהָ ψ 48:13; Inf. abs. הַקֵּיף Jos 6:3, הַקֵּף v 11; Pt. pl. מַקִּ(י)פִים 1 K 7:24 2 Ch 4:3;— 1. go around, surround, encompass: a. go around, c. acc. of city, Jos 6:3 cf. v 11 (acc. om.), ψ 48:13 (all ‖ סָבָב); also (fig.) הִקִּ֫יפָה הַזְּעָקָה אֶת־ Is 15:8 the cry hath gone about the border of Moab. b. surround, encompass, enclose, usually c. עַל־: וַיַּקִּ֫פוּ עַל־הָעִיר 2 K 6:14 and they closed in upon the city (beleaguered it); c. עַל pers. 2 K 11:8 (+ סָבִיב), ψ 17:9; 88:18 (‖ סָבַב), + acc. rei Jb 19:6 he hath closed his net in upon me, cf. La 3:5; less often c. acc. pers. ψ 22:17 (‖ סָבַב), 2 Ch 23:7 (‖ 2 K 11:8; + סָבִיב), also of inanim. things 1 K 7:24 = 2 Ch 4:3 (both + סָבִיב, ‖ סָבַב). 2. make the round, i.e. complete the circuit הִקּ׳ יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה Jb 1:5 when the days of feasting had completed their circuit. 3. make round, round off (lit.): לֹא תַקּ׳ פְּאַת רֹאשְׁכֶם Lv 19:27 (‖ לֹא תַשְׁחִית אֵת פְּאַת זְקָנֶ֑ךָ), of heathen rite.

[קָצַץ] vb. cut off (NH id., also קֵץ end; Assyrian ḳaṣâṣu, hew off, cut off, kiṣṣatu, boundry-stone, Belser BAS ii. 120, 139, cf. Hilpr Assyriaca i. 12; Arabic قَصَّ cut, clip, cut off; Aramaic קְצַץ, ܩܨܶܨ cut off, קִיצָּא, ܩܶܨܳܐ end);— Qal Pf. 2 ms. consec. וְקַצֹּתָה Dt 25:12 (acc. כַּפָּהּ); Pt. pass. pl. cstr. קְצוּצֵי פֵאָה Je 9:25; 25:23; 49:32 (v. פֵּאָה 1). Pi. Pf. 3 ms. קִצֵּץ ψ 129:4, וְק׳ consec. Ex 39:3 ψ 46:10, קִצַּץ 2 K 18:16; Impf. וַיְקַצֵּץ 16:17 +, etc.;—cut or hew off, thumbs, toes, Ju 1:6, hands and feet 2 S 4:12; cut in two, spear (חֲנִית) ψ 46:10, threads Ex 39:3 (P), cords ψ 129:4 (fig.); cut in pieces, vessels (of gold) 2 K 24:13 2 Ch 28:24; bases (הַמְּכֹנוֹת) 2 K 16:17 (so Kit Benz, transposing הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת), doors 2 K 18:16 (both, for the sake of metal sheathing). Pu. Pt. pl. מְקֻצָּצִים Ju 1:7 hewn off (as v 6 supr.).

† גָּזַר vb. cut, divide (Arabic جَزَرَ, NH גָּזַר cut, determine, circumcise; Ethiopic ገዘረ Aramaic גְּזַר, ܓܙܰܪ )— Qal Pf. גָּזַר Hb 3:17; Impf. וַיִּגְזֹר Is 9:19; 2 ms. תִּגְזַר Jb 22:28; וַיִּגְזְרוּ 2 K 6:4; Pt. act. גֹּזֵר ψ 136:13;— 1. divide, cut in two, sq. acc. 1 K 3:25 (ג׳ לִשְׁנָ֑יִם) cf. v 26 (obj. not expressed). 2. divide the Red Sea (acc.) ψ 136:13 sq. לִגְזָרִים. 3. cut down הָעֵצִים 2 K 6:4. 4. cut off (piece of meat to eat, but obj. not expr. ‖ אכל) Is 9:19. 5. cut off, i.e. destroy, exterminate Hb 3:17 (c. acc.; indef. subj.), sq. מִן loc. 6. decree (Aramaism, cf. Biblical Aramaic) Jb 22:28 c. acc. Niph. Pf. נִגְזַר 2 Ch 26:21; Est 2:1, נִגְזָ֑רְתִּי La 3:54, נִגֳז֑רוּ ψ 88:6, נִגְזַרְנוּ Ez 37:11; Is 53:8;— 1. be cut off, separated, excluded from (מִן) temple 2 Ch 26:21, from (מִן) Yahweh’s hand ψ 88:6 (of the slain), from (מִן) the land of the living Is 53:8 (of the suffering servant of י׳). 2. be cut off = destroyed La 3:54; Ez 37:11. 3. be decreed, Est 2:1 sq. עַל against (cf. Qal 6).

† I. חָרַץ vb. cut, sharpen, decide (NH id., cut in, decide, Aramaic in deriv.; Assyrian ḫarâṣu, dig, decide, ḫariṣu, trench, ZehnpfundBAS i. 502; Ph. חרץ decision, HoffmAGG xxxvi. May 1889, 11)— Qal Pf. 3 ms. ח׳ Jos 10:21; חָרָ֑צְתָּ 1 K 20:40; Impf. יֶחֱרַץ־ Ex 11:7; 2 ms. תֶּחֱרָ֑ץ 2 S 5:24; Pt. pass. חָרוּץ Is 10:22 Lv 22:22; pl. חֲרוּצִים Jb 14:5 (v. also חָרוּץ infr.)— 1. cut, mutilate Lv 22:22 (עַוֶּרֶת אוֹ שָׁבוּר אוֹ־חָרוּץ אוֹ יַבֶּלֶת). 2. sharpen, fig. the tongue, לֹא יֶח׳־כֶּלֶב לְשֹׁנוֹ לְ Ex 11:7 (J), i.e. utter no sound against Isr., Jos 10:21. 3. decide 1 K 20:40 (abs.); so pt. pass. חרוצים ימיו Jb 14:5 his days are determined, fixed (‖ מִסְפַּר חדשׁיו), Is 10:22 כִּלָּיוֹן ח׳; act with decision 2 S 5:24. Niph. Pt. נֶחֱרָצָה Is 10:23 + 3 times; נֶחֱרֶצֶת Dn 9:26 (both these forms inf. cstr. according to BaNB 90); decisive כָּלָה וְנֶח׳ Is 10:23; 28:22 Dn 9:27 a consumption and strict decision (i.e. that which is strictly determined), כי נ׳ נֶעֱשָׂ֑תָה Dn 11:36; נח׳ שֹׁמֵמוֹת Dn 9:26 strict determining of desolation.

ἀφαιρ-έω, Ionic dialect ἀπαιρέω, future -ήσω: perfect ἀφῄρηκα, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρηκα: aorist ἀφεῖλον, later infinitive ἀφέλαιRefs 2nd c.AD+:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Refs 8th c.BC+ codices, etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, Refs 5th c.BC+; also τινά τι probably Refs 5th c.BC+, see infr. II. I, III: with genitive, take from, τιμῆς οὔτ᾽ ἀφελὼν οὔτ᾽ ἐπορεξάμενοςRefs 6th c.BC+; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man) ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίαςRefs 5th c.BC+; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, Refs 5th c.BC+ having taken them off, Refs 5th c.BC+took away, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 set aside, κρέαRefs 4th c.BC+ __2.b exclude, separate, τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίςRefs 5th c.BC+; opposed to προστιθέναι, Refs __3 in Mathematics texts, ἀ. ἀπὸ.. subtract from, Refs 3rd c.BC+, etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Refs 2nd c.AD+; intercept, in passive, Refs 5th c.AD+ __4 in Logic, abstract, with accusative, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II middle, future ἀφαιρήσομαι (in passive sense, variant for{ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι}, Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἀφειλόμην, later ἀφειλάμην Refs 1st c.AD+ 116: perfect ἀφῄρημαι (in middle sense) Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards more frequently than active, take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, Refs 5th c.BC+ —Constr. like active, ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as καὶ δή μοι γέρας.. ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖςRefs 8th c.BC+: with double accusative of things et person, bereave or deprive of, μήτε σὺ τόνδ᾽.. ἀποαίρεο κούρηνRefs 8th c.BC+; frequently in Attic dialect and Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 with accusative of things, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 followed by μή with infinitive, prevent, hinder from doing, τί μ᾽ ἄνδρα.. ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖ;Refs 5th c.BC+; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ᾽ ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Refs; with infinitive passive, τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναιRefs 2nd c.AD+; with infinitive only, Refs 5th c.BC+: simply, obstruct, ἀρχήνRefs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Latin vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III passive, future -αιρεθήσομαιRefs 5th c.BC+ -ήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+perfect ἀφῄρημαι, Ionic dialect ἀπαραίρημαιRefs 5th c.BC+:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι Refs 5th c.BC+; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive, ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Refs

ἐκκόπτ-ω, cut out, knock out, τοὺς γομφίους Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, ἢν..τωφθαλμὼ᾽ κκοπῇς have your eyes knocked out, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξεκέκοπτο τὴν φωνήν had lost his voice, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 cut [trees] out of a wood, fell, Refs 5th c.BC+; παράδεισον laid waste the park, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2.b metaphorically, cut off, make an end of, τοὺς ἄνδρας Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. φενακισμόν, ἱεροσυλίαν, Refs 4th c.BC+; eradicate abuses, Refs 1st c.AD+; τὴν αἰσθητικὴν ἐνέργειαν Refs 4th c.BC+; extirpate, [λύπας] Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, ἡ θρασύτης ἐξεκέκοπτο Refs 5th c.BC+ __2.c ἐ. πλοῖα scuttle ships, Refs __3 as military term, beat off, repulse, τὰς ἀκροβολίσεις Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 win, in throwing the dice, Refs 4th c.BC+:— passive, to be ruined at play, Refs 5th c.AD+ __5 ἐ. θύρας break open, Refs 5th c.BC+ __6 cut out or erase an inscription, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. τὴν χεῖρα NT; cut out, as a surgeon does, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __7 coin, stamp money, Refs 1st c.BC+ __7.b metaphorically, φαντασίαν ἐ. ὡς.. Refs 1st c.BC+ O.; γένη οὐκ ἐκκοπτόμενα ἰδίοις τέλεσι genders not marked by different terminations, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἐ. ἀναφθέγματα coin expressions, Refs 1st c.BC+ __8 hinder, bring to a stop, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II intransitive, pause, come to a stop, Refs

† [נָתַח] vb. only Pi. cut up, cut in pieces, divide by joints (Dr 1 S 11:7; NH id., Pi.; rare);— Pi. Pf. נִתַּח Lv 8:20, וְנִתַּח consec. Lv 1:6, 12; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְנַתַּח 1 K 18:33, sf. וַיְנַתְּחֵ֫הוּ 1 S 11:7, וַיְנַתְּחֶ֫הָ Ju 19:29, etc.;—cut up, cut in pieces, c. acc. of animals 1 S 11:7, of woman Ju 20:6 (all these to be sent about as token for assembling warriors; on signif. of the practice cf. RSSem i. 383; 2nd ed. 402); elsewhere usually + לִנְתָחִים, cut up into pieces, of woman Ju 19:29; of sacrificial animals 1 K 18:23, 33 (acc. only), Ex 29:17 Lv 1:6, 12; 8:20 (all P).

ἀπο-κόπτω, cut off, hew off, frequently in Refs 8th c.BC+; in Prose, χεῖρας ἀ.Refs 5th c.BC+; amputate, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀΐξας ἀπέκοψε παρήορον he cut loose the trace-horse, Refs 8th c.BC+ —passive, ἀποκεκόψονται, of buds, will be cut off, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τὴν χεῖρα have it cut off, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἀ.τὰ γεννητικά, of eunuchs, Refs 1st c.AD+eunuch, LXX+2nd c.AD+:—middle, make oneself a eunuch, NT+2nd c.AD+ __2 metaphorically, ἀπ᾽ ἐλπίδα φημὶ κεκόφθαι ναυτιλίης νόστου τεRefs 3rd c.BC+; ἀ. τὸ ἀμφίβολον τῆς γνώμης decide summarily, Refs 1st c.AD+; διὰ τὸ μὴ ἀποκόπτειν τὴν πολυχρόνιον ζωήν exclude from the reckoning, despair of, Refs 1st c.BC+; reject, exclude, Refs 4th c.BC+:—middle, uncertain in Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 especially of voice or breath, cut short, τὸν τοῦ πνεύματος τόνονRefs 1st c.BC+:—passive, ἀποκέκοπταί τινι ἡ φωνήRefs 1st c.AD+ __4 of literary periods or phrases, bring to an abrupt close, δεῖ τῆ μακρᾶ -κόπτεσθαιRefs 4th c.BC+ __5 Grammars, in passive, to be cut short by ἀποκοπή (which see), Refs __6 abstract an idea or word from its context, τὸ ἀγαθὸς ἀποκοπένRefs __II ἀ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τόπου beat off from a strong place, of soldiers, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III middle, smite the breast in mourning: with accusative, mourn for, νεκρόνRefs 5th c.BC+

† [גְּזַר] vb. cut, (divide,) determine (so 𝔗 Syriac, in both meanings; BH usually divide, †Jb Est decree);— Pe. Pt. act. as subst., pl. abs. גָּֽזְרִין determiners (of fate; astrologers or soothsayers) Dn 2:27; 5:11; emph. גָּֽזְרַיָּא 4:4; 5:7 (cf.Dr.; Arabic جزّار RS JPhil. xlii (1885), 781). Hithpe. Pf. 3 fs. הִתְגְּזֶ֫רֶת 2:34 a stone was cut out, so אִתְג׳ (K§§ 23. 1; 30, 2) v 45 (c. מִן of source).

† [פָּלַח] vb. cleave (Arabic فَلَحَ cleave; Aramaic פְּלַח (usually), ܦܠܰܚ, are till, work, serve [= עָבַד]);— Qal Pt. פֹּלֵהַ ψ 141:7 of cleaving, ploughing, בָּאָרֶץ (‖בקע). Pi. Impf. 1. cleave open, through, 3 ms. יְפַלַּח of piercing kidneys Jb 16:13, liver Pr 7:23 (both fig.); וַיְּפַלַּח אֶל 2 K 4:39 of cutting up (fruit) into pot. 2. cause to cleave open, 3 fpl. יַלְדֵיהֶן תְּפַלַּחְנָה Jb 39:3 of animals bringing forth young, read perhaps תְּפַלַּטְנָה (21:10).

† I. [קָצָה] vb. cut off (NH id., separate, Ph. קצה cut off, exterminate; Aramaic קְצָא, ܩܨܳܐ break off (e.g. bread); Arabic قَصَا be remote, قُصْيَا remote extremity);— Qal Inf. קְצוֹת עַמִּים Hb 2:10 cutting off many peoples; Vrss קַצּוֹתָ (√ קצץ); Gr Now conj. הֲצִיקוֹתָ. Pi. Inf. cstr. לְקַצּוֹת בְּ 2 K 10:32 to cut off in Israel; read prob. לִקְצוֹף to be angry with, 𝔗 Hi Che Crit. n. Is 14:6 (in Comm.) Kmp Kau Benz, 𝔙 Gr לָקוּץ; Pt. מְקַצֶּה רַגְלַיִם Pr 26:6 (fig.). Hiph. Pf. 3 pl. הִקְצוּ Lv 14:41, acc. dust; Inf. cstr. הִקְצוֹת v 43, acc. house, in both appar. = קָצַע scrape, scrape off (q.v., v 41a), and so prob. read, viz. הִקְצְעוּ, הַקְצִיעַ, RS JPhil. xvi (1888), 72 Dr-Wh Di-Ry Baen.

κείρω, future κερῶ Refs 5th c.BC+, Ionic dialect κερέω Refs 8th c.BC+: aorist ἔκειρα Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect ἔκερσα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect κέκαρκα Refs 2nd c.BC+:—middle, future κεροῦμαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐκειράμἡν Refs 5th c.BC+, Epic dialect ἐκερσάμην Refs 4th c.BC+ —passive, aorist 1 participle κερθείςRefs 5th c.BC+aorist 2 ἐκάρην [ᾰ] Refs 3rd c.BC+, subjunctive κᾰρῇ Refs 5th c.BC+infinitive κᾰρῆναι, participle καρείς, Refs 1st c.AD+: perfect infinitive κεκάρθαι Refs 5th c.BC+: Attic dialect pluperfect ἐκεκάρμην Refs 2nd c.AD+. (Cf. Sanskrit kṛṇā´ti 'wound', Latin caro: probably also ORefs 5th c.BC+ scieran, Eng. shear.):—cut short, shear, clip, especially of hair, σοί τε κόμην κερέειν (i.e. Σπερχειῷ) Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἐν χρ [τὰς τρίχας] crop it close, Refs 5th c.BC+: —more frequently in middle, cut off one's hair or have it cut off, as a sign of mourning (compare κουρά), τοῦτο.. γέρας οἶον ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, κείρασθαί τε κόμην βαλέειν τ᾽ ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Refs 8th c.BC+: absolutely, cut off one's hair, κείρασθε, συμπενθήσατ᾽ Refs 5th c.BC+ to have oneself close shorn, Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, κουρᾷ.. πενθίμῳ κεκαρμένος Refs 5th c.BC+; σύμβολον κ. half-cropped, Refs 5th c.BC+; also, of the hair, to be cut off, πλόκαμοι κερθέντες Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 crop a person, σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἵππους, in sign of mourning, Refs 5th c.BC+; κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλάς to have their heads shorn, Refs 3rd c.BC+; shear sheep, μάχαιραι κουρίδες, αἷς κείρομεν τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς ποιμένας Refs 5th c.BC+; κείρεσθαί (tonderi) μου τὰ πρόβατα, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἀποξύρεσθαι (deglubi) βούλομαι Tiber. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+; τὸ μὲν [καρῆναι] ἐπὶ προβάτων τιθέασι καὶ ἐπὶ ἀτίμου κουρᾶς Refs 2nd c.AD+; but τῶν Ἀργείων ἐπὶ πένθει καρέντων Plu.[same place]; τῷ σε χρὴ δρεπάνοισι καὶ οὐ ψαλίδεσσι καρῆναι Refs 4th c.AD+ __3 metaphorically, 'fleece', plunder, τὴν μάμμην Refs 3rd c.BC+ __II cut down, δοῦρ᾽ ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Refs 8th c.BC+; crop close, opposed to ἐπιτέμνειν, Refs 4th c.BC+; pluck, ἄνθη Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 ravage a country, especially by cutting down crops and fruit-trees, τὸ πεδίον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὴν γῆν Refs 5th c.BC+; destroy, πόλιν Refs 3rd c.BC+ P.; also, clear, of pioneers, ὄρος Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of a country, to be ravaged, καρῆναι Refs 3rd c.BC+ —middle, χθὼν πεύκας κειραμένη having its pine-trees cut down, Refs 1st c.AD+ had her glory shorn off, epigram cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+; Ἄρης νυχίαν πλάκα κερσάμενος having had the plain swept clean (by destroying the men), Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.3 ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον slaughtered many a horned beast by hewing, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.4 hew, carve, ἐπίβασιν Refs __II.5 cut through transversely, opposed to σχίζειν (slit longitudinally), φλέβα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III generally, destroy, consume: __III.1 tear, eat greedily, of beasts, κείρει τ᾽ εἰσελθὼν βαθὺ λήϊον [ὄνος] Refs 8th c.BC+; of fish, δημὸν.. ἐπινεφρίδιον κείροντες Refs; of vultures, ἧπαρ ἔκειρον Refs 8th c.BC+ __III.2 metaphorically, waste, devour, ἐκείρετε πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὰ κτήματ᾽ ἐμά Refs 8th c.BC+

ξῠρ-έω, Trag. and Attic dialect (see. below); ξῠράω, Refs 1st c.AD+ (also in present middle, Refs 1st c.BC+, and present passive, Refs 2nd c.AD+; both forms in codices of Refs 5th c.BC+; compare ξύρω: future -ήσωLXX: aorist ἐξύρησα Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, future ξυρήσομαι LXX+1st c.AD+ see at {πριαμωθήσομαι}: aorist ἐξυρησάμην LXX+2nd c.AD+:—passive, future -ηθήσομαιLXXperfect ἐξύρημαι (see. below): (ξυρόν):—shave, ξυροῦντες (variant{-ῶντες}) τῶν παιδίων τὴν κεφαλήν Refs 5th c.BC+ it shaves close, 'touches the quick', Refs 5th c.BC+; ξυρεῖν ἐπιχειρεῖν λέοντα, of a dangerous undertaking, 'beard the lion', Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle and passive, shave oneself or have oneself shaved, ξυρεῦνται (variant{-ῶνται}) Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξυρημένος Refs 5th c.BC+ they shave their whole body or have it shaved, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξυρημένος τὴν κεφαλήν with one's head shaved, Refs 2nd c.AD+

δῐχο-τομέω, cut in twain: bisect a line, Refs 2nd c.BC+:—passive, Refs 4th c.BC+: metaphorically of the medial raphe of the perineum, Refs 7th c.AD+ __2 punish with the last severity, NT __3 divide into two (logically), Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 intransitive, of the moon, uncertain in Refs 1st c.AD+

† [בָּזָא] vb. divide, cut through (? cf. Aramaic בְּזַע, ܒܙܰܥ cleave)— Qal Pf. בָּֽזְאוּ נהרים Is 18:2, 7 whose land rivers cut through (of Cush).

† [גְּדַד] vb. hew down (𝔗J; Syriac (rare); BH cut);— Pe. Imv. mpl. גֹּ֫דּוּ אִילָנָא (K§ 46, Beisp. α) Dn 4:11, 20.

† I. [חָצַץ] vb. divide (NH make a partition; Assyrian ḫaṣâṣu, cut in two, ZimBP 24 n.; Ethiopic ሐጸጸ: curtail, diminish)— Qal Pt. חֹצֵץ intr. Pr 30:27 of locusts ויצא ח׳ כלו; i.e. dividing (themselves) into companies or swarms. Pi. Pt. מְחַצְצִים v. חצץ" dir="rtl" >II. חצץ. Pu. Pf. מספר חדשׁיו חֻצָּ֑צוּ Jb 21:21 the number of his months, they have been cut in two (fig. for curtailed).

† [כָּסַח] vb. cut off or away, a plant (NH id.; Aramaic כְּסַח, ܟܣܰܚ (for Heb. זָמַר); Arabic كَسَحَ sweep off, away, destroy, do away with; cf. Sab. כסח overpower, conquer, HomZMG 1892, 532)—only Qal Pt. pass., fs. כְּסוּחָה ψ 80:17, cut away, of Isr. under fig. of vine; mpl. קוֹצִים כְּסוּחים Is 33:12 thorns cut away, fig. of peoples destroyed by divine judgment.

† [כָּסַם] vb. shear, clip (Assyrian kasâmu, cut in pieces, according to DlHWB 344);—only Qal Impf. and Inf. abs. כָּסוֹם יִכְסְמוּ אֶת־רָאשֵׁיהֶם Ez 44:20 they shall by all means clip their heads (opp. יְגַלֵּ֔חוּ shave and יְשַׁלֵּ֑חוּ, i.e. let grow freely).

† מָלַק vb. nip, nip off (head of bird; without necessarily severing it from body, cf. Lv 5:8) (NH id., Aramaic מְלַק, ܡܠܰܓ );— Qal Pf. consec. וּמָלַק אֶת־רֹאשׁוֹ Lv 1:15, i.e. head of dove; cf. וּמָלֵק אֶת־רֹאשׁוֹ מִמּוּל עָרְפּוֹ וְלֹא יַבְדִּיל Lv 5:8. Cf. Di-Ry 𝔊 ἀποκνίζω.

[קָצַב] vb. cut off, shear (?) (NH קָצַב decide, determine, Pi. chop meat; Palm. קצבא butcher, so Syriac ܩܰܨܳܒܳܐ, J.Aram. קַצָּבָא, and Arabic قَصَّابٌ as loan-word Frä 258; Arabic قَضَبَ also is cut off a branch);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקְצָב־עֵץ 2 K 6:6 he cut off a stick; Pt. pass. fpl. עֵדֶר הַקְצוּבוֹת Ct 4:2 a flock of (sheep) that are shorn (?).

κατα-κόπτω, cut down, fell, of trees, in passive, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 cut in pieces, cut up, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.; κρέα Refs 5th c.BC+; κατακοπείς cut in pieces, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 cut down, massacre, butcher, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, ὥσπερ βόες κατεκόπησαν Refs 1st c.BC+ __4 in a military sense, cut in pieces, 'cut up', τὴν μόραν Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, κατακοπῆναι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 κ. πληγαῖς τινα Refs 4th c.AD+ __6 generally, break in pieces, destroy, στεφάνους Refs 4th c.BC+; ἔρια ὑπὸ τῶν σέων κατακοπτόμενα fretted in pieces, Refs 5th c.BC+; κατεκόπημεν ἄν we should have been made mince-meat of, Refs 5th c.BC+ __7 weary, bore, Refs 4th c.BC+ __8 Rhet., λέξις -κεκομμένη 'staccato', jerky composition, Refs 4th c.BC+ __9 in middle, μαστοὺς κατεκόψατο, in vehement grief, Refs __II strike with a die, coin bullion into money, Refs 5th c.BC+

πρίζω, ={πρίω}, saw, Refs 5th c.BC+: imperfect ἔπριζον LXX __II file, ῥίνῃ πρίζειν Refs 2nd c.AD+

συντέμνω, Ionic dialect συν-τάμνω Refs 5th c.BC+future -τεμῶ: aorist -έτεμον:— cut down, cut short, ξ. τὰς πρῴρας ἐς ἔλασσον Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. χιτῶνας cut out, shape them, Refs 5th c.BC+; συντέμνει δ᾽ ὅρος ὑγρᾶς θαλάσσης the sea cuts short, terminates (my realm), Refs 4th c.BC+; σ. τὰς πλεκτάνας cut them off, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __2 metaphorically, εἰς ἓν.. πάντα τὰ μέλη ξυντεμῶ Refs 5th c.BC+; τιμὰς ξ. abridge them, Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle, πάντα τοι ξυντέμνεται Κύπρις.. βουλεύματα Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 especially of expenses, σ. τὴν μισθοφοράν Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. τὰς δαπάνας εἰς τὰ καθ᾽ ἡμέραν cut down one's expenses to one's daily wants, Refs 5th c.BC+ —passive, εἰ.. ἐς εὐτέλειάν τι ξυντέτμηται (see. εὐτέλεια Refs 5th c.BC+; συντμηθῆναι τὴν σύνταξιν that my allowance has been cut down, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __4 of persons, cut them off, συντέμνουσι γὰρ θεῶν.. τοὺς κακόφρονας Βλάβαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 divide logically, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of speech, ἐν βραχεῖ πολλοὺς λόγους Refs 5th c.BC+, cut the matter short, speak briefly, ὡς δὲ συντέμω Refs 5th c.BC+; σύντεμνε cut short, make an end, Refs 4th c.BC+; συντεμόντι, like{συνελόντι εἰπεῖν}, in brief, Refs 4th c.BC+: also ς. (i.e. τὴν ὁδόν) cut the way short, cut across, σ. ἀπ᾽ Ἀμπέλου ἄκρης ἐπὶ Καναστραῖον ἄκρην Refs 5th c.BC+ __III intransitive, τοῦ χρόνου συντάμνοντος as the time became short, Refs __IV hew out, καινὴν.. καὶ ἐρήμην ἀνοδίαν Refs 3rd c.AD+ __V cut together, join by an incision, ἵνα συντμηθῇ πάντα καὶ γένηται μία ἕλκωσις Refs 1st c.AD+

† II. [גְּדוּד, or גְּדוּדָה] n.[m. or f.

† II. [גְּדוּד, or גְּדוּדָה] n.[m. or f.

† [גַּלָּב] n.[m.] barber (Ph. גלב CISi, 257 ff.)—Ez 5:1 תַּעַר הַגַּלָּבִים.

† [גָּרַז] vb. cut, cut off (Arabic جَرَزَ cut, cut off, exterminate)— Niph. Pf. נִגְרַזְתִּי ψ 31:23 = destroyed out of Yahweh’s sight.

I. [גָּרַם] vb. cut off, hence reserve (?) (NH גָּרַם is shorten, occasion, bring about, to pass, Aramaic גְּרַם Pa. occasion, bring about, ܓܪܰܡ abscidit, decrevit, cf. Arabic جَرَمَ cut off (fruit), shear (sheep);—on connexion of ideas v. Fl NHWB i.437) Qal Pf. 3 pl. לֹא גָֽרְמוּ לַבֹּקֶר Zp 3:3 they have reserved nothing for the morrow, in fig. of cruel judges (dub.: al. from ii. [גָּרַם], v. KauAT Dr).

† II. [חָרַם] vb. slit (nose, lip, ear, etc.), mutilate, especially face (Arabic خَرَمَ perforate, pierce, slit the partition between the nostrils, or the lip, or the lobe of the ear)— Qal Pt. pass. אִישׁ עִוֵּר אוֹ פִּסֵּחַ אוֹ חָרֻם אוֹ שָׂרוּעַ a man blind or lame or mutilated in the face (in nose, lip, ear, etc.), or too long in a limb Lv 21:18 (H), v. Di (Kn).

† [קוֹט] dub. vb.intrans., assumed meaning break, snap (supposed to be akin to Arabic قَطَّ cut, cut off, pare, trim [whence Buhl assumes √ קטט]), to account for יָקוֹט Jb 8:14, either as Qal Impf. 3 ms. whose hope snappeth; or as n.[m.] = fragile thing (‖ בֵּית עַכָּבִישׁ; cf. Di Bu); prob. crpt.; Du Beer read קוּרִים, Bu conj. קֻרֵי קַיִט [Aramaism for ק׳ קַיִץ].

I. קָצַע vb. scrape, scrape off (NH id., also קְצִיעָה = BH, 𝔗 קְצִיעֲתָא, Arabic قُضَاعٌ fine dust);— Hiph. id. Impf. 3 ms. אֶת־הַבַּיִת יַקְצִעַ Lv 14:41.

קצא (√ of following; BH I. קצה, קָצֶה).

† [שָׁסַף] vb. dub.: Pi. hew in pieces (Vrss and context);—Impf. 3 ms. וַיְשַׁסֵּף 1 S 15:33, acc. pers.;—Gr Dr HPS qy. וַיְשַׁסַּע, but improb.