H8425 H8425
Togarmah; name of a northern territory/people in Armenia or Asia Minor, descended from Japheth
This geographical and ethnic name refers to a northern territory, likely in Armenia or northwestern Asia Minor. Genesis 10:3 lists Togarmah as a descendant of Gomer (Japheth's line) in the Table of Nations. 1 Chronicles 1:6 repeats the genealogy. Ezekiel 27:14 mentions 'Beth-togarmah' (house of Togarmah) as trading horses, war horses, and mules to Tyre. Ezekiel 38:6 includes Togarmah from the far north among Gog's allies. The multilingual glosses show transliteration (Spanish Togarma/Togarmah, French/German variations). Ancient sources associate this with Armenian territory. In Ezekiel's cosmic geography, Togarmah represents the distant north—the edge of the known world, source of prized horses and allied with apocalyptic enemies.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A northern territory/people, probably in Armenia or Asia Minor, descended from Japheth through Gomer (Gen 10:3, 1 Chr 1:6). Known for trading horses and mules to Tyre (Ezek 27:14). Appears among Gog's northern allies in eschatological prophecy (Ezek 38:6). The name evokes the far north in Israel's geographical imagination—a remote region producing war horses, representing the distant reaches from which apocalyptic threats emerge. Ancient interpreters identified it with Armenian territory. 4×
AR["تُوجَرْمَةَ", "وَ-توجَرْمَة", "وَ-تُوجَرْمَةُ"]·ben["আর-তোগর্মা", "ও-তোগর্মা", "তোগর্মার"]·DE["[ותוגרמה]", "[תוגרמה]", "und-Togarma"]·EN["Togarmah", "and-Togarmah"]·FR["Taw", "et-Togarma", "et-Togarmah"]·heb["ו-תגרמה", "ו-תוגרמה", "תוגרמה"]·HI["और-तोगरमाह", "और-तोगर्मा", "तोगर्मा", "तोगर्माह-के"]·ID["Togarma", "Togarma,", "dan-Togarma"]·IT["[תוגרמה]", "e-Togarma", "e-Togarmah"]·jav["Togarma", "lan-Togarma"]·KO["그-와-도갈마", "그리고-도갈마", "도가르마의", "또가르마의"]·PT["Togarma", "Togarmah", "e-Togarmah"]·RU["Тогармы", "Фогармы", "и-Тогарма", "и-Фогарма"]·ES["Togarma", "Togarmah,", "y-Togarma", "y-Togarmá"]·SW["Togarma", "na-Togarma"]·TR["Togarma'nın", "ve-Togarma"]·urd["اور-توجرمہ", "توجرمہ-کا", "توگرمہ-کے", "و-توجرمہ"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† תֹּגַרְמָה, תּו׳ n.pr.terr. Gn 10:3 = תּו׳ 1 Ch 1:6; בֵּית תּו׳ Ez 27:14; 38:6; Θοργαμα, Θεργ., etc.; it lay in (SW.) Armenia according to Di Gn 10:2 (and reff.), DlPa 246; > NW. Asia Minor (Gk. Τευθρανία) LagGes. Abh. 257; Armen. Stud.§ 865; Abh. GGW. xxxv (1888), 142.