Buscar / H8199
שָׁפַט185 H8199
Prep-l | V-Qal-Inf  |  204× en 6 sentidos
Juzgar, gobernar, vindicar, litigar; como participio: juez (cargo); Nifal: ser juzgado, comparecer en juicio
שָׁפַט es el verbo jurídico y gubernamental de la Biblia hebrea, cubriendo el arco completo desde la adjudicación en el tribunal hasta la gobernanza nacional y la vindicación divina de los oprimidos. En el periodo de los Jueces, el שׁוֹפֵט no era un simple árbitro sino un líder carismático militar y político, acepción que el árabe قَضَى (que abarca tanto 'juzgar' como 'gobernar') confirma. El mismo verbo se vuelve adversarial en el Nifal para significar 'entrar en juicio', como cuando Dios desafía a Israel a contender con Él (Is 43:26). El español distingue juzgar (adjudicar) de gobernar y vindicar, reflejando las mismas fracturas visibles en la evidencia hebrea.

Sentidos
1. juzgar, administrar justicia La acción verbal Qal fundamental: juzgar, dictar sentencias, administrar justicia. Noventa y ocho apariciones, desde Samuel juzgando a Israel en Betel, Gilgal y Mizpa (1 S 7:16) hasta la oración de Salomón pidiendo sabiduría judicial (1 R 3:9). El árabe حَكَمَ, el español juzgar, el francés juger y el coreano 심판하다 convergen en la adjudicación forense. 98×
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["أَدِينُ", "أَدِينُكُمْ", "أَدِينُكِ", "أَقْضي", "وَ-قَضى", "وَ-قَضَى"]·ben["আমি-বিচার-করব", "এবং-বিচার-করতেন", "এবং-বিচার-করল", "এবং-বিচার-করলেন", "বিচার-করব", "বিচার-করব-আমি"]·DE["richten", "richtete", "und-er-richtete", "und-richtete"]·EN["I-shall-judge", "I-will-judge", "and-he-judged", "and-judged", "will-judge"]·FR["et-il-jugea", "et-jugea", "juger"]·heb["אשפוט", "ו-ישפוט", "ו-שפט"]·HI["एश्पोत", "और-न्याय-किया", "न्याय-करूँगा", "न्याय-करूँगा-मैं", "हमारी-राह"]·ID["Aku-akan-menghakimi", "Dan-menghakimi", "dan-dia-menghakimi", "dan-memimpin", "dan-memimpinlah", "dan-menghakimi", "dan-menghakimilah-ia", "menghakimi"]·IT["e-egli-giudicò", "e-giudicò", "giudicare", "giudico'"]·jav["Aku-badhé-ngadili", "Ingsun-badhé-ngadili", "Kawula-ngadili", "Kula-badhé-ngadili", "Lan-ngadili", "Lan-piyambakipun-ngadili", "kawula-badhé-ngadili", "lan-ngadili"]·KO["그리고-그가-재판했다", "그리고-다스렸다", "그리고-사사했다", "그리고-심판했다", "그리고-재판했다", "내가-심판하리라", "심판하리라", "심판하리이다"]·PT["E-julgou", "e-julgava", "e-julgou", "julgarei", "te-julgarei"]·RU["И-судил", "буду-судить", "и-судил"]·ES["Y-juzgó", "juzgaré", "te-juzgaré", "y-juzgaba", "y-juzgó"]·SW["na-akahukumu", "na-akawaamua", "nitahukumu", "nitakuhukumu", "nitawahukumu"]·TR["Ve-yargıladı", "ve-hükm-etti", "ve-yargıladı", "ve-yargılardı", "ve-yargıçlık-yaptı", "yargılayacağım", "İsrail'in"]·urd["اور-عدالت-کرتا-تھا", "اور-عدالت-کی", "اور-فیصلہ-کیا", "عدالت-کروں-گا"]
2. juez (persona, cargo) El participio activo Qal lexicalizado como sustantivo 'juez' (שׁוֹפֵט/שׁוֹפְטִים). Sesenta y una apariciones que abarcan el nombramiento judicial (Dt 16:18), el título divino 'Juez de toda la tierra' (Gn 18:25) y los magistrados del periodo homónimo. El árabe القاضي, el español el juez y el alemán der Richter confirman su estatus plenamente nominalizado. 61×
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["القاضيَ", "القَاضِيَ", "القُضَاةِ", "الْقاضي", "الْقَاضِي", "الْقُضَاةُ", "الْقُضَاةِ", "قاضِياً", "قُضاةً", "قُضَاةً", "قُضَاةَ"]·ben["আদেশ-দিয়েছিলাম", "বিচারক", "বিচারককে", "বিচারকদের", "বিচারকর্তা", "বিচারকর্তাদের", "বিচারকের-", "সেই-বিচারকদের", "সেই-বিচারকের", "সেই-বিচারকেরা"]·DE["Gerichte", "Richter", "der-Richter", "der-richtet", "ein-richte", "richten", "richtet", "richtete"]·EN["a-judge", "judge", "judges", "the-judge", "the-judges"]·FR["juger", "juges", "le-juge", "le-juger", "le-juges", "les-juges", "un-juge"]·heb["ה-שופט", "ה-שופטים", "שׁוֹפט", "שופט", "שופטי", "שופטים"]·HI["न्यायाधीश", "न्यायाधीशों", "न्यायाधीशों-को", "न्यायाधीशोंको", "न्यायियों-का", "न्यायियों-को", "न्यायी", "न्यायी-की", "न्यायी-के", "ह-शोफ़तीम-के"]·ID["hakim", "hakim-hakim", "hakim-itu", "para-hakim", "sebagai-hakim-hakim"]·IT["giudica", "giudicare", "il-giudica", "il-giudicare", "il-giudice", "il-judges", "un-giudica"]·jav["hakim", "hakim-punika", "kang-hakim", "para-hakim"]·KO["그-사사", "그-사사들이", "그-사사의", "그-재판관이", "사사관들의", "사사들을", "재판관", "재판관과", "재판관들-을", "재판관들로", "재판관들을", "재판관들이", "재판관으로", "재판관을"]·PT["juiz", "juízes", "juízes-de", "o-juiz", "os-juízes"]·RU["-судье", "-судьи", "-судья", "судей", "судьи", "судью", "судьям", "судьями", "судьёй"]·ES["a-jueces", "el-juez", "jueces", "juez", "los-jueces"]·SW["hakimu", "mwamuzi", "waamuzi"]·TR["-yargıçların", "de-yargıcın", "de-yargıç", "hakim", "hakimler", "hâkimi", "hâkimlerin", "yargic", "yargiclari", "yargıca", "yargıç", "yargıçlar", "yargıçları"]·urd["حاکم-کو", "قاضی", "قاضی-کے", "قاضیوں", "قاضیوں-کو", "قاضیوں-کی"]
3. vindicar, hacer justicia Formas Qal con fuerza benefactiva o vindicatoria: juzgar a favor de, defender al oprimido. Dieciséis apariciones, incluyendo la súplica de David 'Júzgame, oh Señor' (Sal 7:9), 'Vindícame, oh Dios' (Sal 26:1) y el llamado de Isaías a 'hacer justicia al huérfano' (Is 1:17). El árabe اُحْكُمْ لِي ('juzga a mi favor') y el español júzgame confirman la orientación favorable al suplicante. 16×
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["أَحْكُمُ", "احْكُمْ", "احْكُمْ-", "احْكُمْ-لي", "احْكُمْ-لِي", "احْكُمْنِي", "ادِنِ", "اِقضُوا-لِلـ", "لِتَحْكُمَ", "وَيَقضي-لي", "يَحكُمُ", "يَحْكُمُ", "يَقضُونَ-لَهُ", "يَقْضي-"]·ben["আমার-বিচার-করুন", "এবং-ন্যায়-করবেন-আমাকে", "বিচার-কর", "বিচার-কর-আমাকে", "বিচার-করছি", "বিচার-করতে", "বিচার-করুন", "বিচার-করে", "বিচার-করো", "বিচার-করো-", "বিচার-করো-আমাকে", "বিচারক", "বিচারকারী", "যে-বিচার-করে", "সে-বিচার-করবে"]·DE["richten", "richtet", "richtete", "und-moege-er-vindicate-mich", "zu-richtete"]·EN["and-may-he-vindicate-me", "do-justice-for", "judge", "judge-me", "judging", "may-he-vindicate", "they-do-justice-for", "to-do-justice-for", "vindicate-me", "who-judges"]·FR["et-peut-il-vindicate-moi", "il-a-jugé", "il-jugera", "juge-moi", "juger", "à-juger"]·heb["ו-ישפט-ני", "ישפוט", "ישפטו", "ל-שפוט", "שופט", "שופטים", "שפוט-", "שפוט-אותי", "שפטה", "שפטו", "שפטני"]·HI["और-न्याय-करेगा-मुझे", "देखो-मैं", "न्याय-कर", "न्याय-कर-", "न्याय-कर-मेरा", "न्याय-करने-को", "न्याय-करने-वाला", "न्याय-करनेवाला", "न्याय-करो", "न्यायकर्ता", "वह-न्याय-करेगा", "वे-न्याय-करते"]·ID["Ia-akan-menghakimi", "Untuk-mengadili", "berilah-keadilan", "dan-biarlah-menghakimiku", "hakimilah", "hakimilah-aku", "mengadili", "menghakimi", "mereka-bela", "yang-menghakimi"]·IT["e-possa-egli-vindicate-me", "giudicami", "giudicare", "giudicate", "giudico'"]·jav["Adilanana-kula", "Adili", "Kanggé-ngadili", "Mugi-ngadili-kula", "Ngadilana", "Piyambakipun-badhé-ngadili", "adilanana-kula", "ing-rah", "kang-ngadili", "lan-mugi-ngadili-kawula", "mugi-ngadili", "ngadili", "ngukumi", "piyambakipun-ngadili"]·KO["그리고-심판하시기를", "변호하고", "변호하라", "심판하는", "심판하는-자다", "심판하라", "심판하소서", "심판하소서-나-를", "심판하시는", "심판하시려고", "재판하는", "재판하소서", "판단하소서", "판단하시리이다"]·PT["Julga-me", "Julgai", "Julgue", "Para-fazer-justiça", "e-julgue-me", "julga", "julga-", "julga-me", "julgam", "julgando", "que-julga"]·RU["да-судит", "и-рассудит-меня", "рассуди-меня", "суди", "суди-", "суди-меня", "судил", "судите", "судят", "судящий", "сужу", "чтобы-судить"]·ES["Juzgará", "Júzgame", "Para-juzgar", "defended", "hacen-justicia", "juzga", "juzga-", "juzgando", "júzgame", "que-juzga", "y-me-hará-justicia"]·SW["Atawahukumu", "Kuhukumu", "Nihukumu", "ahukumuye", "akiwahukumu", "hakimuni", "hawahukumu", "hukumu", "hukumu-", "na-anihukumie", "nihukumu", "ninahukumu"]·TR["Yargıla-beni", "hukmedin", "hukum-verirler", "ve-yargılasın-beni", "yargıla", "yargıla-", "yargıla-beni", "yargılamak-için-", "yargılasın", "yargılayan", "yargılıyorum"]·urd["-انصاف-کرنے-کو", "انصاف-دلواؤ", "انصاف-کر", "انصاف-کر-میرا", "انصاف-کرنے-والا", "اور-فیصلہ-کرے-گا-مجھے", "عدالت-کر", "عدالت-کر-میری", "فیصلہ-کر", "فیصلہ-کرتا-تھا", "فیصلہ-کرنے-والا-ہوں", "فیصلہ-کَرنے-والا", "میرا-انصاف-کر", "وہ-انصاف-کرتے", "وہ-عدالت-کرے-گا"]
4. entrar en juicio, litigar Nifal y formas afines de acción judicial recíproca: entrar en juicio, contender en un pleito, litigar. Trece apariciones, incluyendo el 'entraré en juicio con vosotros' de Dios (Ez 20:35-36), la futilidad de contender con Dios (Job 9:15) y el tribunal del necio (Pr 29:9). El árabe حَاكَمَ (Forma III, 'litigar') marca el paso de la autoridad al enfrentamiento adversarial. 13×
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["أُحَاكِمُ", "حَاكَمْتُ", "لِقاضيَّ", "لِنَتَحَاكَمَ", "مُتَحَاكِمٌ", "وَ-أُحاكِمُهُمْ", "وَ-أُحَاكِمُكُمْ", "وَأُحَاكِمُكُمْ", "وَأُحَاكِمُهُ", "يُحاكِمُ", "يُحَاكِمُ"]·ben["-আমার-বিচারকের-কাছে", "আর-আমি-বিচার-করব", "আর-বিচার-করব", "এবং-আমি-বিচার-করব", "এবং-বিচার-করব-আমি", "কেউ-বিচার-করে", "তোমাদের-সাথে", "বিচার-করছি", "বিচার-করছেন", "বিচার-করে", "বিচার-করেছিলাম-আমি", "বিচার-হই"]·DE["richten", "richtete", "und-ich-wird-richte", "und-richten", "und-richtete", "zu-Rechte-von"]·EN["I-judged", "I-will-judge", "am-entering-into-judgment", "and-I-will-enter-into-judgment", "and-I-will-judge", "contending", "judging", "let-us-argue-together", "one-judging", "to-my-Judge"]·FR["et-je-fera-juge", "et-juger", "juger", "à-juger-moi"]·heb["אשפוט", "ו-אשפטה", "ו-נשפטתי", "ל-שופטי", "נישפט", "נישפטה", "נשפט", "נשפטתי"]·HI["अपने-न्यायाधीश-से", "और-न्याय-करूँगा", "और-न्याय-करूँगा-मैं", "और-मैं-न्याय-करूंगा", "न्याय-करता", "न्याय-करता-हूं", "न्याय-करता-है", "न्याय-करूँगा-मैं", "न्याय-करें-हम", "न्याय-किया-मैंने", "न्याय-पानेवाला"]·ID["Aku-akan-berperkara", "Aku-berperkara", "berperkara", "dan-Aku-akan-berperkara", "dan-Aku-akan-menghakimi", "dan-aku-akan-menghakimi", "kepada-hakimku", "mari-kita-berperkara", "mengadili", "menghakimi"]·IT["e-giudicare", "e-io-vorrà-giudica", "giudicare", "per-giudicare-mio"]·jav["Aku-badhé-ngadili", "Aku-ngadili", "dhumateng-hakim-kawula", "ingkang-dipunadili", "lan-Aku-badhé-ngadili", "lan-Ingsun-ngadili", "lan-Kawula-badhé-ngadili", "lan-kawula-badhe-ngadili", "ngadili", "ngruket", "sumangga-kita-ngadili"]·KO["그리고-내가-심판하리라", "그리고-심판하겠다", "그리고-심판하리라", "그리고-재판하겠다-나는", "나의-재판관-에게", "소송하다", "심판하는-것이다", "심판하리라", "심판했다", "재판하는-자가", "재판하자"]·PT["E-julgarei", "a-meu-juiz", "e-entrarei-em-juízo", "e-julgarei", "e-julgarei-me", "entrarei-em-juízo", "entrei-em-juízo", "julgando", "julguemos", "pleiteando", "é-julgado"]·RU["Судью-моему", "будем-судиться", "и-буду-судить", "и-буду-судиться", "с-вами", "судился", "судится", "судящего", "судящий", "судящийся"]·ES["Y-me-juzgaré", "a-mi-juez", "entraré-en-juicio", "entremos-en-juicio", "juzgando", "litigaré", "litigué", "que-juzga", "quien-juzgue", "y-juzgaré", "y-litigaré"]·SW["Nitamhukumu", "akishindana", "anahukumu", "anayeshitaki", "hakimu-wangu", "na-nitahukumu", "na-nitamhukumu", "na-nitawahukumu", "nilivyowahukumu", "ninahukumu", "nitawahukumu", "tuhukumiwe"]·TR["Babel'e", "davalı-olursa", "ve-yargılayacağım", "yargilanalim", "yargilayan", "yargıcıma", "yargıladım", "yargılayacağım", "yargılıyor"]·urd["اور-عدالت-کروں-گا", "اور-عدالت-کروں-گا-میں", "اور-مَیں-عدالت-کروں-گا", "اور-میں-عدالت-کروں-گا", "اپنے-منصف-سے", "عدالت-میں", "عدالت-کرتا-ہے", "عدالت-کروں-گا", "عدالت-کی", "فیصلہ-کرنے-والا", "مقدمہ-کریں", "مقدمہ-کرے"]
5. gobernar, regir Qal extendido de lo judicial a la gobernanza política: gobernar o liderar un pueblo según el modelo premonárquico. Once apariciones: 'Danos un rey que nos juzgue', es decir, 'que nos gobierne' (1 S 8:5-6); Moisés sentado todo el día 'juzgando' como autoridad ejecutiva (Éx 18:13). El árabe قَضَى con connotación de gobierno y el libro de los Jueces confirman a שָׁפַט como término premonárquico de liderazgo. 11×
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["دَيَّانُ", "قَاضٍ", "لِ-أُحاكِمَ", "لِ-يَدِينَ", "لِ-يَقْضِيَنَا", "لِيَحْكُمَ", "وَ-يَقْضِينَا"]·ben["এবং-বিচার-করবেন-আমাদেরকে", "বিচার-করতে", "বিচার-করতে-আমাদেরকে", "বিচারক"]·DE["richten", "richtete", "und-er-wird-richte-uns", "zu-richte", "zu-richte-uns", "zu-richten", "zu-richtete"]·EN["and-he-will-judge-us", "judging", "to-judge", "to-judge-us", "who-judges"]·FR["et-il-fera-juge-nous", "juger", "pour-il-a-jugé", "à-juge", "à-juge-nous", "à-juger"]·heb["ו-שפטנו", "ל-שופט", "ל-שפֹּט", "ל-שפוט", "ל-שפטנו", "שופט"]·HI["और-न्याय-करेगा-हमारा", "के-लिए-न्याय-करने-हमारा", "न्याय-करने", "न्याय-करने-के-लिए", "न्याय-करने-को", "न्यायी"]·ID["Hakim", "dan-akan-menghakimi-kami", "untuk-menghakimi", "untuk-menghakimi-kami", "yang-menghakimi"]·IT["a-giudica", "a-giudica-noi", "a-giudice", "e-egli-vorrà-giudica-noi", "giudicare", "giudico'"]·jav["ingkang-ngadili", "kagem-ngadili", "kangge-ngadili", "kangge-ngadili-kita", "kanggé-ngadili", "lan-ngadili-kita", "supados-ngadili"]·KO["그리고-다스릴-것이다-우리를", "다스리게-하라-우리를", "심판하는-자이시라", "심판하시려고", "에-심판하다", "위하여-심판하기", "재판하려고", "재판하시며"]·PT["Juiz-de", "e-julgará-nos", "para-julgar", "para-julgar-nos", "um-que-julga"]·RU["и-будет-судить-нас", "судить", "судящий", "чтобы-судить-нас"]·ES["a-juzgar", "juez", "juez-de", "para-juzgar", "para-juzgarnos", "y-nos-juzgará"]·SW["kuhukumu", "kutuhukumu", "mhukumu", "na-atutawale"]·TR["ve-yargılayacak-bizi", "yargilayan", "yargılamak-için", "yargılamak-için-bizi", "yargılayan"]·urd["اور-عدالت-کرے-گا", "عدالت-کرنے", "عدالت-کرنے-کو", "فیصلہ-کرنے", "فیصلہ-کرنے-والے", "فیصلہ-کرنے-کو", "منصف"]
6. ser juzgado (pasivo) El Nifal pasivo: ser juzgado, comparecer en juicio, someterse a sentencia. Cinco apariciones, incluyendo 'sean juzgadas las naciones delante de ti' (Sal 9:20), la garantía para el justo (Sal 37:33) y el devastador 'cuando sea juzgado, salga culpable' (Sal 109:7). El árabe يُدَان y el coreano 심판받다 confirman la voz pasiva.
JUSTICE_PUNISHMENT Courts and Legal Procedures Judging and Deciding
AR["عِندَما-يُدان", "عِنْدَ-مُحاكَمَتِهِ", "عِنْدَ-مُحَاكَمَةِ", "لِيُدَانُوا", "يَدِينُونَكِ"]·ben["বিচার-করবে-তারা-তোমাকে", "বিচারিত-হোক", "বিচারের-সময়ে-তার", "যখন-সে-বিচারিত-হয়", "যেহূর-বিচার-করার-সময়ে"]·DE["lass-sein-richtete", "richten", "richtete"]·EN["let-be-judged", "they-shall-judge-you", "when-he-is-judged", "when-judging"]·FR["dans-juger", "juger"]·heb["ב-הישפט-ו", "ב-השפטו", "יישפטו", "כ-שופט", "שפטוך"]·HI["जब-न्याय-हो", "न्याय-हों", "न्यायकरतेसमय-", "में-न्याय-होने-पर-उसके"]·ID["biarlah-dihakimi", "ketika-dihakimi", "ketika-menghakimi", "mereka-akan-menghakimimu"]·IT["giudicare", "giudico'"]·jav["Menawi-dipunadili", "dipun-adili", "nalika-dipun-adili", "nalika-ngukumi", "sami-ngadili-panjenengan"]·KO["-심판-받을-때", "심판-받을-때에", "심판받게-하소서", "심판하리라-너를", "심판할-때에"]·PT["Quando-for-julgado", "quando-for-julgado", "quando-julgou", "sejam-julgadas", "te-julgarão"]·RU["Когда-будут-судить-его", "да-будут-судимы", "и-по-делам", "когда-судился", "когда-судят-его"]·ES["Cuando-sea-juzgado", "cuando-juzgaba", "cuando-sea-juzgado", "sean-juzgadas", "te-juzgarán"]·SW["Yehu-alipohukumu", "anapohukumiwa", "atakapohukumiwa", "wahukumiwe", "watakuhukumu"]·TR["yargılandığında", "yargılansınlar", "yargılarken", "yargılayacaklar-seni"]·urd["جب-عدالت-ہو", "جب-فیصلہ-کر-رہا-تھا", "عدالت-میں", "عدالت-کریں-گے-تیری", "عدالت-ہو"]

Sentidos Relacionados
H4941 1. justice, righteousness (134×)H4941 2. judgment, judicial decision (119×)H4941 3. ordinances, statutes (plural) (110×)G2919 1. judge, pass judgment (76×)G2920 1. judgment / condemnation (48×)H7378 1. Qal: quarrel, contend, strive (42×)H4941 4. prescribed ordinance, regulation (34×)G1832 1. it is lawful, it is permitted (32×)G2917 1. judgment, condemnation (27×)G2919 2. be judged, stand trial (27×)H5360 1. vengeance, retribution (27×)H7378 2. Qal: plead, defend, litigate (22×)G2723 1. accuse, bring charges against (20×)G2923 1. judge (one who judges/decides) (19×)G2632 1. condemn, pass judgment against (18×)H1777 1. judge, adjudicate (18×)H1576 1. recompense, retribution (17×)H5359 1. vengeance, retribution (17×)H7561 1. condemn, declare guilty (Hifil) (17×)H7275 1. stone, pelt with stones (16×)

Referencia BDB / Léxico
שָׁפַט185 vb. judge, govern (NH in deriv.; Ph. שפט = שֹׁפֵט, also in n.pr.; Pun. sufet Lzb381; Biblical Aramaic שָֽׁפְטִין; Assyrian šapâtu (t = ת), syn. dânu (דִּין), judge DlWB 684, šipṭu (ט), prob. judgment [and šapiṭu, captain?] JenZA iv (1889), 278 f.; on poss. connexion with Arabic سفط v. NöZMG xi (1886), 724; on usage of vb. see FergusonJBL viii (1888), 130 ff.);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Ju