H8150 H8150
to sharpen (Qal: blade/weapon); to teach diligently (Piel: impress/repeat); to be pierced (Hitpael: reflexive/passive)
1. to sharpen (Qal: blade/weapon) — The Qal stem sense of sharpening a blade, arrow, or weapon -- both active verbal forms and passive participles meaning 'sharp/sharpened.' Eng 'sharpened,' 'are sharp,' 'sharp,' 'I sharpen,' 'sharpen,' 'they sharpen'; spa 'afiladas,' 'afilada,' 'afilare,' 'han afilado,' 'Afilaron'; hin 'तेज़,' 'तीखे,' 'तीखा,' 'तेज़ करूँ,' 'तेज़ करते हैं,' 'उन्होंने तेज़ की है'; arb 'مَسْنونَةٌ,' 'حادٌّ,' 'سَنَنْتُ,' 'شَحَذوا,' 'شَحَذُوا'; kor '날카로운,' '내가 갈으리라,' '갈았도다,' '날카롭게 하였도다'; swa 'mikali,' 'makali,' 'mkali,' 'ninoa,' 'wamenolea,' 'wameinoa'. All refer to the physical act of making or being sharp. 7×
AR["حادٌّ","سَنَنْتُ","شَحَذوا","شَحَذُوا","مَسنونَة","مَسنُونَةٌ","مَسْنونَةٌ"]·ben["তীক্ষ্ণ","তীক্ষ্ণ-করি-আমি","তীক্ষ্ণ-করেছে","ধারালো","ধারালো-করেছে"]·DE["[שנון]","[שנונים]","ich-sharpen","sharpen","sharpened","sie-sharpen","sind-sharp"]·EN["I-sharpen","are-sharp","sharp","sharpen","sharpened","they-sharpen"]·FR["[שנונים]","aiguiser","je-sharpen","שנון"]·heb["שנון","שנונים","שנותי","שננו"]·HI["उन्होंने-तेज़-की-है","तीखा","तीखे","तेज़","तेज़-करते-हैं","तेज़-करूँ"]·ID["Aku-mengasah","Mereka-menajamkan","mengasah","tajam","yang-tajam"]·IT["[שנונים]","affilo'","io-sharpen","sharp"]·jav["Kawula-ngasah","Sami-nlanci","landhep","sampun-nglandhepaken"]·KO["갈았도다","날카로우며","날카로운","날카롭게-하였도다","내가-갈으리라"]·PT["Afiaram","afiada","afiadas","afiar","afiaram","aguadas"]·RU["заострены","заострённые","изострили","изострю","изощряют","острая","острые"]·ES["Afilaron","afilada","afiladas","afilare","han-afilado"]·SW["imechongwa","makali","mikali","mkali","ninoa","wameinoa","wamenolea"]·TR["biledi","bilediler","bileyersem","keskin"]·urd["اُنہوں-نے-تیز-کی","تیز","تیز-کروں-میں","تیز-کی"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
2. to teach diligently (Piel: impress/repeat) — The Piel intensive stem sense of teaching or impressing words upon someone with diligence and repetition (Deut 6:7). This is a metaphorical extension from 'sharpening' to 'engraving/impressing' knowledge. Eng 'and you shall teach them diligently'; spa 'y las repetirás'; hin 'और सिखाएगा तीव्रता से'; arb 'وَتُكَرِّرُهَا' (and you shall repeat them); kor '그리고 부지런히 가르치라'; swa 'Wafundishe kwa bidii' (teach them diligently). The Arabic 'repeat' and the Swahili/English 'diligently teach' reflect the metaphor of sharpening as intensive instruction. 1×
AR["وَتُكَرِّرُهَا"]·ben["এবং-তুমি-শেখাবে-তীক্ষ্ণভাবে"]·DE["und-du-soll-lehren-ihnen-diligently"]·EN["and-you-shall-teach-them-diligently"]·FR["et-tu-devra-enseigner-eux-diligently"]·heb["ו-שיננתם"]·HI["और-सिखाएगा-तीव्रता-से"]·ID["Dan-ajarkan-dengan-tekun"]·IT["e-tu-dovra-insegnare-loro-diligently"]·jav["Lan-panjenengan-lantiha"]·KO["그리고-부지런히-가르치라"]·PT["¶ E-incutirás-as"]·RU["И-внушай"]·ES["y-las-repetirás"]·SW["Wafundishe-kwa-bidii"]·TR["ve-öğreteceksin"]·urd["اور-تیزی-سے-سکھا"]
3. to be pierced (Hitpael: reflexive/passive) — The Hitpael reflexive-passive stem sense of being pierced or stabbed, a distinct verbal stem conveying the experience of sharp pain as the sufferer. Eng 'were pierced'; spa 'eran punzados'; hin 'मैं छिदा गया था' (I was pierced); arb 'اِنْطَعَنَتا' (were stabbed); kor '찔렸나이다' (was pierced); swa 'zilichomwa' (were stabbed). The Hitpael reflexive stem marks this as experiential -- the subject undergoes the sharpening/piercing -- distinct from both active sharpening and metaphorical teaching. 1×
AR["اِنْطَعَنَتا"]·ben["আমি-বিদ্ধ-ছিলাম।"]·DE["waren-durchbohrt"]·EN["were-pierced"]·FR["aiguiser"]·heb["אשתונן"]·HI["मैं-छिदा-गया-था"]·ID["tertusuk"]·IT["affilo'"]·jav["dipuntusuk"]·KO["찔렸나이다"]·PT["eram-traspassados"]·RU["кололись"]·ES["eran-punzados"]·SW["zilichomwa"]·TR["sızladı"]·urd["چبھے-گئے-تھے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׁנַן] vb. whet, sharpen (cf. Arabic سَنَّ id.; Aramaic שְׁנִינָא, ܫܢܺܝܢܳܐ sharp, etc.; Ethiopic [ሰነነ:] iii, 2, ተሰነነ: contend, litigate; hence שֵׁן tooth, NH id., Assyrian šinnu, Arabic سِنٌّ, Ethiopic ስን: Aramaic שִׁנָּא, ܫܶܢܳܐ );— Qal whet, sharpen: Pf. 1 s. אִם שַׁנּוֹתִ֫י בְּרַק חַרְבִּי (Ges§ 67 ee) Dt 32:41, of י׳’s preparation for judgment; 3 pl. (כַחֶרֶב) שָֽׁנְנוּ לְשׁוֹנָם ψ 64:4;…