H6030c H6030c
To sing, chant, or respond in song; used for communal worship, antiphonal responses, and vocal shouts of praise
Distinguished from the more common 'anah (to answer/respond), this homonym specializes in musical and vocal performance. Miriam leads the women to 'sing' at the Red Sea (Exod 15:21), the women of Israel chant antiphonally about Saul and David's victories (1 Sam 18:7), and the Levites respond with praise at the temple foundation (Ezra 3:11). Spanish alternates between 'cantad' (sing!) and 'respondieron' (they responded), reflecting the overlap between singing and liturgical call-and-response. The Piel intensive form suggests deliberate, sustained praise (Isa 27:2).
Senses
1. sing, chant (Qal) — To sing or chant in the Qal stem, covering general singing whether as command, description, or habitual action. Israel sings at the well (Num 21:17), the women sing of David's prowess (1 Sam 21:12; 29:5), and the psalmist pledges that his tongue will 'sing' of God's word (Ps 119:172). Spanish 'Cantad' (sing!) and French 'chanter' confirm the straightforward musical sense. Psalm 147:7 uses it for thanksgiving singing with the lyre. 5×
AR["رَنِّمُوا", "غَنَّوا", "غَنُّوا-", "لِيَنْطِقْ", "يُرَنِّمُونَ"]·ben["উত্তর-দিক", "গাও", "গাও-", "গেয়ে-ছিলেন-", "তারা-গেয়েছিল"]·DE["möge-singen", "sie-sang", "sie-sing", "singen"]·EN["may-sing", "sing", "they-sang", "they-sing"]·FR["chanter", "ils-chanta", "ils-chante"]·heb["יענו", "יענו-", "ענו", "תען"]·HI["उत्तर-दो-", "गअते-थे-", "गअते-हैन", "गाए", "गाओ"]·ID["Biarlah-menyanyikan", "mereka-menyanyikan", "mereka-menyanyikan-", "nyanyikanlah", "nyanyikanlah-"]·IT["cantare", "essi-sang", "essi-sing", "rispose", "umile"]·jav["Mugi-nembang", "Mugi-nyanyi", "piyambakipun-sedaya-sanjang-", "sami-sebuta", "tiyang-tiyang-nyanyi"]·KO["노래하느냐", "노래하라", "노래하였던-", "말하리라"]·PT["Cantai", "Responda", "Respondei", "respondiam", "respondiam-"]·RU["Ответит", "Пойте", "отвечали", "отвечали-", "пойте"]·ES["Cantad", "Responderá", "cantaban-", "cantad", "respondían"]·SW["iimbe", "imbeni", "imbeni-", "waliimba", "walijibu"]·TR["söylediler-", "söylerler", "söyleyin-", "yanıtlasın", "şarkı-söyleyin"]·urd["جواب-دیں-", "جواب-دے", "گاؤ", "گاؤ-", "گاتے-تھے"]
2. respond antiphonally, answer in song — To respond antiphonally or answer in song, especially in liturgical or communal worship settings. Miriam 'answered' the men's song at the sea (Exod 15:21), the women 'answered' one another singing of Saul and David (1 Sam 18:7), and the Levites 'answered' with praise at Ezra's temple dedication (Ezra 3:11). Spanish 'respondieron/respondió' and French 'répondit' preserve the call-and-response structure. Jeremiah 25:30 extends this to God 'answering' with a roar from on high. 4×
AR["وَ-أَجَابَتِ", "وَ-أَجَابَتْ", "وَ-أَجَابُوا", "يُجِيبُ"]·ben["আর-তারা-উত্তর-দিলেন", "উত্তর-দেবেন", "এবং-উত্তর-দিল"]·DE["Strauss", "[ויענו]", "und-antwortete"]·EN["and-answered", "he-will-answer"]·FR["[ויענו]", "[יענה]", "et-répondit"]·heb["ו-יענו", "ו-ענינה", "ו-תען", "יענה"]·HI["उत्तर-देगा", "और-उन्होंने-बारी-बारी-गाया", "और-गअयेएन", "और-गाया"]·ID["Dan-menyahutlah", "Dan-mereka-bernyanyi-bersahut-sahutan", "Ia-akan-menyerukan", "dan-menyanyilah"]·IT["[ויענו]", "[יענה]", "e-rispose"]·jav["Lan-Miryam-mangsuli", "badhe-mangsuli", "lan-wangsul", "lan-wangsulan"]·KO["그리고-답하였다", "그리고-대답했다", "그리고-응답하였다", "대답하시리라"]·PT["E-responderam", "E-respondeu", "E-respondiam", "responderá"]·RU["И-отвечала", "И-отвечали", "и-пели", "ответит"]·ES["Y-respondieron", "Y-respondió", "Y-respondían", "responderá"]·SW["Na-akawajibu", "atajibu", "na-wakajibu"]·TR["Ve-cevap-verdi", "Ve-karsilik-verdiler", "Ve-söylediler", "karşılık-veriyor"]·urd["اور-گائی", "اور-گائے", "اور-گاتی-تھیں", "جواب-دے-گا"]
3. cry out, raise a shout — To cry out or raise a shout, where the emphasis falls on vocal intensity rather than melody. In Exodus 32:18, Moses distinguishes between shouts of victory, cries of defeat, and the sound of 'singing' — using this root for the vocal noise itself. Jeremiah 51:14 pictures warriors raising a shout (hedad) over Babylon. The sense sits at the boundary between singing and shouting, where volume and communal energy matter more than tune. 3×
AR["صُراخِ", "وَيَهْتِفُونَ"]·ben["উত্তর", "এবং-তুলবে"]·DE["[וענו]", "singing-von"]·EN["and-they-will-raise", "singing-of"]·FR["[וענו]", "singing-de"]·heb["ו-ענו", "ענות"]·HI["और-वे-उठाएँगे", "पुकारने-की"]·ID["dan-mereka-akan-menyerukan", "seruan"]·IT["[וענו]", "singing-di"]·jav["lan-badhé-sesambatan", "surakipun"]·KO["그리고-외치리라-그들이", "외치는"]·PT["e-levantarão", "gritos-de-"]·RU["возгласа", "и-воскликнут"]·ES["responder-de", "y-levantarán"]·SW["na-watapiga-kelele", "ya-kupiga-kelele-ya-"]·TR["haykırışının", "ve-kaldırsınlar"]·urd["اور-وہ-للکاریں-گے", "گانے-کی"]
4. sing, chant (Piel intensive) — To sing in the Piel intensive stem, suggesting deliberate, sustained, or liturgical praise. Isaiah 27:2 introduces a 'vineyard of delight — sing of it!' using the Piel imperative for emphatic communal singing. The intensive form elevates ordinary singing into purposeful worship, and Exodus 32:18 pairs this with the sound Moses hears descending the mountain. Spanish 'cantadle' (sing to him/it) reflects the directed, intentional quality of Piel praise. 2×
AR["غَنِّوا-", "غِناءٍ"]·ben["গান-কর-", "গানের"]·DE["[ענו]", "singing"]·EN["sing", "singing"]·FR["[ענו]", "singing"]·heb["ענו", "ענות"]·HI["गाओ-", "गाने"]·ID["nyanyian", "nyanyikanlah-"]·IT["[ענו]", "singing"]·jav["nyanyia-", "nyanyianipun"]·KO["노래하는", "노래하라-"]·PT["cantai-", "cantar"]·RU["воспевайте-", "пения"]·ES["cantadle", "cantar"]·SW["imbieni-", "ya-kuimba"]·TR["sarki-soyleyin-", "şarkının"]·urd["گاؤ", "گانے-کی"]
Related Senses
H0559 1. say, speak, tell (5297×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)G3004 1. say, tell, speak (2226×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H1696 1. speak, say, tell (Piel) (1105×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [תַּעֲנִית] n.f. humiliation, by fasting (cf. √ Pi.Hithp.; NH ת׳ = fasting), sf. תַּעֲנִיתִי Ezr 9:5.