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H5939 H5939
Prep-b  |  4× in 1 sense
thick darkness, deep gloom; darkness of evening or nighttime used for concealment
This word describes the deep darkness of twilight or night, particularly when used for concealment. In Genesis 15:17, it marks the mysterious darkness accompanying God's covenant with Abraham. Ezekiel uses it three times for the darkness under which the prophet performs his symbolic action of exile—carrying his belongings out in the dark as a sign of Jerusalem's coming captivity. The term implies more than mere absence of light; it suggests the obscuring gloom that hides actions or events. Multilingual glosses (Spanish 'oscuridad,' French 'ténèbres') emphasize the thickness and depth of this darkness.

Senses
1. sense 1 Thick darkness or gloom, especially at twilight. Genesis 15:17 associates it with the theophanic darkness of God's covenant ceremony. In Ezekiel 12, the repeated use (vv. 6, 7, 12) emphasizes the darkness under which the symbolic exile occurs, paralleling the actual night-flight of refugees. The darkness serves both literal and symbolic functions—concealing movements while signifying judgment.
NATURAL_WORLD Physical Events and States Darkness and Gloom
AR["فِي-الظُّلْمَةِ", "وَ-حَلَّ-ظَلَامٌ"]·ben["অন্ধকারে", "এবং-ঘন-অন্ধকার"]·DE["[בעלטה]", "und-Finsternis"]·EN["and-thick-darkness", "in-the-dark"]·FR["dans-l'obscurité", "et-épais-ténèbres"]·heb["ב-עלטה", "ו-עלטה"]·HI["और-अनधेर", "में-अंधेरे"]·ID["dalam-kegelapan", "dan-kegelapan-pekat"]·IT["e-thick-tenebre", "nell'oscurità"]·jav["ing-pepeteng", "lan-pepeteng"]·KO["그-어둠-안에서", "그리고-어둠이"]·PT["e-escuridão-densa", "na-escuridão"]·RU["во-тьме", "и-тьма"]·ES["en-oscuridad", "y-oscuridad"]·SW["gizani", "na-giza-kuu"]·TR["duvarda", "karanlıkta", "ve-karanlık"]·urd["اندھیرے-میں", "اور-اندھیرا"]

Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
עֲלָטָה n.f. thick darkness (*NH עֲלָטָה (rare); according to BaES 5 transp. from Arabic غَطَلَ [be cloudy]; غَيْطَلَةٌ darkness);—abs. ע��, attending sunset Gn 15:17 (c. vb. masc.; AlbrZAW xv (1895). 325 KöSynt. § 350 e read הָֽיְתָה); בַּע׳ Ez 12:7 (‖ בָּעֶרֶב), v 6, 12.