H5640a H5640a
To stop up, shut, seal, or keep closed; by extension, to conceal or keep secret (of prophetic words or hidden knowledge).
A verb whose physical core — stopping up water sources — expands into the realm of secrecy and divine concealment. In 2 Kings 3:19 and 2 Chronicles 32, it describes the military tactic of blocking springs and wells. But in Daniel 8:26 and 12:4, it takes on prophetic weight: 'seal up the vision,' where closure becomes concealment until the appointed time. Spanish captures both poles well: 'cegar' for physically blocking water and 'cerrar/cierra' for sealing prophetic words. The passive participle in Psalm 51:6 ('in the hidden part') shows how physical stoppage became a metaphor for God's secret wisdom.
4. closed, shut (Qal passive state) — The Qal passive participle as a resultative state: 'closed, shut up.' Daniel 12:9 declares the prophetic words are 'closed up and sealed till the time of the end.' Spanish 'cerradas' ('closed') renders the completed, enduring state of closure — the vision remains sealed. 1×
AR["مُغْلَقَةٌ"]·ben["বন্ধ-করা"]·DE["[סתמים]"]·EN["shut-up"]·FR["fermer"]·heb["סתומים"]·HI["बन्द"]·ID["tertutup"]·IT["[סתמים]"]·jav["dipun-tutup"]·KO["닫혀졌으니라"]·PT["fechadas"]·RU["запечатаны"]·ES["cerradas"]·SW["yamefungwa"]·TR["mühürlü"]·urd["بند-ہیں"]
▼ 4 more senses below
Senses
1. stop up, block (Qal) — The core Qal active meaning: to physically stop up, block, or seal shut. Used of military well-plugging (2 Kgs 3:19, 25) and Hezekiah's spring-blocking strategy (2 Chr 32:3-4, 30). In Daniel 8:26 and 12:4, the same form extends to sealing prophetic words — 'shut up the words and seal the book.' Spanish 'cegaron' ('they blocked') and 'cierra' ('seal') track both the physical and prophetic applications. 7×
AR["اخْتِمْ","اُغْلُقْ","تَسُدُّونَ","سَدَّ","لِيَسُدَّ","وَ-سَدُّوا","يَسُدُّونَ"]·ben["ও-বন্ধ-করল","বন্ধ-কর","বন্ধ-করতে","বন্ধ-করবে","বন্ধ-করলেন","বন্ধ-রাখ"]·DE["[ויסתמו]","[לסתום]","[סתם]","du-soll-stop-hinauf","sie-stopped-hinauf"]·EN["and-they-stopped-up","seal-up","shut-up","stopped","they-stopped-up","to-stop-up","you-shall-stop-up"]·FR["[ויסתמו]","[לסתום]","[סתם]","fermer","ils-arrêta-en-haut","tu-devra-arrête-en-haut"]·heb["ו-יסתמו","יסתמו","ל-סתום","סתום","סתם","תסתמו"]·HI["और-बंद-किया","बंद-कर","बंद-करने","बंद-करोगे","बंद-किया","बन्द-कर"]·ID["dan-menutup","kamu-akan-tutup","menutup","mereka-tutup","tutuplah","untuk-menutup"]·IT["[ויסתמו]","[לסתום]","[סתם]","essi-fermò-su","tu-dovrà-ferma-su"]·jav["dipuntutupi","kanggé-nutup","lan-nutup","nutup","panjenengan-badhe-nutupi","tutupana"]·KO["그리고-그들이-막았다","닫으라","막겠다-너희-가","막았다","막으려고","봉하라"]·PT["e-taparam","fecha","para-tapar","sela","taparam","tapareis","tapou"]·RU["закрыл","запечатай","засыпали","засыпьте","заткнуть","и-заткнули"]·ES["cegaron","cegaréis","cierra","para-tapar","sella","tapó","y-taparon"]·SW["funga","listּwom","mtaziba","satam","wakaziba","wayiּstּmwּ","yafunge"]·TR["mühürle","tikayacaklar","tikayacaksiniz","tıkadı","tıkamak-için","ve-tıkadılar"]·urd["اور-بند-کیا","بند-کر","بند-کر-دو-گے","بند-کرتے-تھے","بند-کرنے-کو","بند-کیا"]
2. hidden, secret — A stative or adjectival extension meaning 'hidden, secret, concealed.' In Psalm 51:6, God desires truth 'in the hidden part' (b'satum); in Ezekiel 28:3, no secret is hidden from the prince of Tyre. The shift from physical closure to epistemic concealment is natural. Spanish 'secreto' and 'lo oculto' ('the hidden thing') render this well. 2×
AR["سِرٍّ","وَ-فِي-الخَفَاءِ"]·ben["ও-মধ্যে-গোপনের","গুপ্ত-বিষয়"]·DE["[סתום]","und-in-der-verborgen-part"]·EN["and-in-the-hidden-part","secret"]·FR["et-dans-fermer","fermer"]·heb["ו-ב-סתום","סתום"]·HI["और-गुप्त-में","छिपा-हुआ"]·ID["rahasia"]·IT["[ובסתם]","[סתום]"]·jav["lan","wewadi"]·KO["그리고-은밀한-곳-에서","비밀이"]·PT["e-no-oculto","segredo"]·RU["и-в-сокровенном","тайна"]·ES["secreto","y-en-lo-oculto"]·SW["na-kwa-siri","siri"]·TR["gizli-olan","ve-gizlide"]·urd["اور-پوشیدہ-میں","بھید"]
3. stop up (Piel intensive) — The Piel intensive stem: to stop up thoroughly or completely. Genesis 26:15 and 18 describe the Philistines stopping up Abraham's wells after his death, and Isaac reopening them. The intensive stem emphasizes the deliberateness and thoroughness of the act. Spanish 'los cegaron' ('they blocked them up') and French 'arreta eux' capture the completeness. 2×
AR["سَدَّها","وَ-سَدَّها"]·ben["আর-বন্ধ-করেছিল","বন্ধ-করেছিল"]·DE["und-verstopft-hatten-sie","verstopften"]·EN["and-stopped-them","stopped-them"]·FR["arrêta-eux","et-arrêta-eux"]·heb["ו-יסתמום-ם","סתמום-ם"]·HI["और-बंद-कर-दिए","बंद-कर-दिए"]·ID["dan-menutup","menutup"]·IT["e-stopped-loro","stopped-loro"]·jav["dipunurugi","lan-dipunurugi"]·KO["그리고-막았다-그것들을","막았다-그것들을"]·PT["e-entupiram-os","entupram-os"]·RU["засыпали-их","и-засыпали-их"]·ES["los-cegaron","y-los-cegaron"]·SW["na-waliziba","waliziba"]·TR["tıkadılar","ve-tıkamışlardı"]·urd["اور-بند-کر-دیے-تھے-انہیں","بند-کر-دیے"]
5. be stopped up (Nifal passive) — The Nifal passive: 'to be stopped up,' indicating that something is being sealed or closed by external agency. Nehemiah 4:7 reports the breaches of Jerusalem's wall beginning to be stopped up, prompting enemy opposition. Spanish 'a cerrarse' ('to become closed') captures the passive-reflexive sense of the breach closing itself. 1×
AR["تُسَدُّ"]·ben["-বন্ধ-হতে"]·DE["[להסתם]"]·EN["to-be-stopped"]·FR["[להסתם]"]·heb["ל-הסתם"]·HI["भरने"]·ID["untuk-ditutup"]·IT["[להסתם]"]·jav["dipun-tutup"]·KO["막히기"]·PT["a-ser-fechadas"]·RU["заделываться"]·ES["a-cerrarse"]·SW["kuzibwa"]·TR["kapatılmaya"]·urd["کے-لیے-بند-ہونے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† סָתַם vb. stop up, shut up, keep close (NH id.; 𝔗 סְתַם id.; Syriac ܣܛܰܡ (ܣܬܡ very rare); Arabic سَدَمَ close door Lane1334, and سَطَمَ Ḳam Frey, are perhaps loan-words; cf. Assyrian (bît) šutummu, storehouse, treasury, ZehnpfBAS i. 531); — Qal Pf. 3 ms. ס׳ 2 Ch 32:30; Impf. 2 mpl. תִּסְתֹּ֑מוּ 2 K 3:19; 3 mpl. יִסְתֹּ֑מוּ v 25, וַיִּסְתְּמוּ 2 Ch 32:4; Imv. ms. סְתֹם Dn 8:26; 12:4; Inf. cstr.…