H5287 H5287
To shake, shake out, or shake off; to cast off vigorously; to be shaken loose; to shake oneself free.
A kinetic verb of forceful dislodging, used for everything from God hurling Pharaoh's army into the sea to a locust being flicked from a garment fold. Nehemiah shook out his robe as a prophetic symbol, warning that God would likewise shake out anyone who broke their oath. In Isaiah 52:2, captive Zion is urged to 'shake yourself free from the dust,' a command of liberation. Spanish captures the range well: 'arrojó' (hurled) for the violent Piel, 'sacúdete' (shake yourself) for the reflexive self-liberation.
3. be shaken off (passive) — Passive voice (Qal passive participle and Niphal): to be shaken off, shaken out, or dislodged. The psalmist laments 'I am shaken off like a locust' (Ps 109:23), evoking the image of an insect flicked from a garment fold -- a powerful metaphor for feeling expendable and rootless. In Job 38:13, the wicked are 'shaken off' the earth at dawn. Spanish 'soy sacudido' preserves the passive suffering, while German 'abgeschüttelt' adds the sense of being discarded. 3×
AR["مَنْفوضًا","نُفِضتُ","وَيُنْفَضَ"]·ben["আমি-ঝেড়ে-ফেলা-হয়েছি","আর-ঝাঁকিয়ে-ফেলা-হয়","ঝাড়া"]·DE["[וינערו]","[נעור]","ich-bin-abgeschüttelt"]·EN["I-am-shaken-off","and-be-shaken-off","shaken-out"]·FR["[נעור]","et-וינערו","secouer"]·heb["ו-יינערו","ננערתי","נעור"]·HI["और-झाड़े-जाएं","झाड़-दिया-गया-हूँ"]·ID["aku-diusir","dan-dikibas-kibaskan","dilemparkan"]·IT["[נעור]","e-e-essere-shaken-off","scosse"]·jav["kagoncangaken","kula-dipunkebur","lan-dipunkebut"]·KO["그리고-털리우다","떨려-떨어졌나이다","털린-자로"]·PT["e-sejam-sacudidos","sacudido","sou-sacudido"]·RU["вытряхнутый","и-вытряхнуты-будут","сметаюсь"]·ES["sacudido","soy-sacudido","y-sean-sacudidos"]·SW["aliyetikiswa","na-watikiswe","nimekung'utwa"]·TR["silkelendim","silkinmiş","ve-silkelensinler"]·urd["اور-جھٹک دیے جائیں","جھٹکا-ہوا","میں-جھٹک-دیا-گیا-ہوں"]
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
1. shake off vigorously (Piel intensive) — Piel intensive: to shake off or cast out with forceful, decisive violence. God shook Pharaoh's chariots into the Red Sea (Exod 14:27; Ps 136:15), and Nehemiah invoked the same verb in his oath-curse: 'So may God shake out every man from his house' (Neh 5:13). Spanish 'arrojó' ('he hurled') and 'sacudió' ('he shook off') convey the violent, ejective force of this intensified stem. 3×
AR["وَ-طَرَحَ","وَنَفَضَ","يَنْفُضُ"]·ben["এবং-ঝেড়ে-ফেললেন","এবং-ঝেড়ে-ফেলেছিলেন","ঝাড়ুক"]·DE["[ינער]","und-er-shook-off","und-schuettelte-weg"]·EN["and-he-shook-off","and-shook-off","may-shake-out"]·FR["[ינער]","et-secoua-dehors","et-secouer"]·heb["ו-ניער","ינער"]·HI["और-झटकारा","और-डुबो-दिया"]·ID["Dan-menghempaskan","biarlah-dilemparkan","dan-menjatuhkan"]·IT["[ינער]","e-scosse","e-shook-off"]·jav["Lan-nyuntak","lan-Yéhuwah-mbucal","mugi-nggoncangaken"]·KO["그리고-떨어뜨리신","그리고-털어내셨다","털어-버리실-것이다"]·PT["E-derribou","e-sacudiu","sacuda"]·RU["вытряхнет","и-низвергшему","и-стряхнул"]·ES["Y-arrojó","sacuda","y-sacudió"]·SW["amtikise","na-akamtupa","na-akawatupa"]·TR["silksin","ve-salladı","ve-savuran"]·urd["اور-جھٹکا","جھٹک-دے"]
2. shake off/out (Qal active) — Qal active: to shake off or shake out something by physical action in the basic stem. Nehemiah shook out his garment as a symbolic act (Neh 5:13), Isaiah 33:15 describes the righteous man 'shaking his hands free from grasping a bribe,' and Isaiah 33:9 depicts Lebanon's leaves being shaken off in withering judgment. The sense is deliberate removal through physical shaking, less violent than the Piel. 3×
AR["النَّافِضُ","نَفَضْتُ","وَ-سَقَطَتْ-أَوْرَاقُ"]·ben["আমি-ঝাড়লাম","ও-সে-ঝরে-পড়ে","যে-ঝাড়ে"]·DE["[ונער]","[נער]","[נערתי]"]·EN["I-shook-out","and-shaking-off","who-shakes"]·FR["[נערתי]","et-garçon","garçon"]·heb["ו-נוער","נוער","נערתי"]·HI["और-झड़-रहा-है","झाड़नेवाला"]·ID["aku-kibaskan","dan-gugur","yang-mengibaskan"]·IT["[ונער]","[נער]","[נערתי]"]·jav["kula-kebut","lan-ngudhal-godhong","ngibasaken"]·KO["그리고-떨군다","내가-털었다","털어내는-자이다"]·PT["e-sacodem","sacode","sacudi"]·RU["вытряхнул-я","и-осыпаются","отряхивающий"]·ES["el-que-sacude","sacudí","y-sacudidos"]·SW["akunge","na-imepukutisha","nilitikisa"]·TR["silken","silktim","ve-yaprak-doken"]·urd["اور-لرزیں","جھٹکنے-والا","میں-نے-جھٹکا"]
4. shake oneself free (reflexive) — Hitpael and Niphal reflexive: to shake oneself free from dust, bonds, or captivity. Isaiah 52:2 commands Zion: 'Shake yourself from the dust, arise!' -- a call to self-liberation that pairs physical and spiritual freedom. Samson 'shook himself free' expecting divine strength (Judg 16:20), not knowing the LORD had departed. Spanish 'sacúdete' (imperative reflexive) perfectly mirrors the Hebrew Hitpael command, capturing both the physical motion and the theological urgency of rising from subjugation. 2×
AR["انْتَفِضِي","وَ-أَتَحَرَّرُ"]·ben["এবং-ঝাড়ব","নিজেকে-ঝাড়ো"]·DE["[התנערי]","und-schuetteln-myself-befreien"]·EN["and-shake-myself-free","shake-yourself"]·FR["[התנערי]","et-secouer-myself-libérer"]·heb["התנערי","ו-אנער"]·HI["और-मैं-झटकूँगा","धूल"]·ID["Otakkanlah-dirimu","dan-akan-melepaskan-diri"]·IT["[התנערי]","e-shake-myself-liberare"]·jav["Otot-ototipun","lan-kawula-ngonyak"]·KO["그리고-나가-벽겠다","털어-버려라"]·PT["Sacode-te","e-me-sacudirei"]·RU["и-стряхнусь","отряхнись"]·ES["Sacúdete","y-me-sacudiré"]·SW["Jikung’ute","na-nijikungushe"]·TR["Silkinip-temizlen","ve-silkineceğim"]·urd["اور-جھٹکوں-گا","جھاڑ"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† II. [נָעַר] vb. shake, shake out or off (NH נָעַר shake, stir up, especially Pi. Niph.; 𝔗 נְעֹרֶת tow (v. infr.); Arabic نَغِرَ, نَغَرَ boil, be in violent commotion, be very angry);— Qal Pf. 1 s. נָעַ֫רְתִּי Ne 5:13; Pt. act. נֹעֵר Is 33:9, 15; pass. Ne 5:13;—shake out, to shew emptiness, חָצְנִי נ׳ Ne 5:13 (symbol.), נ׳ כַּפָּיו מִתְּמֹךְ בַּשֹּׁחַד Is 33:15; pt. shaken out, emptied נ׳ וָרֵק…