נָגַע150 H5060
To touch, reach, strike; to arrive at; to cause to reach; to afflict, smite; to be stricken or defeated
A verb whose semantic range traces the full arc of contact — from a gentle touch to a devastating blow. At its simplest it describes physical touching (Gen 3:3, 'you shall not touch it'), but even here a taboo charge often clings to the contact: touching holy things, unclean things, or forbidden boundaries. In the Hifil it acquires spatial extension — reaching a destination, arriving at a point, or causing something to arrive. At the other extreme, when God is the agent, the verb can mean to strike or afflict, as when the LORD 'touches' Pharaoh's house with plagues (Gen 12:17). Arabic carefully separates these senses with different roots: lamasa for touch, balagha for reach, and daraba for strike — confirming that Hebrew folds genuinely distinct concepts under one lexeme.
4. strike, afflict, plague (Piel/Qal) — The Piel intensive and certain Qal occurrences meaning to strike, afflict, or plague — where the contact is harmful and often divinely administered. Arabic daraba (strike) uses a root completely distinct from touch or reach, and Korean chida (strike) similarly diverges from touch vocabulary. Gen 12:17 ('the LORD struck Pharaoh's house with great plagues'), 2 Kgs 15:5 ('the LORD struck the king so that he was a leper'), and Job 19:21 ('the hand of God has struck me') reveal the theological weight of divine affliction through this verb. 5×
AR["ضَرَبَتْنِي","ضَرَبَهُ","فَضَرَبَ","وَ-ضَرَبَ","وَضَرَبَتْ"]·ben["আঘাত-করেছিলেন","আর-আঘাত-করলেন","এবং-আঘাত-করল","এবং-আঘাত-করলেন","স্পর্শ-করেছে"]·DE["berueehrte","beruehren","und-er-beruehrt","und-er-schlug","und-schlug"]·EN["and-he-struck","and-struck","had-struck-him","has-touched"]·FR["[נגעו]","et-frappa","et-il-frappa","et-toucher","toucher"]·heb["ו-ינגע","ו-נגע","ו-ניגע","נגעה","נגעו-ו"]·HI["और-छूई","और-मर","और-मारा","मारा-उसे","मुझे-छूआ-है"]·ID["Dan-menjamah","dan-menghantam","dan-menimpakan-tulah","memukul-dia","menyentuh"]·IT["e-colpì","e-egli-colpì","e-toccare","raggiungere","toccare"]·jav["Lan-napuk","lan-nabrak","lan-nggebag","ndemèk","nggebug-piyambakipun"]·KO["그리고-쳤습니다","그리고-치셨다","쳤다-그를","치셨나니"]·PT["E-feriu","e-tocou","feriu-o","me-tocou"]·RU["И-поразил","и-поразил","и-ударил","коснулась","поразил-его"]·ES["Y-hirió","lo-hirió","me-ha-tocado","y-golpeó"]·SW["Na-akampiga","alimpiga","na-Yahwe-alimgusa","na-ukapiga","umenipiga"]·TR["Ve-vurdu","dokundu","ve-vurdu","ve-çarptı","vurdu"]·urd["اور-مارا","اور-ٹکرائی","لگی ہے","مارا-اُسے"]
▼ 5 more senses below
Senses
1. touch physically (Qal) — The Qal sense of physical touching or contact — laying hands on a person, object, or sacred item. This covers general tactile contact, prohibited/taboo touch (the tree in Eden, holy vessels, unclean things), and ritual purity contexts. Arabic lamasa (touch) uses a root entirely distinct from reaching or striking. Gen 3:3 ('God said you shall not touch it'), Exod 29:37 ('whatever touches the altar shall be holy'), and Lev 5:2-3 (touching unclean things) are paradigmatic of this sense's range from the mundane to the sacral. 96×
AR["ال-لَامِسِ","اللَّامِسَةُ","اللَّامِسُ","اللَّامِسِ","الْ-لَامِسِ","تَلْمِسُ","ما-يَمَسُّ","ما-يَمَسُّها","يَلْمِسُ"]·ben["-যে-স্পর্শ-করে","যে-স্পর্শ-করে","সেই-স্পর্শকারী","স্পর্শ-করে"]·DE["der-touching","er-touches","touches"]·EN["he-touches","the-touching","touches"]·FR["il-touche","le-touching","touche"]·heb["ה-נגע","ה-נוגע","ייגע","תיגע"]·HI["और-सब","छुए","छूने वाला","जो-छूए","जो-छूता-है"]·ID["ia-menyentuh","menyentuh","yang-menyentuh"]·IT["egli-tocca","il-touching","tocca"]·jav["ingkang-ndemek","ingkang-ndemok","ingkang-ndemèk","ingkang-nyenggol","ndemek"]·KO["그-닿는-자는","그-만지는","그-만지는-자","그-만지는-자-가","닿는-자는","만지는","만지는-자-는","만지면"]·PT["O-que-toca","a-que-toca","o-que-toca","tocar"]·RU["касавшегося","касающаяся","касающийся","прикасающееся","прикасающийся","прикоснётся"]·ES["El-que-toca","el-que-toca","el-que-toque","la-que-toca","tocare"]·SW["Agusaye","agusaye","amgusaye","anayegusa","anayewagusa","atagusa","igusayo","itagusa","wanaogusa"]·TR["dokunan","dokunanın","dokunursa"]·urd["-چھونے-والا","جو-چھوئے","چھوئے","چھونے-والا","چھونے-والی","چھونے-والے"]
2. reach, arrive, extend to (Hifil/Qal) — The Qal and intransitive Hifil sense of reaching a destination, arriving at a place, or extending to a point in space or time. Arabic balagha and wasala (reach, arrive) employ different roots from touch or strike, confirming a distinct semantic domain. Gen 28:12 (the ladder 'reaching' to heaven), 2 Chr 3:11 (cherub wings 'reaching' the wall), and 1 Sam 14:9 ('if they say come up to us, we will go up, for the LORD has given them into our hand') all show arrival or spatial extension rather than mere contact. 39×
AR["بَلَغَ","جَاءَ","وَ-حَلَّ","وَ-فِي-وُصُولِ","وَحَلَّ","وَصَلَتْ","يَبلُغُ","يَصِلُ","يَلْمَسُ","يُصِيبُهُمْ"]·ben["আর-আসল","আর-পৌঁছল","ও-যখন-এসেছিল","পৌঁছবে","পৌঁছল","পৌঁছাচ্ছিল","পৌঁছায়","পৌঁছেছিল","পৌঁছেছে","যাদের-কাছে-পৌঁছায়","স্পর্শ-করছিল","স্পর্শ-করেছে"]·DE["berueehrte","beruehren","und-berueehrte","und-er-beruehrt"]·EN["and-arrived","and-when-arrived","arrived","has-reached","it-has-reached","it-reached","it-will-reach","reached","reaches","reaching","that-reaches","they-have-reached","they-reached","touching","will-reach"]·FR["[הגיע]","[ובהגיע]","[ויגע]","[מגיע]","[מגעת]","le-travail","toucher"]·heb["הגיע","ו-ב-הגיע","ו-בהגיע","ו-יגע","יגיע","מגיע","מגעת","נגע","נגעו","שׁ-מגיע"]·HI["आई","आया-समय","और-जब-आई","और-जब-आया","घटित हुआ था","छुआ","जिनको-पहुँचता-है","पहुँच-गया","पहुँचता","पहुँचता-है","पहुँचा","पहुँची","पहुँचेगी","पहुंचीं","पहुंचेगा"]·ID["Dan-tibalah","akan-mencapai","dan-ketika-tiba","dan-tibalah","ia-mencapai","menimpa","menjangkau","menyentuh","mereka-sampai","sampai","tiba","yang-menimpa"]·IT["e-raggiungere","raggiungere","toccare"]·jav["Lan-nalika-dumugi","dumugi","ingkang-kadadosan","kadadosan","lajeng-dumugi","lan-dumugi","ngantos","ngenani","nggayuh","piyambakipun-dumugi","tekan"]·KO["그-다치다","그리고-도달할-때에","그리고-도착하였다","그리고-이르렀다","다치다","닥쳐왓는지","닿고-있는","닿았다","닿았다-그것들이","닿으리라","닿은","도달하는","이르렀으며"]·PT["E-ao-chegar","E-chegou","alcançou","chegaram","chegará","chegava","chegou","e-chegou","lhes-chega","que-lhes-chega","tocando"]·RU["И-когда-наступил","достаётся","достиг","достигавшей","достигали","достигало","достигающее","достигли","достигло","достигнет","и-когда-приходила","и-когда-пришла","и-наступил","которым-достаётся"]·ES["Y-al-llegar","Y-llegó","ha-llegado","les-alcanza","llegaba","llegaron","llegará","llegó","que-les-alcanza","tocando","y-llegó"]·SW["alifika","ambao-huwapata","atafikia","huwapata","ilifika","imefika","likigusa","litafikia","na-kufika","na-ulipofika","ulivyofika","yalifikia"]·TR["Ve-ulasti","değen","erisecek","eriştiler","geldi","ki-ulasir","ulasir","ulastilar","ulaşacak","ulaştı","ulaşıyordu","ve-geldiğinde","ve-geldiğinde-"]·urd["اور-جب-پہنچی","اور-پہنچا","وہ-پہنچیں","پہنچ-گیا","پہنچا","پہنچتا-ہے","پہنچتا-ہے-جنہیں","پہنچی","پہنچیں","پہنچے-گا","پہنچے-گی","چھوتا"]
Gen 28:12, Lev 5:7, 1 Sam 14:9, 2 Sam 5:8, 2 Chr 3:11, 2 Chr 3:11, 2 Chr 3:12, 2 Chr 28:9, Ezra 3:1, Neh 7:73, Esth 2:12, Esth 2:15 (+27 more)
3. cause to reach, bring upon (Hifil causative) — The causative Hifil sense of making something reach, bringing it down upon, or causing it to arrive at a target. Arabic awsala (cause to reach) encodes the causative dimension. Exod 12:22 (dipping hyssop and 'causing it to touch' the lintel), Isa 25:12 ('he will bring down to the earth, to the dust'), and Lam 2:2 ('he has brought down to the ground the kingdom') show an agent directing contact or arrival upon a patient. 5×
AR["أَوْصَلَ","وَ-تَمَسُّونَ","وَأُوصِلُهُ","يُوصِلُ","يُوصِلُهَا"]·ben["আর-আমি-স্পর্শ-করাব","এবং-লাগাবে","নামিয়ে-আনবেন","নামিয়ে-আনেন-এটাকে","ফেলে-দিয়েছেন"]·DE["berueehrte","beruehren","und-beruehren"]·EN["He-brought-down","and-I-shall-bring-it-down","and-touch","makes-touch","to"]·FR["et-toucher","toucher"]·heb["הגיע","ו-הגעתם","ו-היגעתיהו","יגיענה"]·HI["और-मैं-लाऊँगा-उसे","और-लगाओ","गिरा-दिया","पहुंचाएगा-उसे","पहुंचाया"]·ID["Dia-capai","Dia-menjatuhkannya","Ia-menjatuhkan","dan-Aku-akan-menjatuhkannya","dan-kenakanlah"]·IT["e-toccare","toccare"]·jav["Panjenengan-ndhawahaken","dipun-tugel","dipun-tugelaken","lan-Kawula-dhawahaken-punika","lan-panjenengan-sedaya-ngolesaken"]·KO["그-가-닿게-했네","그리고-내가-닿게-하리라-그것을","그리고-대게-하라","닿게-하시니"]·PT["a-fará-chegar","e-a-farei-tocar","e-tocareis","fez-chegar"]·RU["доводит-его","довёл","и-повалю-её","и-помажьте","поверг"]·ES["ha-hecho-llegar","la-hará-llegar","las-hizo-llegar","y-la-haré-tocar","y-tocaréis"]·SW["Ameangusha","anaufikisha","ataifisha","na-mpake","na-nitaugusa"]·TR["indirdi","ve-dokunduracağım","ve-dokundurun","yere-indirdi","yere-indirir-onu"]·urd["اور-لگاؤ","اور-پہنچاؤں-گا-اُسے","لایا","پہنچائے-گا","پہنچائے-گا-اُسے"]
5. be stricken, be defeated (Nifal/Pual/QalPass) — The Niphal reflexive-passive, Pual intensive passive, and Qal passive participle senses of being stricken, smitten, or defeated. Arabic inhazama (be defeated) and masrub (one who has been struck) capture the patient-role experience of suffering a blow. Isa 53:4 is theologically paramount: the Suffering Servant is 'stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted' (nagua', mukkeh elohim u-me'unneh). Ps 73:14 ('all day long I have been stricken') and Josh 8:15 (Israel feigning defeat before Ai) show passive affliction in wisdom and narrative contexts. 4×
AR["فَ-انهَزَمَ","مَضْروباً","مَضْرُوبًا","يُصابونَ"]·ben["আঘাতপ্রাপ্ত","এবং-পরাজিত-হল","তারা-আঘাতপ্রাপ্ত।"]·DE["beruehren","berührte","und-lass-sich-selbst-sein-schlug"]·EN["and-let-themselves-be-struck","stricken","they-are-stricken"]·FR["et-que-eux-mêmes-être-frappa","toucher"]·heb["ו-ניגעו","ינוגעו","נגוע"]·HI["और-मारे-गए","पीड़ित","मारा-हुआ","वे-पीड़ित-होते-हैं"]·ID["bencana","dan-pura-pura-kalah","kena-tulah","mereka-ditimpa-bencana"]·IT["e-lasciare-se-stessi-essere-colpì","toccare","tocco'"]·jav["Lan-dipunkalahaken","dipungebug","dipunukum","tiyang-tiyang-dipungebug"]·KO["그리고-패한-척하였다","당하지-않다","친-자로","침-맞은"]·PT["afligido","são-afligidos","¶ E-fingiram-derrota"]·RU["И-сделались-поражёнными","поражаем","поражаются","поражённым"]·ES["Y-se-dejaron-vencer","azotado","herido","son-afligidos"]·SW["aliyepigwa","hawaadhibiwi","na-wakajifanya-kushindwa","ninaadhibiwa"]·TR["Ve-vurulmuş-göründüler","vurulmus","çarpılmış","çarpılırlar"]·urd["اور-شکست-کھائی","مارا-ہوا","وہ-تکلیف-میں-ہیں"]
6. sense 6 — A single occurrence in Isa 5:8 where the verb appears with the sense of joining or adjoining — those who 'join' house to house and field to field until there is no room. English 'those-joining' and Spanish de-los-que-juntan confirm a spatial contact reading: pressing properties together until boundaries vanish, a prophetic indictment of land consolidation by the wealthy. 1×
AR["لِلَّذِينَ-يُلحِقُونَ"]·ben["-যোগকারীরা"]·DE["beruehren"]·EN["those-joining"]·FR["toucher"]·heb["מגיעי"]·HI["जोड़नेवाले"]·ID["orang-orang-yang-menambahkan"]·IT["toccare"]·jav["ingkang-nyambungaken"]·KO["연결하는-자들아"]·PT["dos-que-juntam"]·RU["присоединяющим"]·ES["de-los-que-juntan"]·SW["wanaounganisha"]·TR["birlestirenlere"]·urd["ملانے-والوں-پر"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
נָגַע150 vb. touch, reach, strike (NH id.; Arabic نَجَعَ is agree with one (of food), produce effect; Aramaic נְגַע Ithpa. be struck (sc. w. leprosy), cf. Pi. infr.);— Qal Pf. נ׳ Gn 32:33 +; נָֽגְעָה Ju 20:41 +; 1 pl. sf. נְגַעֲנוּךָ Gn 26:29; Impf. יִגַּע Lv 5:3 +; וַיִּגַּע Gn 32:26 +, etc.; Imv. גַּע ψ 144:5 + 2 times; Inf. cstr. נְגֹעַ, לִנְגּוֹעַ Gn 20:6 + 3 times; גַּ֫עַת 2 S 14:10 Ez…