Search / H4994
H4994 H4994
Interjection  |  404× in 1 sense
Please, I pray; enclitic particle of entreaty, exhortation, or rhetorical softening
Na' is a tiny but remarkably expressive particle that softens commands into requests, turning imperatives into appeals. Attached to verbs in colloquial speech, it appears over 400 times, making it one of Hebrew's most frequent discourse markers. Abraham uses it when asking Sarah to say she is his sister (Gen 12:13), Moses when pleading with God (Exod 32:31), and even God himself when challenging Job (Job 40:10). Its force ranges from polite courtesy to desperate urgency, and translators wrestle with it: English 'please,' Spanish 'por favor,' German 'doch,' French 'je t'en prie' all capture only a fraction of its pragmatic range.

Senses
1. please, I pray (particle of entreaty) An enclitic discourse particle appended primarily to imperatives and cohortatives to express entreaty, polite request, or rhetorical softening. Its tone spans gentle courtesy (Gen 13:9 'separate yourself, please') to urgent plea (Gen 22:2) to ironic challenge (Isa 47:12). Virtually untranslatable as a standalone word, it modulates the illocutionary force of the verb it accompanies. The wide variation in target-language renderings (English 'please,' German 'doch,' French 'je t'en prie') underscores its pragmatic rather than semantic content. 404×
DISCOURSE_NAMES Discourse Markers Entreaty Particles
AR["الْآنَ", "رَجاءً", "رَجَاءً"]·ben["অনুগ্রহ", "অনুগ্রহ-করে", "দয়া-করে", "শপথ"]·DE["doch"]·EN["please"]·FR["je-t'en-prie"]·heb["נא"]·HI["अब", "कृपया"]·ID["(EMP)", "sekarang"]·IT["prego"]·jav["mugi", "sapunika"]·KO["부디", "이제", "제발"]·PT["agora", "por-favor"]·RU["же", "прошу"]·ES["por-favor"]·SW["sasa", "tafadhali"]·TR["kırmızıdan", "lütfen", "şimdi"]·urd["اب", "براہ-کرم", "مہربانی"]

Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
I. נָא part. of entreaty or exhortation, I (we) pray, now (enclitic) (Syriac ܢܺܐ, ܢܺܝ; cf. Ethiopic ነዒ: veni, age! Di§ 160. 1 Lex675 Köii. 244);—attached: 1. to the imv., especially in colloquial style, when it expresses an entreaty or admonition, as Gn 12:13 אִמְרִי־נָא say, I pray, 13:9 הִפָּרֶד־נָא מֵעָלַי, v 14 שָׂא־נָא עֵינֶיךָ, 15:5 הַבֶּט־נָא השׁמימה, 24:2 + often, Nu 20:10 שׁמעו־נא