H3866 H3866
Lud/Ludim: (1) Lydia in Asia Minor, son of Shem; (2) an African people, son of Mizraim, possibly conflated
Lud appears as both a son of Shem (representing Lydia in Asia Minor) and Ludim as a son of Mizraim/Egypt (representing an African people), creating scholarly debate about whether these are the same people or distinct groups. The Asian Lud appears in genealogies alongside Aram and Arphaxad, clearly Lydians of Anatolia. But prophetic texts place Lud/Ludim in Africa alongside Put and Cush, suggesting a North African people. Some scholars propose textual confusion, suggesting Jeremiah's 'Ludim' should read 'Lubim' (Libyans) as the Septuagint does.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Lud son of Shem appears in the Table of Nations (Gen 10:22 = 1Chr 1:17), representing Lydia. But Ludim son of Mizraim appears as an African descendant (Gen 10:13 = 1Chr 1:11, with Ketiv-Qere variants). Isaiah places Lud in Africa with Tarshish and Put (Isa 66:19), Ezekiel lists Persia, Lud, and Put as Tyre's mercenaries (Ezek 27:10) and among Egypt's allies (Ezek 30:5). Jeremiah's 'Ludim' alongside Cush and Put (Jer 46:9) may be a scribal error for Lubim, as Septuagint Ludoi/Ludiei suggests. Spanish Ludím, French Ludim, German Ludim preserve the name, while some scholars note the African-Asian confusion in brackets. 4×
AR["[لوديّين]", "لوديم", "لُودِيمَ", "وَاللُودِيُّونَ"]·ben["(লূদীয়দের)", "[লূদীয়দের]", "এবং-লূদীয়রা", "লূদীম"]·DE["[ולודים]", "[לודיים]", "[לודים]", "die-Luditer"]·EN["(Ludim)", "Ludim", "[K: Ludiyim]", "and-Ludim"]·FR["Ludim", "[ולודים]", "[לודיים]", "[לודים]"]·heb["ו-לודים", "לודים"]·HI["(लूदी)", "[लूदी]", "और-लूदी", "लूदीम-को"]·ID["[orang-Ludim]", "dan-orang-Lidia", "orang-Ludim"]·IT["Ludim", "[ולודים]", "[לודיים]", "[לודים]"]·jav["[Ludim]", "lan-tiyang-Lud", "tiyang-Ludim"]·KO["(루딤)", "그리고-루드인들이", "루딤"]·PT["(Ludim)", "Ludim", "[Ludim]", "e-ludim"]·RU["Лудийцев", "и-Анамим", "и-Лехавим", "и-лудим"]·ES["(Ludim)", "Ludím", "[Ludim]", "y-luditas"]·SW["(Ludimu)", "Waludimu", "[Ludimu]", "na-Waludi"]·TR["(Ludim'i)", "Ludları", "[Ludim'i]", "ve-Ludlular"]·urd["(لودیم)", "[لودیم]", "اور-لودی", "لودیم"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† לוּד, לוּדִים n.pr.m. et gent. 1. Lud, Lydia, Assyrian Luddu:—אַרְפַּכְשַׁד וְלוּד וַאֲרָם Gn 10:22 = 1 Ch 1:17 𝔊 Λουδ. 2. appar. a people in NE. Africa תַּרְשִׁישׁ פּוּל וְלוּד Is 66:19, 𝔊 Λουδ; פָּרַס וְל׳ וּפוּט Ez 27:10; כּוּשׁ וּפוּט וְלוּד 30:5 (+ לוּב q.v.), in both 𝔊 Λ(ο)υδοι; also pl. לוּדִים a ‘son’ of Miṣraim, Gn 10:13 𝔊 Λυδιειμ (‖ לְהָבִים) = 1 Ch 1:11 (לוּדִי֯ים); Je 46:9 (‖…