H3660 H3660
Aramaic adverb: accordingly, as follows, in this manner, thus
This Aramaic adverb functions as a discourse connector in the official correspondence and narrative of Ezra, meaning 'accordingly' or 'as follows.' It can point backward to summarize what was just stated (Ezra 6:13, 'they did accordingly') or forward to introduce the content of a letter or speech (Ezra 4:8, 'wrote as follows'). Its derivation is debated -- possibly from ken ('thus') plus an indefinite particle ma -- but its pragmatic function as a textual linking device is clear across all its occurrences.
Senses
1. sense 1 — An Aramaic discourse adverb meaning 'thus, accordingly, as follows,' used to connect reported speech or actions to their context. English renders 'thus,' Spanish 'así,' French 'ainsi,' and German 'wie' -- all capturing its deictic function. It points backward in Ezra 6:13 ('did accordingly') and forward in Ezra 4:8 and 5:4-11 ('wrote/spoke as follows'). All five occurrences are confined to the Aramaic sections of Ezra (4:8-6:13). 5×
AR["هَكَذَا", "هٰكَذا", "وَ-هٰكَذا"]·ben["আর-এইরূপ", "এইরকম", "এইরূপ"]·DE["und-wie", "wie"]·EN["and-thus", "thus"]·FR["ainsi", "et-ainsi"]·heb["ו-כנמא", "כנמא"]·HI["इस-प्रकार", "उसी-अनुसार", "और-इस-प्रकार", "वैसे-ही"]·ID["Dan-demikianlah", "demikian", "demikianlah"]·IT["così", "e-così"]·jav["kados-makaten", "lan-makaten", "makaten"]·KO["그리고-이같이", "이같이"]·PT["assim", "e-assim"]·RU["И-так", "так"]·ES["Y-así", "así", "así:"]·SW["kama-hivyo", "kama-ifuatavyo", "na-kama-ifuatavyo"]·TR["Ve-boyle", "boyle", "soyle"]·urd["اس-طرح", "اور-یوں", "یوں"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† כְּנֵ֫מָא adv. accordingly, as follows (der. uncertain: NöGGA, 1884, 1021 Marti al. from כֵּן + indef. מָא, so somewhat, ungefähr so: v. older improb. view (as we should say, from כְּ and נֵימָא = נֵאמַר, cf. Talm. יֵימָא for יֵימַר) in Thes652): referring backwards, Ezr 6:13 כְּנֵמָא … עֲבַדוּ did accordingly; referring forwards, 4:8 כְנֵמָא כְּתַבוּ … wrote a letter … as follows, 5:4 (read c. 𝔊 אֲמַרוּ; אֲמַרְנָא from v 9, MeyEntst. J. 26), v 9, 11.